代詞知識點的歸納總結

　　總結是指社會團體、企業單位和個人在自身的某一時期、某一項目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后進行回顧檢查、分析評價，從而肯定成績，得到經驗，找出差距，得出教訓和一些規律性認識的一種書面材料，它能夠給人努力工作的動力，不如立即行動起來寫一份總結吧。總結怎么寫才能發揮它的作用呢？下面是小編幫大家整理的代詞知識點的歸納總結，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對大家有所幫助。

　　代詞知識點的歸納總結 篇1

　　【代詞】

　　人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞

　　類別 人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞性 物主代詞 名詞性 物主代詞 反身代詞

　　第一人稱

　　單數 復數

　　we us our ours ourselves I me my mine myself

　　第二人稱

　　單數 復數

　　you you your yours yourself you you your yours yourselves

　　第三人稱

　　單數 復數

　　he him his his himself they them their theirs themselves

　　she her her hers herself

　　it it its its itself

　　1.人稱代詞

　　人稱代詞it的特殊用法：一般it指“它”，但在表示天氣、時間、距離等時，用it來代替，此時的it并不譯為“它”。

　　當三個人稱代詞(單數)同時出現時，其先后順序為you，he，I。而復數一般采用we，you，they順序。

　　2.物主代詞

　　物主代詞的用法：

　　形容詞性物主代詞后面一定要跟上一個名詞。

　　名詞性物主代詞可作主語、表語、賓語。

　　3.反身代詞

　　(1)反身代詞的構成分兩種：第一、二人稱反身代詞在形容詞：性物主代詞后加上self或selves，第三人稱的反身代詞在賓格代詞后加上self或selves.

　　(2)反身代詞的用法：一種是作賓語，由主語發出的動作又回到動作者本身。

　　如：I enjoyed myself at the party.另一種是作名詞或代詞的同位語;用來加強語氣。如：I can do it myself.

　　(3)初中階段由反身代詞構成的常用詞組有：enjoy oneself，help oneself to，learn by oneself，teach oneself，(all)by oneself，leave...by oneself，lose oneself in等，在運用反身代詞時，應注意它在數、性別上與哪一個保持一致。試比較：

　　“Help yourselves to some fish，Tom and Mike.”與I can’t leave the girl by herself.

