全國(guó)二、三級(jí)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試真題

　　通過(guò)練習(xí)歷年真題，考生可以在模擬的考試環(huán)境中提前適應(yīng)，有助于減少考試時(shí)的緊張情緒，提高應(yīng)試心理素質(zhì)。以下是小編為大家收集的全國(guó)二、三級(jí)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試真題，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

　　全國(guó)二、三級(jí)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試真題1

　　CATTI三級(jí)筆譯 A卷

　　【英譯漢】（Financial Times 2017）：

　　At 51, Cathy McDonnell wanted to put her Oxford physics degree and former experience crunching data at Qinetiq to better use. She had worked part-time in a school for several years while her three children were young, but she wanted to get back into the corporate world.

　　Several applications later, all for jobs in her former field of defence, she was getting nowhere. Then a friend told her about “returnships”, a form of later-life work experience that some companies are experimenting with to help older people — mainly women — return to work, often after breaks to care for families.

　　Cathy eventually secured a place on an 11-week “Career Returners” programme with O2, open to men and women, which included being buddied with a 20-year-old male student who was also with the company on work experience. He helped to acquaint her with new technology, such as using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual private network from her laptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.

　　“On the assessment day, I thought they must have been looking at my project management skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles. They were just thinking, ‘These women have a lot to offer, let’s see what they can do.’ That was refreshing.”

　　In fact, by hiring female returnees, companies can access hard skills these women developed in their former high-level jobs — and for a discount. In return, employers coach older females back into working life.Through her returnship, Ms McDonnell gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant, handling projects within service management at O2.She still is earning less than she would like to. “But it’s a foot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,” she says.

　　It is still overwhelmingly women who stay home to care for young families. UK government figures show that women account for around 90 per cent of people on extended career breaks for caring reasons.

　　A lack of middle-aged women working, particularly in highly skilled roles, is costing the UK economy 50bn a year, according to a report. The report found that men over 50 took home nearly two-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in 2015. It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled, part-time roles older women often accept. Some 41 per cent of women in work in the UK do so part-time, as opposed to only 11 per cent of men.

　　A study last year by economists found “robust evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women” in a range of white and blue-collar jobs. The data show that it is harder for older women to find jobs than it is for older men regardless of whether they have taken a break from working.

　　【漢譯英】（《網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間國(guó)際合作戰(zhàn)略》）：

　　現(xiàn)在，以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為代表的信息技術(shù)迅速發(fā)展，引領(lǐng)了生產(chǎn)新變革，創(chuàng)造了人類生活新空間，拓展了國(guó)家治理新領(lǐng)域。中國(guó)大力實(shí)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略、國(guó)家信息化戰(zhàn)略、國(guó)家大數(shù)據(jù)戰(zhàn)略、“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。中國(guó)大力發(fā)展電子商務(wù)，推動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合發(fā)展，改善資源配置。這些措施為推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展、轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)揮積極作用。

　　中國(guó)歡迎公平、開放、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)，在自身發(fā)展的同時(shí)，致力于推動(dòng)全球數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。中國(guó)主張自由貿(mào)易，反對(duì)貿(mào)易壁壘和貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義。我們希望建立開放、安全的數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境，確保互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新服務(wù)。我們主張互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入應(yīng)公平、普遍。中國(guó)愿加強(qiáng)同其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和信息技術(shù)方面的交流與合作。我們應(yīng)共同推進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新，確保所有人都能平等分享數(shù)字紅利，實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

　　三級(jí)筆譯 B卷

　　【英譯漢】：

　　In December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were found. Scientists believe that It was caused by a previously unknown virus- Now named COVID-19.

　　Coronaviruses have the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called "corona" and thats how these viruses got their name. There are different types of coronaviruses that cause respiratory and sometimes gastrointestinal of symptoms.

　　Its known that coronaviruses circulate in a range of animals. But the animals which transmit COVID-19 are not known yet. And the exact dynamics of how the virus is transmitted is yet to be determined.

　　From what is known so far, there can be a number of symptoms ranging from mild to severe. There can be fever and respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, theres been pneumonia, kidney failure and death. There is currently no specific medication for the virus and treatment is supportive care. There is currently no vaccine to protect against the virus. Treatment and vaccines are in development.

　　Nevertheless, we are committed to combatting the COVID-19 epidemic. Its certainly troubling that so many people and countries have been affected, so quickly. Now that the virus has a foothold in so many countries, the threat of a pandemic has become very real. But it would be the first pandemic in history that could be controlled. The bottom line is: we are not at the mercy of this virus.

