Unit 11 Scientific achievement
Ⅰ.Brief Statements Based on the Unit
Science and technology are part of productive forces.The modern society has proved it.As we all see now,scientific achievements have changed the whole world and made people break away from ignorance and backwardness.The society has made great progress.This unit is arranged around the central topic-scientific achievement.In Warming up,there are several pictures asking students to talk about the most significant scientific achievements.The Speaking part introduces four different scientists who want to get money to complete their projects which are very helpful to human beings.The reading material-Zhongguancun,which is called China’s Silicon Valley,is the new centre for Chinese science and technology.By studying this unit,students also know that Chinese history is filled with great achievements in science and technology.In particular,since the year 1995 the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education” and this has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs.This unit presents four such results in Integrating Skills.As to Grammar-Word Formation,teacher should let students master some knowledge of forming a word,and know how to use stems and affixes to form a compound.
Ⅱ.Teaching Goals
1.Talk about science and scientific achievement.
2.Practise expressing intentions and wishes.
3.Learn about Word Formation(1).
4.Write a persuasion essay.
Ⅲ.Background Information
1.The Influence of the Computer
About ten years ago,the computer was a strange machine.Not many people understood it.Not many people said yes to it.Today,much of that is changing.The first computer system was introduced for use in business in the mid-1950s.Since then,the number of computer systems used in business,governments,and institutions(公共機構) has grown rapidly.In 1975,about 250 000 systems were in use in the United States.This figure is growing by tens of thousands every year.
The electronic computer is an important factor in our lives.Each year we use computers more and more to help us to collect data and to provide us with information.At one time,people thought computers were only useful for banks,department stores,and governments.But today the rapidly increasing number of computers are used for many other purposes.
Have you ever stopped to think how you are affected by computer?The clothes you wear were probably made with the help of a computer.The newspaper you read could have been edited and typed by a computer.Even radio programs are often prepared by computers.
Computers today are playing important roles in education,transportation and medicine.They are used to predict the weather,to examine the ocean,and to develop defence systems.They are being used by businesses,governments,and institutions.There is no reason to think that their use will decrease(減少).Computers will become a greater part of our lives.
The influence of the computer is great.The list of its uses could go on and on.Although the first computer was only introduced in the mid-1950s,computers now affect millions of people in countless ways every day.
2.The Information Revolution
The information revolution:How does it concern you?Computers Are Changing Your World.
Ten years ago,in 1986,desktop computers were just beginning to make their entrance into the world of business.Now,they are invading(涌入) the family home at a rapid pace.More importantly,however,they are also changing the way we look at the world.The information superhighway is now open to increasing numbers of ordinary people.The superhighway is providing ordinary people with immediate access to a huge amount of information.It is also giving them almost unlimited opportunities of communication with people around the world.Ordinary people now have power to gain knowledge and to link up with so many fellow citizen of the world.This has never happened before in the history of the human race.
Information Superhighway
The global computer network is called the Internet.Large computers(called servers) from all over the world have been link up with satellites.From their home,ordinary people use their computers and their telephone lines to link up to these server computers.They can then access computers overseas and find information on almost any topic they can think of.They can read foreign newspapers,find out about the latest trends in music,films,books and fashion through library catalogues(目錄),and find research data on almost any subject.
Other Activities on the Internet
If the Internet users have a credit card（信用卡）,they can shop for goods and services from the other side of the world.They can also join thousands of newsgroups (called “bulletin boards”,that is electronic message centres kept in computers).In these newsgroups,the Internet users can take part in discussions on many different topics with computers users around the world.
It is also possible to send letters electronically to people overseas through this computer network.This function of the computer is called “e-mail” or “electronic mail”.The letters sent arrive almost instantly at the recipient’s(接受者) server computer on the other side of the world.The cost of sending the e-mail is a fraction(小部分) of the cost of an airmail letter,a fax or a telephone conversation.
Ⅳ.Teaching Time:Four periods
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following.
(1)New words:
engineering,solar,significant,mankind,constitution
(2)Everyday English:
If I got the money,I would…
My plan is to…
I hope that…
I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…
I’d like to…
I’m thinking of…
2.Train the students’ listening and speaking abilities.