　　指示代詞

　　指示代詞的特殊用法：

　　(1)為了避免重復，可用that，those代替前面提到過的名詞，但是this，these不可以。

　　(2)this，that有時可代替句子或句子中的一部分。

　　不定代詞

　　主要不定代詞的用法：

　　(1)one的用法

　　A. one作為代詞可以指人，也可以指物。

　　B. one，ones (one的復數形式) 可用來代替前面出現過的少數名詞，以避免重復。

　　C. one的前面可用this，that，the，which等詞來修飾。

　　D. 常有a+形容詞+one這一形式。

　　it和one的用法區別：it用來指特定的東西，而one則用于替代不特定的東西。

　　(2)some和any的用法區別

　　A. some，any可與單、復數可數名詞和不可數名詞連用。some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句，疑問句和條件句中。

　　B. some，any與—thing，—body，—one構成的合成詞的用法與some，any一樣。

　　C.在疑問句中，一般不用some，只有當問句表示一種邀請或者請求，或期待一個肯定的回答時才能用some。

　　D. some在否定句中表示半否定，any表示全否定。

　　E.some用于單數可數名詞前，表示“某個”而不是“一些”。

　　(3)other，another的用法

　　泛指 another=an other other (boys) others

　　特指 the other the other (boys) the others

　　功能

　　作主語、賓語、定語

　　作定語

　　作主語、賓語

　　A. another=another"另一個”，泛指眾多者中的`另一個，在原有基礎上自然增加的另一個。一般后面接單數名詞，前面不能加定冠詞。有時another可以用在復數名詞前表示“又”“再”，如：

　　I want to have another two cakes.我想再吃兩個蛋糕。

　　B.the other表示兩個中的另一個，常與one連用。常見形式是“one...the other...”。

　　C. other+復數名詞=others

　　D. the other+復數名詞=the others

　　(4) a11、both的用法

　　both表示“兩者都……”，而a11表示“三個或三個以上的`人或物都……”。

　　a11、both在句中放在be動詞，情態動詞及助動詞之后，放在實義動詞之前。

　　(5) each和every的用法

　　A. each用來指兩個或兩個以上的人或物中的一個。every則指兩個以上的人或物中的一個。

　　B. 從含義和語法功能上看，each是“單個”的意思，側重個體，在句中可作主語、同位語、定語和賓語。而every是“每一個”之意，側重全體、整體、共性。在句中只能作定語，也就是說它后面必須跟著名詞。而由every構成的合成詞后面絕不能跟名詞。

　　(6)either，neither，both的用法

　　either：指兩者中的任意一個。作主語謂語用單數。

　　neither：指兩者都不，全否定。作主語謂語用單數。

　　both：指兩者都。作主語謂語用復數。

　　(7)many和much

　　many只能和復數可數名詞連用。

　　much只能和不可數名詞連用。

　　注意：

　　a lot of/lots of / plenty of=much/many a large/great number of=many

　　a great/good deal of=much

　　(8)few，a few，little，a little

　　few，little表示否定含義，“很少”“幾乎沒有”;a few，a little表示肯定含義，有一些”。few，a few用在可數名詞前，little，a little用在不可數名詞前。

　　代詞知識點的歸納總結 篇2

　　介詞后跟有關系代詞時要注意：此時的關系代詞雖然用作介詞的賓語，但不能省略，可以是which，但不能是that。另外，某些表示時間、地點或原因的“介詞+關系代詞”結構可以與相應的關系副詞when, where, why 互換。例如：

　　This is the pan in which I boiled the milk. 這是我煮牛奶的鍋。

　　I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss music. 我想找一個能和我談音樂的'人。

　　The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已經找到了。

　　These are the reasons for which [why] we do it. 這些就是我們這樣做的理由。

　　The period in which [when] man learnt to make tools of iron is called the Iron Age. 人類學會制造鐵器的時期稱為鐵器時代。

　　代詞知識點的歸納總結 篇3

　　1.疑問代詞即指who，whom, whose,which,what等用于引出特殊疑問句的代詞。它們在句中可用作主語、表語、賓語、定語等。如：

　　What did she say?她怎么說?

　　Which are our seats?哪些是我們的座位?

　　What are you worrying about?你為什么事煩惱?

　　【注】 who和whom只用作主語、賓語和表語，不用作定語;what, which, whose則既可用作主語、賓語和表語，也可用作定語。

　　2.what與which的用法區別：當選擇的范圍較明確時，用which;當選擇的.范圍不明確時，用what。如：

　　which color do you like,red,back or while?

　　紅色、黑色和白色，你喜歡哪種?

　　What color is your car?

　　你的汽車是什么顏色的?

　　【注】

　　1.由于what和who的選擇范圍可以很大或不明確，所以其后可以跟else,表示其他的人(或事物)，但通常不跟表示特定范圍的of短語;而which的選擇范圍相對比較小或明確，所以其后一般不接else，常與表示特定范圍的of短語連用。

　　Who (What) else did you see there?

　　你在那兒還看到了別的什么人(什么東西)?

　　Which of the three girls is the oldest?

　　這三個女孩中哪個年紀最大?

　　2.另外，比較以下兩句：

　　"Who is he?"他是誰? (who指姓名、關系等)

　　What is he?他是千什么的? (what指職業、地位等)

　　3.兩個疑問代詞同用的情況：

　　Where and when were you born?你出生在何時何地?

　　When and how did he go there?他是什么時候、怎么去那兒的?

　　Where is it?" "Where is what?" "它在哪兒?" "什么在哪兒?"

　　代詞知識點的歸納總結 篇4

　　一、不定代詞定語從句用法

　　在限制性定語從句中,當先行詞指人時,關系詞可用who(作賓語是還可用whom)或that,二者常可互換.