　　The great advantage we have is that the decisions we all make-as governments, businesses, communities, families and individuals can influence the trajectory of the epidemic. We need to remember that with decisive, early action, we can slow down the virus and prevent infections. Among those who are infected, most will recover.

　　Its also important to remember that looking only at the total number of reported cases and the total number of countries doesnt tell the full story. This is an uneven epidemic at the global level. Different countries are in different scenarios, requiring a tailored response. Its not about containment or mitigation. Its about both.

　　All countries must take a comprehensive blended strategy for controlling their epidemics and pushing this deadly virus back. Countries that continue finding and testing cases and tracing their contacts not only protect their own people, they can also affect what happens in other countries and globally. The WHO has consolidated its guidance for countries in four categories: those with no case; those with sporadic cases; those with clusters; and those with community transmission. For all countries, the aim is the same: stop transmission and prevent the spread of the virus.

　　For the first three categories, countries must focus on finding, testing, treating and isolating individual cases and following their contacts. In areas with community spread, testing every suspected case and tracing their contacts become more challenging. Action must be taken to prevent transmission at the community level to reduce the epidemic to manageable clusters.

　　【漢譯英】

　　水稻是世界上最主要的糧食作物之一，世界上一半以上人口（包括中國(guó) 60%以上人口）都以稻米作為主食。中國(guó)是世界上最早種植水稻的國(guó)家，至今已有 7000 年左右的'歷史，當(dāng) 前水稻產(chǎn)量占全國(guó)糧食作物產(chǎn)量近一半。水稻作為主要的糧食，無(wú)論對(duì)中國(guó)還是對(duì)世界的重要性都是不言而喻的。中國(guó)在超級(jí)雜 交水稻（super hybrid rice）生產(chǎn)方面成就突出，關(guān)鍵人物便是袁隆平。被譽(yù)為“中國(guó)雜交水 稻之父”。他的名字不僅在中國(guó)家喻戶曉，在國(guó)際上也享有盛譽(yù)。袁隆平于上世紀(jì) 60 年代開始雜交水稻研究。他帶領(lǐng)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)使中國(guó)雜交水稻一直領(lǐng)先 于世界水平，不僅不斷實(shí)現(xiàn)雜交水稻的高產(chǎn)量目標(biāo)，而且在生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中不斷推廣應(yīng)用，從實(shí)際上解決了中國(guó)人吃飯難的問(wèn)題。袁隆平還多次到美國(guó)、印度等國(guó)家傳授技術(shù)，為 30 多個(gè) 國(guó)家和地區(qū)的政府官員和科研工作者講學(xué)，促進(jìn)雜交水稻技術(shù)造福世界。

　　1987 年 11 月 3 日，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織在巴黎總部向袁隆平頒發(fā)科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，認(rèn)為他的科研成果是“第二次綠色革命”。2004年，袁隆平獲得世界糧食獎(jiǎng)（the World Food Prize），表彰 他為人類提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富、數(shù)量充足的糧食所做出的突出貢獻(xiàn)。

　　全國(guó)二、三級(jí)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試真題2

　　2023年11月CATTI全國(guó)翻譯資格考試二級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題及答案

　　英譯漢 Passage One

　　Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. Providing women and girls with equal access to education, health care, decent work, and representation in political and economic decision-making processes will fuel sustainable economies and benefit societies and humanity at large. Therefore, gender equality and womens empowerment are one of the overarching priorities of UNESCO.

　　性別平等不僅是一項(xiàng)基本人權(quán)，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)世界和平、繁榮和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必要基礎(chǔ)。為女性提供平等的教育、醫(yī)療保健、體面工作以及確保她們?cè)谡�治和�?jīng)濟(jì)決策過(guò)程中的代表權(quán)，將促進(jìn)可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，并在更大層面造福社會(huì)和全人類。因此，堅(jiān)持性別平等，賦予婦女權(quán)力是教科文組織的首要優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)之一。

　　This is a strategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal is to achieve gender equality.

　　這是一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略性策略，旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)男女平等。因此，無(wú)論男性和女性，他們的關(guān)切和經(jīng)歷都要融入所有政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)領(lǐng)域政策和方案的設(shè)計(jì)、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)測(cè)和評(píng)估，從而使男女平等受益，阻止不平等現(xiàn)象的持續(xù)蔓延。

　　Increasing attention is being placed on gender equality issues globally, buoyed by several legal and normative instruments: conventions and declarations. Chief among these are the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. The latter, which was the outcome of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, in 1995, emphasizes the key role of media to promote gender equality in all spheres; all stake-holders are called to join forces to combat “stereotyping of women and inequality in women’s access to and participation in all communication systems, especially in the media”. UNESCO’s commitment and strategy to this end is pursued through a two-fold approach: (i) gender-specific programming and (ii) taking gender-focused actions in all of UNESCO’s fields work.