3.Talk about science and scientific achievement,urging the students to further understand the significance of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Finish the task of listening to train the students’ listening ability.
2.Practise expressing intentions and wishes to train the students’ speaking ability.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1.How to help the students talk in English about science and scientific achievement freely.
2.How to help the students finish the tasks of listening and speaking smoothly.
Teaching Methods:
1.Listening and speaking to train the students’ ability to use English.
2.Individual,pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Lead-in
T:Hello,everyone.
Ss:Hello,teacher.
T:Sit down,please.Glad to be here with you again.Did you have a good holiday?
Ss:Yes.
T:Have you gone anywhere to see some of your friends or relatives?
Ss:Yes.
T:Have you found their life happier and richer than before?
Ss:Yes.Much happier and richer than before.Their life is changing year by year.
T:I’m glad to hear that.Now let’s watch some programmes.
(Teacher turns on the multimedia.First,show the students a recorded programme in which the students can see the hard life people lived in the past.Then show them a programme in which people live a happy and modern life.After that,teacher says the following.)
T:Well.Who’d like to describe what you saw in the programmes?Any volunteer?
S:Let me have a try.In the programmes,we found people’s life has been greatly improved.Modern life is quite different from the past life.Years ago,people…,but now,…
T:Yes.People’s life has been changed.What about the world?
Ss:The world has also been changed.
T:What has changed the world?
Ss:Scientific achievement.
T:Yes.With the development of science and technology,the world is changing day by day.Today,we’re going to learn Unit 11 Scientific achievement (Bb:Unit 11 Scientific achievement)First,let’s learn some new words.Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the screen and deals with them with the whole class.)
engineering /,ｅｎｄI′nIrI/ n. 工程；工程學；設計；建造
solar /′ｓｌ(r)/ adj. 太陽的；日光的
significant /sIɡ′nIfIknt/ adj. 意義重大的；重要的；有意義的
mankind /,mn′kaInd/ n. 人類
△Neil Armstrong /′ｎｉl′mstr/ 尼爾阿姆斯特朗（美國宇航員）
△Alexander G Bell /,ｌIｇ′ｚｎｄ′ｄｉ′ｂｅｌ/ 亞歷山大貝爾（美國發明家）
△Ray Tomlinson /′reI′tｍｌIｎｓｎ/ 雷湯姆林森（美國計算機工程師）
constitution /ｋｎｓｔI′ｔｊｕｎ/ n. 憲法
△eureka /ｊ′ｒｉｋ/ interj. 我找到了！
Step Ⅱ Warming up
T:Now,please tell us what scientific achievements you think have changed the world?
Ss:Electricity,cars,aeroplanes,telephones,radio and television.
T:Anything else?
Ss:The Theory of Gravity,the Internet,solar energy…
T:Quite right.Besides,some other ones like genetic engineering and cloning are also changing the world.
(Teacher writes all the scientific achievements mentioned above on the blackboard and says the following.)
T:Now,please look at the blackboard and tell which one do you think is the most significant?And why?
S1:I think electricity is the most significant,because it is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of energy.
S2:I think solar energy is the most significant,because it helps us save lots of natural sources of energy like coals,electricity,natural gas and oil.
S3:I think cars and aeroplanes are the most significant.They make the world a smaller place,which makes many things easy to do.
S4:I think the achievement of Genetic Engineering is significant.Not only has it given a glimpse into the extraordinary complexity of the structure of human DNA but it has also demonstrated the huge potential of cooperative scientific endeavour organized on an international basis.It has already produced important medical breakthroughs.
Ss:…
T:Wonderful.You all did a good job.Are there any other scientific achievements that you think are important?What are they?
Ss:The invention of steam engine,the discovery of “uranium” the invention of computer,the invention of telephone…
T:Do these achievements have anything in common?
Ss:Yes.
T:What do they have in common?
Ss:They are all important and useful for the development of mankind and society.
T:That’s right.Next,let’s do some listening about scientific achievement.
Step Ⅲ Listening
T:The listening material contains two parts.You are going to hear some words said by some famous people at the time when they achieved success.Can you follow me?
Ss:Yes.