　　但在下列情況中,用who(m),而不用that：

　　(1) 當先行詞是one,ones,any,few,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,everyone,

　　everybody等詞時.如：

　　Is there anyone who can answer this question?

　　He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.

　　注：在非正式文體中可以說：You’re the one that knows where to go.)

　　(2) 當先行詞是he,they,those,people,person等詞時.如：

　　He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.

　　Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.

　　注：在固定結構的諺語或習語中,可用he that….如：

　　He that promises too much means nothing.

　　(3) 當先行詞有較長的后置定語修飾時.如：

　　Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?

　　(4) 在分隔式定語從句中,若先行詞指人,為了明確修飾關系,應當用who(m).如：

　　A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.

　　There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.

　　I was the only person in my office who was invited.

　　(5) 兩個定語從句同時修飾一個指人的先行詞,第二個定語從句常用who(m)來引導,如：

　　She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.

　　二、定語從句用法歸納

　　定語從句由關系代詞who、whom、whose、which、what、as和關系副詞where、when、why等引導，但須記住：

　　1.what不能引導定語從句.

　　2.關系詞的分析須考慮它在定語從句中的成分。

　　一.指人的關系代詞有who、whose、whom、that. 試分析：

　　The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.

　　Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .

　　The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. (=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.)注：

　　A. 指人時有時只用who不宜用that。

　　1.先行詞為one、ones或anyone

　　(1)The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.

　　(2)Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.

　　2.先行詞為these時

　　These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.

　　3.在there be 開頭的句子中

　　There is a student who wants to see you.

　　4.一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關系代詞是that，另一個宜用who，以免重復。

　　The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.

　　5.在非限制性定語從句中

　　A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.

　　B.主句以who開頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。

　　二.指物的關系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that. 試分析：

　　1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.

　　2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.

　　3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)

　　4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)

　　注：

　　A. 介詞如果位于作為其賓語的關系代詞之前時，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.

　　(1). The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.

　　(2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.

　　B. 部分短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞拆開，在定語從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動詞之后。

　　Is this the book which she is looking for?

　　The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.

　　The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.

　　C. 指物時，下列情況下只能用that ，不宜用which。

　　(1)先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。

　　We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.

　　I have told them all (that) I know.

　　All that can be done has been done.

　　(2)先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞、修飾時。

　　The first book that I read last night was an English novel.

　　(3)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被最高級修飾時。

　　This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.

　　This is the best that can be done now.

　　(4)如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語從句的關系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。

　　We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.

　　There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.

　　(5)如果先行詞被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、 few 、little、no、 all 、one of、 just修飾時。

　　This is the only book that can be lent to you.

　　(6)當主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時，關系代詞只用that。

　　Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?

　　D.只物時，下列情況下只能用which，不宜用that。

　　(1)關系代詞放在介詞之后

　　This is the factory in which we once worked.

　　(2)非限制性定語從句中

　　This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.

　　(3)that，Those作主語時

　　Those which are on the desk are English books.

　　E.先行詞前有such、the same、 as時, 關系代詞用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同樣的, the same…that…表示同一的

　　He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.

　　Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.

　　三.比較When/which、where /which、why.

　　which I still never forget.

　　This is the day when I joined the party.

　　which he spent reading the books.

　　where I found the book.

　　which makes machines.

　　This is the place which we once visited.

　　which I will never forget.

　　which I am looking for.

　　限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別：

　　限制性定語從句

　　非限制性定語從句

　　All the students who study hard have passed.學習努力的學生都考試及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的沒及格。) All the students ,who study hard have passed.所有的學生都及格了，他們學習努力。(沒有人不及格，這些學生都很努力。)

　　從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語(如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正確。) 從句是對先行詞的附加說明(如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影響。) 與主句關系密切，不用逗號 與主句關系不十分密切，用逗號與主句隔開譯為漢語時，從句譯在先行詞前，與先行詞用“的”連接 譯為漢語時，從句放在主句后面關系代詞that可以代替who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關系代詞不用that,只用who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關系代詞代替賓語時可以省略 關系代詞不能省略關系代詞as和which