　　性別平等問(wèn)題日益在全球引發(fā)關(guān)注，也得益于若干法律和規(guī)范性文書（公約和宣言）的出臺(tái)，其中最主要的是《消除對(duì)婦女一切形式歧視公約》和《北京宣言和行動(dòng)綱要》。后者是1995年聯(lián)合國(guó)第四次婦女問(wèn)題世界會(huì)議的成果，強(qiáng)調(diào)媒體在促進(jìn)所有領(lǐng)域兩性平等方面的關(guān)鍵作用，并呼吁所有利益關(guān)聯(lián)方攜手破除對(duì)“對(duì)婦女的陳舊觀念，消除婦女獲得和參與信息交流領(lǐng)域尤其是媒介領(lǐng)域所遭遇的不平等現(xiàn)象”。教科文組織在這方面的承諾和戰(zhàn)略是通過(guò)兩種方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的：（1）根據(jù)性別設(shè)計(jì)的計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目；（2）在教科文組織的所有領(lǐng)域工作中實(shí)施性別關(guān)注行動(dòng)。

　　UNESCO’s Communication and Information Sector has fully embraced this commitment and has engaged globally in a wide range of gender-specific initiatives across its divisions and main actions. Equality between women and men working in the media, and equality in news reporting on women and men, are of equal importance and are being stridently pursued. In cooperation with the International Federation of Journalists and many other partners, UNESCO has adopted this global framework of Gender-Sensitive Indicators for Media (GSIM). These indicators have been developed to enable effective assessment of related development in the media.

　　教科文組織的傳播和信息部門積極踐行這個(gè)承諾，并在全球范圍內(nèi)在其各部門和主要行動(dòng)中采取了針對(duì)性舉措。實(shí)現(xiàn)在媒介組織和媒介內(nèi)容男女平等具有同等的重要性，也是我們一直在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。教科文組織與國(guó)際記者聯(lián)合會(huì)和許多其他合作伙伴合作，通過(guò)了這一全球媒體性別敏感指標(biāo)框架協(xié)議，以有效評(píng)估媒體的相關(guān)發(fā)展。

　　In order to further enrich the GSIM resource, and as a fundamental step for its completion, a second round of consultation was carried out online with UNESCO media partners globally. Broadcasting and print associations contributed comments, suggestions and insights to further enhance the document. The consultation with these associations was essential because it enables UNESCO to embed into the GSIM the perspectives of these key partners. This enables us to stress that use of the GSIM is not an attempt to limit freedom of expression and the independence of media, but to voluntarily enrich these underlying characteristics. UNESCO is confident that, if fully implemented, the GSIM will produce an impact in both qualitative and quantitative terms.

　　為了進(jìn)一步豐富媒體性別敏感指標(biāo)內(nèi)涵，實(shí)現(xiàn)指標(biāo)完善工作，教科文組織與其全球媒體合作伙伴在線進(jìn)行了第二輪磋商，吸納來(lái)自廣播和印刷協(xié)會(huì)這些關(guān)鍵合作伙伴提供的意見、建議和見解，以進(jìn)一步提高指標(biāo)質(zhì)量。與這些協(xié)會(huì)的協(xié)商是至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)樗�使教科文組織能夠?qū)⑦@些關(guān)鍵合作伙伴的觀點(diǎn)納入全球戰(zhàn)略信息管理。這樣做也使我們強(qiáng)調(diào)，使用性別敏感指標(biāo)并不是試圖限制了言論自由和媒體獨(dú)立性，而是自愿去充實(shí)指標(biāo)應(yīng)有之義。教科文組織相信，如果性別敏感指標(biāo)得到充分實(shí)施，其將對(duì)性別平等事業(yè)的質(zhì)和量都產(chǎn)生影響。

　　英譯漢 Passage Two

　　When rainfall is measured in feet, not inches, we are witnessing climate change bearing down on us. Catastrophic destruction tied to the Atlantic hurricane season, monsoon rains in Mumbai, and downpours in Niger are just a few of the many extreme weather events that are being intensified by global warming. While the rise of a few degrees in temperature may not be enough for a person to run a fever, that change is enough to radically impact the earth’s climate. By way of comparison, the earth was once rendered largely uninhabitable by a one to two-degree Celsius drop in temperature—an era now referred to as the Little Ice Age. In response to the threat posed by global climate change, most nations have committed to significant mitigation efforts, through the Paris Agreement, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