T:Well,now look at the chart in Exercise 1 at the top of Page 2 quickly.Then I’ll play the first part of the tape for you to complete it.After that,I’ll check your answers.
(After checking the answers to Exercise 1,teacher goes on to deal with Exercise 2)
T:Well done.Now,listen to Part 2 and complete the sentences in Exercise 2.If necessary,I’ll play it twice for you to finish or check your answers.OK?
Ss:OK.
T:I’ll play it.Listen carefully!
(At last,teacher deals with Exercise 3.)
T:OK.So much for the tape.Now imagine you were the first person on Mars,or the first cloned human being or the first person to travel in time,what would you say?Any volunteer?
S1:If I were the first person on Mars,I would say “I’m here from the earth.”…
S2:…
T:Wonderful.If you want to do research about something,besides hard work,what else do you need?
Ss:Modern equipment and money,especially money.You get enough money,and then you get the equipment you need.Funds are essential for doing research.
T:You are right.Now,please look at the Speaking part.
Step Ⅳ Speaking
T:Here are four scientists who want to get money to complete their project.Each scientist will have to introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important.Now,I’ll put you in groups of five to have a discussion.Four group members represent scientists;one member will listen to all the scientists and ask questions.At the end of the discussion,he or she must decide who will get the money and why.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
T:And following the situation,there are some useful expressions.You can use them to express your intentions and wishes.Let’s go through them together before your discussion.
(Teacher and the students go through the expressions.After that,teacher puts the students in groups of five and gets them to prepare for a few minutes.At the end,teacher asks one or two groups to report their work to the rest of the class.)
A sample dialogue:
Organizer:Now,everybody is here.Who’d like to be the first to make a statement on this project?
Dr Wilson:I and my team are working on a cure for AIDS.As you know,the number of people infected with AIDS is keeping increasing at an astonishing speed.Some of them are facing death.As a result,we have to find a way to solve this problem as soon as possible.But,right now,the lack of money is a big problem.If we got enough money,we would complete the first stage of our project in the near future.
Organizer:I see.Dr Jones,how about you?
Dr Jones:At present,we are also facing the same problem of lacking money.My research project is about cloning and how to use new technology to cure disease.Today,more and more patients are expecting to get organ transplant in order to prolong their lives.I wish what I am doing could help them.
Organizer:I understand.Dr Smith,could you please give me your opinions on your project?
Dr Smith:For humankind on the earth,food is a fundamental factor,and as the population keeps growing,per capitation resourse of people is becoming less and less.My plan is to develop new technology that will make it possible to grow food with very little water. However, currently, the shortage of money prevents my work from further going.I hope you can give me a hand on my project.
Organizer:It sounds a good idea.Dr Winfrey,it’s your turn now.
Dr Winfrey:It’s ceaseless for human beings to explore the universe.That’s why we are urgent to know what the Mars looks like and if there is any life on it.I’m thinking of sending a manned spaceship to Mars.Nevertheless,this huge project will surely cost a large sum of money.And I don’t think we can get to the aim without your support.
Organizer:So,everyone has finished their statements on their own project.Frankly speaking,they all sound tempting to me,but I’m more inclined to the project suggested by Dr Smith.From my point of view,it’s more closely related to the daily life of people and in accord with the actual condition of our country.I’d like to pour money into his project.
Step Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we’ve mainly talked about scientific achievement.Centering on this topic,we did some listening and speaking.This way,we’ve learnt more about science and scientific achievement.Moreover,we’ve learnt some useful expressions to express intentions and wishes,such as “If I got the money,I would…;My plan is to…;…”(Teacher writes them on the blackboard.)After class,try to practise using them and preview the reading part.So much for today.Goodbye,everyone.
Ss:Goodbye,Mr/Ms…
Step Ⅵ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The First Period
Ⅰ.Scientific achievement:
electricity,cars,aeroplanes,radio and television,the Internet,cloning,genetic engineering,the Theory of Gravity,nuclear science,solar energy
Ⅱ.How to express intentions and wishes:
If I got the money,I would…
My plan is to…
I hope that…
I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…
I’d like to…
I’m thinking of…
Step Ⅶ Record after Teaching
The Second Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following words and phrases.
likely,zone,private,grasp,master,perfect,arrange,set foot(in),rely on,failure,locate,valley
2.Train the students’ reading ability.