　　先研究下面兩個例句：

　　○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake. 任何人都看得出來，這頭象像條蛇。

　　○2.Tom didn’t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry. Tom物理考試不及格，這使得他父親很生氣。

　　這兩個例句中，as和which所代表的都是整個主句所表示的內容。但有兩點不同之處：

　　1. 在形式上as引導的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面;而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面。

　　2. 在意義上，as引導的定語從句和主句的關系一般為一致關系，常譯為“正如……”，“就像……”，而which引導的定語從句和主句的關系是因果關系，或which引導的'定語從句是對主句的評論。因此，在意思通順的情況下，which可代替as，而as許多時候不能代替which，如句○2。再如：

　　1.He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again. 正如我們所料，他又遲到了。/他又遲到了這是我們早就料到的。

　　2. The street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街道好多星期沒有打掃了，因此整條街很臟。(不用as)

　　3.The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful. 那年輕人詐騙了他朋友許多錢財，這是不光彩的。(不 用as)

　　4.He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health. 他每天運動，這對他的身體很有好處。(不用as)

　　5.As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner. 正如已經指出的那樣，英語對于初學者說，是相當難學的。在such…as…、the same…as…、 as…、 as many…/much as…等結構中,as不能用which代替。如：

　　1.Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 這樣的書對于初學的人來說是太難了。

　　=Books such as this are …

　　=Books like this are …

　　2.I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大樓里。

　　3.He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他認識所有到會的人。

　　4.That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我們和平時一樣，都起得很早。

　　“One of the +復數名詞”后面定語從句中謂語單復數情況

　　這一結構后面的定語從句的謂語動詞通常用復數形式，跟定語從句所*近的那個復數名詞在數上保持一致。如：

　　1. That is one of the books that are required for study at school.

　　2. This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.

　　3. She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .

　　4. This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,

　　如果one of +復數名詞這一結構前面帶有the only、the very之類的限定語，后面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數形式，這是因為定語從句在意義上修飾的是而不是那個復數名詞。如：

　　1.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修飾the only one)

　　He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修飾the teachers)

　　2.This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修飾the only one)

　　This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修飾rooms)

　　as與which引導的定語從句

　　兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。

　　1. 關系代詞引導的定語從句居句首時。 As we all know, the earth is round.

　　2. 當與such或the same連用時，一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.

　　3. 當從句和主句語義一致時，用as，反之則用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.

　　4. as在從句中作主語時，后面常接行為動詞的被動語態，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態，一般要用which作主語。

　　She has been late again, as was expected.

　　Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.

　　代詞知識點的歸納總結 篇5

　　定語從句修飾代詞

　　在復合句中修飾某個名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。學習定語從句，引導定語從句的關系代詞有who, whom, whose(一般指人);which(一般指物); that(指人或物)等。在句中充當主語、賓語、表語或定語。如：

　　1. This is the teacher who / that teaches us English. 這就是教我們英語的老師。(關系代詞who / that 作主語。)

　　2. Do you understand the sentence which / that I have just explained to you? 你們懂不懂我剛才給你們講的那個句子?(關系代詞which / that 作have explained 的賓語。)

　　3. China is no longer the country that she used to be. 中國不再是過去那樣的國家了。(關系代詞that 作be的表語。)

　　4. Do you know the student whose composition is the best in our school? 你認識那個在我們學校作文最好的學生嗎?(關系代詞whose作composition的定語。)

　　關系代詞引導定語從句要注意下列幾個問題：

　　一、 關系代詞與先行詞。關系代詞所修飾的(或指代的)詞叫做先行詞;先行詞如果是“物”，則關系代詞用which或that; 先行詞如果是“人”，則關系代詞用who或that; 也就是說，that既可用來修飾“人”也可用來修飾“物”。如：