　　當(dāng)我們用英尺而不是英寸來(lái)衡量降雨量時(shí)，我們就能切身感受氣候變化的影響。全球變暖，極端天氣增多，例如與大西洋颶風(fēng)季節(jié)有關(guān)的災(zāi)難性破壞、孟買的季風(fēng)雨和尼日爾的洪災(zāi)。對(duì)于人類而言，氣溫上升幾度不足以讓人發(fā)燒，但對(duì)于地球來(lái)說(shuō)，影響確是根本性的。歷史上地球上的溫度僅僅下降了1到2攝氏度，地球一度變得基本上不適合居住——這個(gè)時(shí)代現(xiàn)在被稱為小冰河時(shí)代。為了應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化帶來(lái)的威脅，大多數(shù)國(guó)家作出重要努力，依據(jù)《巴黎協(xié)定》，減少溫室氣體排放，力求減緩全球變暖加劇。

　　But will these collective efforts be enough? Some scientists are trying another approach, exploring new tools to deliberately alter the global climate system. These discrete and diverse technologies are often grouped under the all-encompassing and poorly defined rubric of “climate engineering” or “geoengineering.” These radically different approaches aim to either halt the process of global warming by removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere or to counteract warming already under way.

　　但是，這些集體努力就足夠了嗎？一些科學(xué)家正在嘗試另一種方法，探索有意改變?nèi)�球氣候系統(tǒng)的新工具。這些不同而多樣的技術(shù)通常被歸為“氣候工程”或“地球工程”這一包羅萬(wàn)象的模糊術(shù)語(yǔ)。這些截然不同的方法旨在通過(guò)從大氣中清除溫室氣體來(lái)阻止全球變暖的進(jìn)程，或者采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)已經(jīng)在發(fā)生的變暖現(xiàn)象。

　　The problem is, while several tools seem to be gaining ground in computer models, laboratories, and even real-world experiments, public discussion has not kept pace with their advancement. To date, there has been too little transparency and international dialogue around the progress, feasibility, risks and benefits of these efforts. Climate engineering and current mitigation and adaptation efforts are not mutually exclusive. Experts generally agree that these new technological approaches alone are unlikely to provide adequate protection from the dangers posed by rising global temperatures.

　　但是問(wèn)題是，盡管這些工具措施通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)模擬、實(shí)驗(yàn)室及現(xiàn)實(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)都取得了進(jìn)展，但公眾卻對(duì)此并不知情，慢了半拍。迄今為止，圍繞這些努力的進(jìn)展、可行性、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和好處，其透明度不高和開展的國(guó)際對(duì)話也太少。事實(shí)上，氣候工程與當(dāng)前人們采取的緩解于適應(yīng)性措施并不是相互排斥的。另外，專家們普遍認(rèn)為，僅靠這些新的技術(shù)方法不太可能提供足夠的保護(hù)，以應(yīng)對(duì)來(lái)自全球氣溫上升帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。

　　In 1965, the Science Advisory Committee raised concerns about manmade climate change and warned that “man is unwittingly conducting a vast geophysical experiment.” More than 50 years later, the field of climate engineering remains largely unknown, especially to policymakers and the public.

　　1965年，科學(xué)咨詢委員會(huì)提出了對(duì)人為改變氣候變化的擔(dān)憂，并警告稱“人類正在無(wú)意中進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的地球物理實(shí)驗(yàn)�！�50多年后，氣候工程領(lǐng)域在很大程度上仍然未知，尤其是對(duì)決策者和公眾而言。

　　There are real risks to using or rejecting climate engineering. While it is tempting to be for or against climate engineering, what decision makers need to do now is to gather scientific facts and ask as many questions as possible about what the deployment of these technologies might mean for individuals, societies, nations and regions.

　　無(wú)論采取還是摒棄氣候工程都確實(shí)存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。雖然支持或反對(duì)氣候工程的理由都很具有說(shuō)服力，但決策者現(xiàn)在需要做的是掌握大量科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，并盡可能多地詢問(wèn)這些技術(shù)的運(yùn)用對(duì)個(gè)人、社會(huì)、國(guó)家和地區(qū)意味著什么。

　　漢譯英 Passage One

　　琴心和小核桃是兩個(gè)出生在2016年的`“萌妹子”。在臥龍國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)(National Nature Reserve）進(jìn)行了兩年的野化培訓(xùn)后，2018年12月27日，它們?cè)邶埾�一虹口�?guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)被放歸。當(dāng)時(shí)兩只熊貓接受了體檢，它們的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和各項(xiàng)生理指標(biāo)均正常。