3.Get the students to learn about Zhongguancun-China’s Silicon Valley.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn to use the following:
(1)Phrases:
in store,set foot in(on),rely on,come to life,put forward
(2)Sentence patterns:
It is likely that…
…makes it clear that…
2.Improve the students’ reading ability.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students understand the reading material exactly.
Teaching Methods:
1.Discussion before reading to make the students interested in what they will read.
2.Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.
3.Careful reading to get the detailed information.
4.Pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision and Pre-reading
T:Yesterday,we talked about science and scientific achievement.We know scientific achievements can not only make our life better,but also change the world.Science makes the world become a smaller place.Science and scientific achievement promote the development of mankind and society.Is that so?
Ss:Yes.
T:However,to achieve success in science research is not easy.It needs to work whole- heartedly.It also needs support and good environment.Now,please look at the questions on the screen and work in pairs or groups to discuss them.Let’s go through them first.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.If you wanted to do research or start a company,what kind of support and environment would you need?
2.What is it that makes a scientific achievement important?
3.Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?
(Teacher and the students go through the questions together.Then the students begin to discuss them for a few minutes.At the end,teacher checks their work briefly.)
T:OK,everyone.Are you ready now?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who’d like to talk about the first question briefly?Any volunteer?
S1:If I wanted to do research or start a company,the support and environment I would need are as follows:1.a proper site;2.enough money;3.support from family and friends;4.modern equipment;5.good working conditions where what I’ve learnt can be fully used.
T:Well done.The second question?
S2:The scientific achievement can better serve the society and promote the development of society.
T:Great.The last one?
S3:Because scientists expect to realize their own value and make a due contribution to the society.It’s worth spending so much time on great work.
T:Well,you all did a good job.As is known to everyone,science and technology in our country is rapidly developing.And it is also well-known that there is a new centre for Chinese science and technology in Beijing.What is the name of the center?
Ss:Zhongguancun.
T:Quite right.Today we’re going to read a passage about it.First,let’s learn the new words.Look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the new words on the screen and deals with them as usual.)
likely /′laIklI/ adj. 可能的；預期的
△economic // adj. 經濟的；經濟學的；有實用價值的
zone /zn/ n. 區；區域；地帶
△hi-tech /′hａIｔｅｋ/ n. 高科技；高技術(=high technology)
△private /′ｐｒａIvIt/ adj. 私立的；私人的；非公開的
△technological /,ｔｅｋｎ′ｌｄIｋｌ/ adj. 技術（學）的；工藝（學）的
△overseas /,ｖ′ｓｉｚ/ adj. （在）海外的；（在）國外的 adv. 在海外；在國外
grasp /rsp/ vt. 抓��；抓牢；理解
master /′mｓｔ (r)/ n. 碩士；（男）主人；能手
perfect /′pfIkt/ adj. 完美的；理想的；絕對的
arrange /肌洌ｅｎｄ/ vt. 安排；籌劃；整理；布置
set foot(in) 到達；進入；踏上
△IT /aI′ti/ abbr.(=information technology) 信息技術；信息產業
△Lenovo /l′nv/ n. 聯想公司
△Founder /′faｎｄ (r)/ n. 方正公司
rely /rI′laI/ vi. 依靠；依賴；信賴；指望
rely on 依靠；依賴；信賴；指望
failure /′feIlj (r)/ n. 失敗；失敗的人（事）
locate /l′ｋｅIｔ/ vt. （常用被動語態）把……設置在；使……坐落于；指出……的位置
△silicon /′sIlIkn/ n. 硅
valley /′vｌI/ n. 低凹處（尤指波谷）；山谷；溪谷
Step Ⅲ Reading
T:Well,now please open your books at Page 3.Read the passage-Zhongguancun quickly in four minutes and find out the answers to the following two questions:
1.What kind of spirit has made Zhongguancun a success?
2.What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?
(Teacher writes the two questions above on the blackboard.Four minutes later,teacher checks the answers.)
T:Well.Time is up.Are you ready now?
Ss:Yes.
T:Wei Hua,can you answer the first question?