　　1. This is the newspaper which / that I am looking for.

　　[分析]定語從句的先行詞為news-paper, 故關系代詞可以用which或that。

　　2. Mr. Li is the teacher who/that teaches us English.

　　[分析]定語從句的先行詞為teacher, 故關系代詞可以用who或that。

　　但如果先行詞為all， everything， anything， nothing， little, much 等不定代詞，或先行詞被very， all， no， any， every， little， much， only等不定代詞修飾時，關系代詞只用that; 如果先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時，關系代詞也只用that; 如果先行詞既有“人”又有“物”時，關系代詞也只能用that。如：

　　1. Finally, the thief handed every-thing that he had stolen to the police.

　　2. That’s the only thing that we can do now.

　　3. This is the first composition that I have written in English.

　　4. We often talk of the persons and things that we knew in the school.

　　二、省略與不能省略。關系代詞作主語，不能省略;關系代詞作賓語，可以省略。如：

　　1. Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks that were built about 300 years ago in Beijing.

　　[分析] Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks是主句; that were built about 300 years ago in Beijing是定語從句。關系代詞that作定語從句的主語，故不能省略。

　　2. The book (which / that) I lent you yesterday is my brother’s.

　　[分析] The book is my brother’s是主句;(which / that) I lent you yesterday是定語從句。關系代詞which / that作定語從句里謂語動詞的賓語，故可以省略。

　　3. The old man with white hair (who/ whom / that ) we saw at yesterday’s meeting is a professor.

　　[分析] The old man with white hair is a professor.是主句;(who/whom/that)we saw at yesterday’s meeting是定語從句。關系代詞who/whom/that作謂語動詞saw的賓語，故可以省略。

　　三、whose的用法。不管先行詞是“人”還是“物”，都可以用關系代詞whose作定語修飾后面的名詞。如：

　　1. This book is for the students whose native language is not English.

　　[分析] whose的先行詞是“人”;whose 的意思相當于the students’， 在定語從句里充當定語。

　　2. Do you know who is living in that house whose windows face south?

　　[分析] whose的先行詞是that house; whose window的意思相當于the window of that house, 在定語從句里充當定語。

　　四、who與 whom。 指代“人”的關系代詞作賓語時，既可用who也可用whom, 但作主語時只能用who。如：

　　1. Is this the man who / whom you asked for help yesterday?

　　[分析] 因為關系代詞作asked的賓語，故既可以用who也可以用whom(當然也可以省略)。

　　2. This is the man who helped me carry my bag upstairs.

　　[分析]因為關系代詞作主語，故只能用who (當然也可以用that)。

　　定語從句中的關系副詞

　　定語從句中的.關系副詞有三個：when, where和why，它們在定語從句中分別作時間、地點和原因狀語。其句法結構如下：

　　表時間的名詞 + when + 定語從句

　　when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。

　　例： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

　　表地點的名詞 + where + 定語從句

　　where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。

　　例： The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

　　表原因的名詞reason + why + 定語從句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定語從句中,在定語從句中作原因狀語。)

　　例：That is the reason why I did the job. (在現代英語中why可以省略)

　　關系副詞在定語從句中的用法看似簡單，但以下注意點不可忽視：

　　1. “when”、“where”和“why”的運用取決于表時間的名詞、表地點的名詞和表原因的名詞reason在定語從句中所作的成分，比較下面的幾組句子：

　　★I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.

　　★I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.

　　This is the hospital where my mother works.

　　This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.

　　The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.

　　This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .

　　2. “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替換成“介詞 + which”，介詞的選用取決于先行詞和定語從句中的動詞。例如：

　　Do you still remember the day when/on which we first met in Nantong?

　　This is the room where/in which we lived last year.

　　Do you know the reason why/for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party?

　　有時定語從句中介詞短語和動詞有意義緊密的修飾關系，尤其在非限制性定語從句中，常使用“介詞 + which”結構，而不使用關系副詞。例：

　　My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.

　　At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.

　　3. 關系副詞“when”、“where”既可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句。例：

　　I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.

　　He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.

　　I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.

　　Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.

　　有時關系副詞“when”、“where”引導的限制性定語從句和先行詞有間隔的現象，是為了平衡句子的語法需要。

　　Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?