　　兩只大熊貓放歸后，科研人員組成的監(jiān)測(cè)小組立即著手對(duì)它們進(jìn)行跟蹤監(jiān)測(cè)。無(wú)線電監(jiān)測(cè)、GPS數(shù)據(jù)下載及分析、大熊貓糞便樣品采集、生存環(huán)境調(diào)查、紅外相機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)等多種設(shè)備和手段的應(yīng)用，讓監(jiān)測(cè)隊(duì)員可以隨時(shí)掌握兩只熊貓的動(dòng)向。通過(guò)收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，開展野外研究，監(jiān)測(cè)人員希望了解兩個(gè)小家伙能否逐步適應(yīng)新的野外環(huán)境，融入野生大熊貓種群。

　　“我們保護(hù)區(qū)位于大熊貓分布區(qū)的中段，其顯著特點(diǎn)是直接聯(lián)系著岷山山系和邛山頂最大的大熊貓野生種群棲息地�！北Ｗo(hù)區(qū)虹口站站長(zhǎng)劉波表示，“這里是野生大熊貓生存、繁衍以及圈養(yǎng)（captive-bred）大熊貓放歸的天然走廊�！�

　　Qinxin (“Heart of Qin”) and Xiao Hetao (“Little Walnut”), two adorable pandas born in 2016, were released into Longxi - Hongkou National Nature Reserve on December 27, 2018 after two years of rewilding training in Wolong National Nature Reserve. Physical examination on the spot revealed that their growth and physiological indicators met all the required standards. Since their release, a dedicated team of researchers began to monitor the progress of the two animals, by harnessing radio monitoring systems, analyzing GPS data, collecting fecal samples, investigating their living environment, and deploying infrared camera detectors. Through data collection and field research, they could determine whether the pandas can accustom themselves to the new environment and fit into the wild panda population over time.

　　“This place is in the central section of the region where pandas are distributed. It is a direct link between the Minshan mountains and Qionglai mountains, both of which are the largest habitats of wild pandas,” said Liu Bo, head of Hongkou Station in the reserve. “It is not only a place where wild pandas live and reproduce, but also a natural corridor through which captive-bred pandas are reintroduced into the wilderness.”

　　漢譯英 Passage Two

　　污染防治攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)是全面建成小康社會(huì)決勝階段的三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)之一。目標(biāo)是到2020年生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善，主要污染物排放總量大幅減少，環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)得到有效管控。

　　The war on pollution is one of the three major campaigns launched by China in the decisive stage of its efforts to build a well-off society in all respects. The objective is to achieve an overall improvement in the ecological environment, a significant reduction in the emissions of major pollutants, and the effective control of environmental risks by 2020.

　　生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題本質(zhì)上是高資源消耗、高污染排放的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式造成的。所以我們必須提高資源開發(fā)利用效率，減少資源消耗，并將生態(tài)文明(ecological conservation）的要求融入到經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中，加快形成節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式。我們要加快建立健全五大生態(tài)文明體系，即生態(tài)文化體系、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系、目標(biāo)責(zé)任體系、生態(tài)文明制度體系和生態(tài)安全體系等。這些體系的建立有助于我們從根本上解決生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題。

　　Environmental issues are essentially results of an economic development model marked by excessive resource consumption and high pollutant emissions. Therefore, it is imperative to improve resource efficiency, reduce resource consumption, integrate environmental efforts into economic development, and facilitate the establishment of an industrial structure and way of life and work that is resource-efficient and environmentally-friendly, so as to provide time and space for nature to recover and develop. There is also a need to accelerate the construction of five systems surrounding ecological civilization in terms of culture, economy, objectives and accountability, institutions, and security, all of which, when established, will contribute to the fundamental resolution of environmental problems.

　　我們要樹立良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境是最大的民生福祉這一基本民生觀。堅(jiān)持生態(tài)為民，重點(diǎn)解決損害群眾健康的突出環(huán)境問(wèn)題。從打贏藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)到水污染防治、土壤污染防治、農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治、城市污水治理。還自然以寧?kù)o、和諧、美麗，不斷滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的對(duì)美好環(huán)境的要求。

　　In livelihood improvement, we must stay committed to the fundamental belief that an excellent ecological environment delivers the greatest wellbeing to the people. Therefore, guided by the mission of creating a high-quality environment for all, we take robust efforts to address pressing environmental problems that harm the public’s health. From winning the battle against air pollution to managing water pollution, land contamination and urban wastewater, and upgrading rural living conditions, our efforts are geared to restoring serenity, harmony, and beauty to nature and meeting the growing demand of the residents for a nice environment.

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