S4:Yes.It is the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that has made Zhongguancun a success.
T:Quite right.Hu Yue,try the second question.
S5:One is “Relying on science,technology,and knowledge to increase economic power.”The other is “Encouraging pioneering work and accepting failure.”
T:Well done.Now,please read the passage carefully again.Pay attention to some detailed information.Then work in pairs to finish the first exercise in Post-reading.
(A few minutes later,teacher checks the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.A B C 2.D 3.C D 4.B 5.C D
T:Well done.You’ve understood it better.However,in order that you can use the language freely and correctly.I’ll explain some phrases and sentences to you.Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen and explains them to the students.)
1.in store(for sb./sth.):coming in the future;about to happen
e.g.There is a surprise in store for you.
I can see trouble in store.
2.set foot in/on sth.:enter or visit(a place);arrive
e.g.Don’t ever set foot in this house again!
Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.
3.rely on/upon:depend on…
e.g.Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.
You can rely on it that it will rain this week.
4.come to life:back to normal state,esp. of mind
e.g.As soon as the mother came to life,she cried for her daughter.
After three hours’ saving,the injured man came to life.
5.It is likely that…(Note:likely→probable)
e.g. It is very likely that she’ll ring me tonight.
It isn’t likely to rain.
She is very likely to ring me tonight.
6.…make it clear that…
(Note:make→cause…to be or become…)
e.g.She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.
She made clear her objections.
(Bb:in store,set foot in/on,rely on/upon,come to life,It is likely that,…make it clear that…)
Step Ⅳ Listening and Reading Aloud
T:OK.Now,please listen to the tape of the passage,paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation.Then read it aloud by yourselves and try to understand the phrases and sentences learnt just now.See what I mean?
Ss:Yes.
(Teacher begins to play the tape.)
Step Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we’ve learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage.As a new center of science and technology,it is known to the world.It is said that it is called “China’s Silicon Valley”.Do you know “Silicon Valley”?Where is it?
Ss:Yes.In the USA.
T:How much do you know about it?Any volunteer?
S6:It is home to the high-tech industry.Thousands of high technology companies are headquartered there.
T:Yes.After class,use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley and then compare the two areas.How are they similar or different?Do you see my point?
Ss:Yes.
T:Besides,we’ve learnt some useful phrases and sentences.Remember to review the use of them.That’s all for today.See you next time.
Ss:See you next time.
Step Ⅵ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Second Period
Ⅰ.Zhongguancun
1.What kind of spirit has made Zhongguancun a success?
2.What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?
Ⅱ.Phrases:
in store,set foot in/on,rely on/upon,come to life
Ⅲ.Sentence patterns:
1.It is likely that…
2.…make it clear that…
Step Ⅶ Record after Teaching
The Third Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following words:
brand,luggage,achieve,organ
2.Review the words appearing in the last two periods.
3.Learn about Word Formation.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn some words which are closest in meaning.
2.Study the ways of forming a word.
3.Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students master some knowledge of Word Formation.
Teaching Methods:
1.Doing exercises to review the learnt words.
2.Studying and practising to master the ways of forming a word.
3.Pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision
T:In the last period,we read the passage Zhongguancun and learned much about it.Now,can you tell me something about it?Han Fei,you try,please.
S1:Zhongguancun,in Beijing’s Haidian District,is the new centre for Chinese science and technology.The centre itself got started in the early 1980s and was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s.Then it quickly became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry.A growing number of overseas have returned to China and grasped the opportunity to develop their ideas at Zhongguancun.Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science.Today,there are more than 8 000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun,more than half of which are IT companies.What has made Zhongguancun a success is the spirit of creativity and scientific skill.
T:Very good.Thank you.Sit down,please.We all know Zhongguancun is the leader of China’s hi-tech industry as Silicon Valley in the USA.So sometimes it is called China’s Silicon Valley.In the last class,I asked you to use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley and then compare the two areas.Now who’d like to tell us how similar or different they are?Any volunteer?