　　The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil”.

　　簡述“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句

　　在“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句的運用中，介詞和關系代詞的選用需注意以下幾點：

　　一、介詞的選用原則

　　1.根據定語從句中謂語動詞的習慣搭配來決定。

　　①This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. (spend money on sth.為固定搭配)

　　② This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan. (pay money for sth.為固定搭配)

　　2.根據先行詞的搭配習慣來決定。

　　① I remember the day on which I joined the League. (強調在具體某一天前要用介詞on)

　　②I remember the days during which I lived here. (強調在某幾天時間內要用介詞during)

　　③ I remember the month in which I stayed there. (在month前介詞要用in)

　　④ I don’t like the way (that /in which) he spoke to her. (先行詞為way，表示“方式、方法”后接that 或in which或者省略)

　　二、若介詞放在關系代詞前，關系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who、that;關系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。關系代詞是所有格時用whose。

　　① 剛才跟你談話的那個人是我的鄰居。

　　The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正)

　　The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (誤)

　　② 我們去加拿大所乘坐的飛機實在很舒服。

　　The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)

　　The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (誤)

　　三、介詞可以后移，關系代詞可以省略。

　　① The person to whom you’ll write is Mr. Ball.

　　=The person (whom/that/who) you’ll write to is Mr. Ball.

　　②What do you think of the materials (which/that) these clothes were made of?

　　=What do you think of the materials of which these clothes were made?

　　四、含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。

　　① 這是我正在找的手表。

　　This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正)

　　This is the watch for which I am looking. (誤)

　　② 那個保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。

　　The babies (whom/who/that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. (正)

　　The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (誤)

　　五、“介詞+關系代詞”前還可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞或者數詞。如：

　　① In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

　　② There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

　　③ Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.

　　代詞知識點的歸納總結 篇6

　　定語從句不定代詞用法

　　1、先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾.

　　This is the most interesting book that l have ever read.

　　2、先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾.

　　The second foreign country that l expect to visit is Greek.

　　3、先行詞是不定代詞時,如"all、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something"

　　This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy.

　　4.、先行詞既有人又有物時

　　Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

　　5、先行詞被“only”、“the every”、“no”、“one of”等修飾

　　He is the only person that l want to talk to.

　　6、在以“which”、“who”、“whom” 引起的問句中,為避免重復,常用"that"

　　Who is the man that is standing there?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

　　7、“there be”句型中

　　8、先行詞在主句中作表語,或者關系代詞本身作從句的表語時宜用“that”

　　“that”在作賓語時可省略.

　　關系代詞的用法注意事項

　　(1)當定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時，who，whom，that， which可省略，但介詞在關系代詞前時，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結構。例如：

　　This is the house in which we lived last year.

　　這是我們去年居住的房子。

　　Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。

　　(2)含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的.位置上。例如：

　　This is the person whom you are looking for.

　　這就是你要找的那個人。

　　(3)that 作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。例如：

　　The city that she lives in is very far away.

　　她居住的城市非常遠。

　　(4)關系詞只能用that的情況：

　　a. 先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數詞、基數詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　　He was the first person that passed the exam.

　　他是第一個通過考試的人。

　　b. 被修飾的先行詞為all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代詞指物時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　　Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?

　　你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?

　　c. 先行詞被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　　This is the same bike that I lost.

　　這就是我丟的那輛自行車。

　　d. 先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：

　　I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

　　我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。

　　e. 以who或which引導的特殊疑問句，為避免重復，只能用that.例如：

　　Who is the girl that is crying?

　　正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰?

　　f. 主句是there be 結構，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which，例如：

　　There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

　　桌子上那本書是湯姆的。

　　(5)關系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：

　　a. 先行詞為that， those時，用which， 而不用that.例如：

　　What’s that which is under the desk?

　　在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?

　　b. 關系代詞前有介詞時，which，而不用that.例如：

　　This is the room in which he lives.

　　這是他居住的房間。

　　c. 引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞指事物時，用which， 而不用that，例如：

　　Tom came back， which made us happy.

　　湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。

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