S2:Both Zhongguancun and Silicon Valley are home to Internet industry as well as hi-tech companies,most of which are founded by students,faculty and staff members from the surrounding universities.However,as a fledgling hi-tech community,Zhongguancun has many differences from Silicon Valley.Silicon Valley has evolved a culture that is tuned to market-driven innovation,while in Zhongguancun,innovation is still largely driven by technology.In addition,investors in Silicon Valley are frequently an integral parts of companies day-to-day operations.While in Zhongguancun,investors has been used only as a source of financing.
T:Nice work.Besides,we learned some new words in the passage.Do you still remember them?Let’s do an exercise.Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Find the right explanation for each word.
1.zone 2.significant 3.institute 4.achievement 5.announce 6.grasp 7.giant 8.perfect
A.something you have worked hard for and done well
B.to say something in public
C.to take hold of something firmly
D.a group of people who want to study a special thing,or the building used by such a group
E.without any fault or bad points
F.large and important;having a special meaning
G:unusually large person,animal,plant,business organization,etc.
H.area or region with a particular feature or use
T:Find the right explanation for each of the words.I give you two minutes to prepare.Then I’ll check the answers.
Suggested answers:
1.-H 2.-F 3.-D 4.-A 5.-B 6.-C 7.-G 8.-E
Step Ⅲ Word Study
T:Well done.Now,please open your books at Page 5.We’ll deal with Word Study.First,Word Study.Then,Word Formation.Look at the exercise in Word Study now.Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part.First,do it by yourself.Then check the answers with your partner.In the end,I’ll collect the right answers.
Suggested answers:
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C
Step Ⅳ Word Formation
T:Now,let’s study Word Formation.First,look at the words on the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
international=inter-+national
telephone=tele-+phone
mankind=man+kind
broadband=broad+band
extremely=extreme+-ly
manned=man+-ed
hi-tech=high+technology
e-school=electronic school
IT=information technology
CSA=Chinese Space Agency
T:You are given two minutes to study the words and find out the ways of forming a word.Then I’ll ask some students to explain how they are formed.
(Two minutes later.)
T:Time is up.Are you ready?
Ss:Yes.
T:Chen Wei,you try,please.
S:Some of them are formed with prefixes in front of the stems,such as “international” and “telephone”,while some of them are formed with suffixes at the end of the stems,such as “extremely” and “manned”.Both of these two ways of forming a word are called derivation.
(Bb:derivations:international,telephone,extremely,manned)
T:Very good.Sit down,please.Liu Hui,can you have a try?
S:OK.“mankind” and “broadband” are compounds,composed of two words,“hi-tech” and “e-school” are short forms of compounds;“IT” and “CSA” are also short forms.
(Bb:compounds:mankind,broadband short forms:hi-tech,e-school,IT,CSA)
T:Well done.Sit down,please.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Now,please look at the stems and affixes on the screen.Match each of them with the right meaning on the right.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
trans- carry
-graph see
tele- below
super- life
co- together/with
vis- more than usual
bio- far
sub- across
-port- riting
T:You are given two minutes to prepare.Then I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
trans-=across tele-=far
co-=together/with bio-=life
vis-=see -graph=writing
-port-=carry sub-=below
super-=more than usual
T:Well done.I think you’ve learnt more about Word Formation,including the ways of forming a word and the meanings of some stems and affixes.This will make it easy for you to guess the meaning of words using context clues.Please look at the screen.Let’s do another exercise.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.
1.______ Many countries import most of the oil they use.
2.______He studied biophysics at college.
3.______It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.
4.______All your luggage will be transported to the destination by train.
5.______My cousin has an excellent voice.Her dream is to become a superstar.
(Teacher asks some students to do it.One student,one sentence.)
Suggested answers:
1.進口 2.生命物理 3.合作 4.運輸 5.超級歌星
Step Ⅴ Consolidation
T:OK.Now please open your books at Page 6 and look at Part 4.Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed.First,look at the given example to make sure you know how to do it.Then work in pairs to finish it.After a few minutes,I’ll check your answers.See what I mean?
Ss:Yes.
Suggested answers:
showcase=show+case
breakthrough=break+through
bioengineering=bio-+engineering
outstanding=out+standing
enable=en-+able
restore=re-+store
indirectly=indirect+-ly
strengthen=strength+-en
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework
T:Well.Let’s see what we’ve learnt in this class.First,we’ve reviewed the words learnt in the last period.Then,we’ve learnt about Word Formation(1).We’ve learnt some ways of forming a word,such as derivation,compound and short form.This way,we know how to guess new words according to the meanings of the stems and affixes as well as the context clues.After class,please review what we’ve learnt in this class and preview the next part in this unit-Integrating Skills.That’s all for today.See you next time.
Ss:See you next time.
Step Ⅶ The Design of the Writing on theBlackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Third Period
Word Formation(1)
Ways of forming a word:
a.derivation:international,telephone,extremely,manned
b.compound:mankind,broadband
c.short form:hi-tech,e-school,IT,CSA
Step Ⅷ Record after Teaching
The Fourth Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following words and phrases:
boom,put forward,breakthrough,agency,announce,evolution,supercomputer
2.Train the students’ integrating skills,especially reading and writing skills.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Help the students understand the passages exactly and master the following words and phrases:put forward,aim at,announce,map out
2.Learn to write a persuasion essay to train the students’ writing ability.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students finish the task of writing.
Teaching Methods:
1.Fast and then careful reading to improve the students’ reading ability.
2.Learning tips to help the students learn to write a persuasion essay.
3.Individual,pair or group work to make the students finish each task.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision and Lead-in
T:Yesterday,we learned a lot about Word Formation.We know some words are derivatives,some are compounds,and others are short forms.Can you give me some examples for each way of forming a word?Give a few derivations,please?
S1:unhappy,happiness,happily,friendship…
T:Some compounds?
S2:blackboard,firefighter,hard-working,handbag…
T:Some short forms?
S3:e-book,e-mail,UFO,DNA,WTO,OPEC…
T:You all did a good job.Now,please look at the screen and do the exercise.Three minutes later,I’ll check your answers.
(Show the following on the screen.)
Study the sentences and guess the meaning of each underlined word.Explain how the word is formed.
1.The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
2.She has written good essays before,but this one is substandard.
3.He is a kind of intellectual superman.
4.The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate (with each other).
5.Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil.
6.Have you read an e-book?
7.When did China join the WTO?
8.They helped us to map out a long-term plan.
Suggested answers:
1.output=out+put 產量
2.substandard=sub-+standard 低于標準的，不夠標準的
3.superman=super-+man 超人
4.intercommunicate=inter-+communicate 互相聯系
5.transplant=trans-+plant 移植
6.e-book=electronic+book 電子圖書
7.WTO=World Trade Organization 世貿組織
8.long-term=long+term 長期的
T:Well done.In this unit,we’ve learned much about science and scientific achievement.Can you give an example of scientific achievement of China?
Ss:On Oct.15,2003,Shenzhou Ⅴ was successfully sent up into space,realizing the Chinese dream of manned space flight.
T:Yes.It’s really a significant science achievement.Since the early 1990s,China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technological development.In many fields,China has achieved great success.Today,we’ve going to read about some scientific achievements in China.First,let’s learn the new words.
(Teacher shows the screen and deals with the new words.)
boom /bu：m/ n. （經濟、工商業等的）繁榮（期），迅速發展期；（營業等的）激增
put forward 提出；建議；推薦
△rejuvenate /rI′dｕ：ｖｎｅIｔ/ vt. 使返老還童；使恢復（青春）活力
breakthrough /′breIk，ｒｕ：/ n. （知識或技術領域的）重大突破；重大進展（發現）；（軍事上的）突圍
△impressive /Im′presIv/ adj. 激動人心的；感人的；給人深刻印象的
agency /′eIdｎｓI/ n.（行政或職能）機構；代理機構
announce /′nans/ vt. 宣布，宣告
△genome /′di：nm/ n. 基因組；染色體組
△element /′elImnt/ n. 元素；要素；組成部分
evolution /ｉ：ｖ′ｌｕ：ｎ/ n. 發展；展開
△byte /baIt/ n. ［計］字節；比特
supercomputer /,sjuｐｋｍ′ｐｊｕｔ (r)/ n. 超級計算機
△humanoid /′hjuｍｎId/ adj. 具有人的形狀或特點的；類人的
Step Ⅲ Reading
T:OK.Now please open your books at Page 7.Look at Reading and Writing.Read each passage quickly and find out the answers to the following two questions on the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?
2.Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?
(After a while,teacher checks the answers.)
T:Have you found the answers?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who’d like to answer the first question?
S4:The plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education”.
T:Quite right.The other question?
S5:Exploring space,genetic research,computer engineering and medical science.
(Teacher writes the answers above on the blackboard.)
T:Nice work.Now,please read the passages again carefully,trying to understand them more exactly and pay attention to some detailed information.After that,work in groups to complete the chart after the passages according to what you’ve learnt from the text.After four minutes,I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
Exploring space
Achievements:The Chinese space Agency has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series.
Importance:The rockets are used to prepare for the nation’s first manned space flight.
Genetic research
Achievements:Chinese scientists have completed mapping out their part of the international human genetic project.
Importance:It has proved that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.It helps to solve the mysteries of life.
Computer engineering
Achievements:Chinese computer engineers have developed the supercomputer Shenwei.
Importance:The nation’s first humanoid robot has been built.
Medical science
Achievements:Scientists have been able to create a chemical element that can fight cancer cells.
Importance:The breakthrough makes the cure of deadly disease possible.
(After that,teacher deals with the language points.)
T:Nice work.I think you must have understood the text very well.Now,let’s learn some useful words and expressions.Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen and gives brief explanations to make sure the students understand how to use them correctly.)
1.put forward:advance,propose or suggest sth. for discussion
e.g.He is putting forward radical proposals for electoral reform.
2.aim at:intend or try to do sth.
e.g.We must aim at increasing exports.
3.announce:make(sth.) known publicly
e.g.They announced their engagement to the family.
Have they announced when the race will begin?
4.map out:present sth. in detail
e.g.He mapped out his ideas on the news project.
(Bb:put forward,aim at,announce,map out)
Step Ⅳ Listening and Reading Aloud
T:Now,I’ll play the tape for you to listen.The first time,listen and follow.The second time,listen and repeat.Is that clear?
Ss:Yes.
(Teacher begins to play the tape.)
Step Ⅴ Writing
T:Well,up to now,we’ve read a lot about scientific achievements.Which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievements?Prepare for a few minutes.Then I’ll collect them from you.
Suggested words:
significant,outstanding,breakthrough…
(Then teacher deals with Writing.)
T:Very good.Now,please look at the Writing part.You’ve been asked by the magazine Modern Science to help them choose the greatest scientific achievement ever.Write a short essay,telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think that it is the most important.Are you clear about what to do now?
Ss:Yes.
T:In order that you can write your essay better.You’d better read and study the tips at Page 8 carefully before writing your essay.You can begin now.If time permits,I’ll ask some students to read their essay to the rest of the class.A sample essay:
The publication of the detailed structure of 99% of the human genome is the culmination of one of the largest scientific undertakings in history.Initiated in 1990,the Human Genome Project involved the cooperative work of hundreds of scientists in 20 sequencing centres in countries including China,France,Germany,Great Britain,Japan and the United States.
The achievement is important.Not only has it given a glimpse into the extraordinary complexity of the structure of human DNA but it has also demonstrated the huge potential of cooperative scientific endeavour organized on an international basis.
Moreover,the project’s completion has already produced medical breakthrough,scientists assert that the achievement can assist research into cancers such as leukemia,and may also extend far beyond to the other deadly diseases.
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework
T:Now let’s see what we’ve learnt in this class.First,we’ve read about some China’s significant achievements in science and technology.We know Chinese history is filled with great achievements,not only in the past,but also today.Science and technology makes a country richer and stronger.Science and technology also makes society develop and progress.Do you think so?
Ss:Yes.
T:Second,we’ve practised writing a persuasion essay.We can use some words to describe scientific achievement.Moreover,we’ve learnt some useful words and phrases such as put forward,announce…After class,please practise more to develop your ability to use English.So much for today.Goodbye.
Ss:Goodbye.
Step Ⅶ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Fourth Period
Ⅰ.Areas
exploring space
genetic research
computer engineering
medical science
Ⅱ.Words and phrases:
put forward
aim at
announce
map out
Step Ⅷ Record after Teaching