經典TED英語演講稿范文（精選44篇）

　　演講稿可以按照用途、性質等來劃分，是演講上一個重要的準備工作。在社會一步步向前發展的今天，越來越多人會去使用演講稿，相信寫演講稿是一個讓許多人都頭痛的問題，下面是小編精心整理的經典TED英語演講稿范文44篇，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇1

　　My generation really, sadly, is not going to change the numbers at the top. Theyre just not moving. We are not going to get to where 50 percent of the population — in my generation, there will not be 50 percent of [women] at the top of any industry. But Im hopeful that future generations can. I think a world where half of our countries and our companies were run by women, would be a better world. Its not just because people would know where the womens bathrooms are, even though that would be very helpful.I think it would be a better world. I have two children. I have a five-year-old son and a two-year-old daughter. I want my son to have a choice to contribute fully in the workforce or at home, and I want my daughter to have the choice to not just succeed, but to be liked for her accomplishments.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇2

　　They know each other more in the biblical sense as well. Message number three: Dont leave before you leave. I think theres a really deep irony to the fact that actions women are taking — and I see this all the time — with the objective of staying in the workforceactually lead to their eventually leaving. Heres what happens: Were all busy. Everyones busy. A womans busy. And she starts thinking about having a child, and from the moment she starts thinking about having a child, she starts thinking about making room for that child. "How am I going to fit this into everything else Im doing?" And literally from that moment, she doesnt raise her hand anymore, she doesnt look for a promotion, she doesnt take on the new project, she doesnt say, "Me. I want to do that." She starts leaning back.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇3

　　I said, "Youre thinking about this just way too early." But the point is that what happens once you start kind of quietly leaning back? Everyone whos been through this — and Im here to tell you, once you have a child at home, your job better be really good to go back, because its hard to leave that kid at home. Your job needs to be challenging. It needs to be rewarding. You need to feel like youre making a difference. And if two years ago you didnt take a promotion and some guy next to you did, if three years ago you stopped looking for new opportunities,youre going to be bored because you should have kept your foot on the gas pedal. Dont leave before you leave. Stay in. Keep your foot on the gas pedal, until the very day you need to leave to take a break for a child — and then make your decisions. Dont make decisions too far in advance, particularly ones youre not even conscious youre making.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇4

　　I think the cause is more complicated. I think, as a society, we put more pressure on our boys to succeedthan we do on our girls. I know men that stay home and work in the home to support wives with careers,and its hard. When I go to the Mommy-and-Me stuff and I see the father there, I notice that the other mommies dont play with him. And thats a problem, because we have to make it as important a job,because its the hardest job in the world to work inside the home, for people of both genders, if were going to even things out and let women stay in the workforce. Studies show that households with equal earning and equal responsibility also have half the divorce rate.And if that wasnt good enough motivation for everyone out there, they also have more — how shall I say this on this stage?

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇5

　　The problem is that — lets say she got pregnant that day, that day — nine months of pregnancy, three months of maternity leave, six months to catch your breath — Fast-forward two years, more often — and as Ive seen it — women start thinking about this way earlier — when they get engaged, or married, when they start thinking about having a child, which can take a long time. One woman came to see me about this. She looked a little young. And I said, "So are you and your husband thinking about having a baby?" And she said, "Oh no, Im not married." She didnt even have a boyfriend.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇6

　　e ice cream.

　　See, us kids are going to ansatically be happy and healthy.

　　es doe from Dr. Roger e of those parents like mine counted it as one of the reasons they felt confident to pull their kids from traditional school to try something different. I realized Im part of this small, but groputer hacker, he hacked skiing. His creativity and inventions made skiing munity, and through a net around the nation, and that sparked my love of e basic physics concepts like kinetic energy through experimenting and making mistakes.

　　My favorite munity organizations play a big part in my education, High Fives Foundations Basics program being aizing hats and selling them. The people cliff-to-cliff. Skiing to me is freedom, and so is my education, its about being creative; doing things differently, its about community and helping each other. Its about being happy and healthy among my very best friends.

　　So Im starting to think, I know what I might want to do when I grow up, but if you ask me what do I want to be when I grow up? Ill always know that I want to be happy. Thank you.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇7

　　In 20_ — not so long ago — a professor who was then at Columbia University took that case and made it [Howard] Roizen. And he gave the case out, both of them, to two groups of students. He changed exactly one word: "Heidi" to "Howard." But that one word made a really big difference. He then surveyed the students, and the good news was the students, both men and women, thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent, and that's good.The bad news was that everyone liked Howard. He's a great guy. You want to work for him. You want to spend the day fishing with him. But Heidi? Not so sure. She's a little out for herself. She's a little political.You're not sure you'd want to work for her. This is the complication. We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues, we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A, to reach for the promotion, to sit at the table, and we have to do it in a world where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that, even though for their brothers, there are not. The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this. And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me, but I think important.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇8

　　The problem with these stories is that they show what the data shows: women systematically underestimate their own abilities. If you test men and women, and you ask them questions on totally objective criteria like GPAs, men get it wrong slightly high, and women get it wrong slightly low. Women do not negotiate for themselves in the workforce. A study in the last two years of people entering the workforce out of college showed that 57 percent of boys entering, or men, I guess, are negotiating their first salary, and only seven percent of women. And most importantly, men attribute their success to themselves, and women attribute it to other external factors. If you ask men why they did a good job,they'll say, "I'm awesome. Obviously. Why are you even asking?" If you ask women why they did a good job, what they'll say is someone helped them, they got lucky, they worked really hard.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇9

　　Why does this matter? Boy, it matters a lot. Because no one gets to the corner office by sitting on the side, not at the table, and no one gets the promotion if they don't think they deserve their success, or they don't even understand their own success.I wish the answer were easy. I wish I could go tell all the young women I work for, these fabulous women,"Believe in yourself and negotiate for yourself. Own your own success." I wish I could tell that to my daughter. But it's not that simple. Because what the data shows, above all else, is one thing, which is that success and likeability are positively correlated for men and negatively correlated for women. And everyone's nodding, because we all know this to be true.There's a really good study that shows this really well. There's a famous Harvard Business School studyon a woman named Heidi Roizen. And she's an operator in a company in Silicon Valley, and she uses her contacts to become a very successful venture capitalist.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇10

　　In 20x — not so long ago — a professor who was then at Columbia University took that case and made it [Howard] Roizen. And he gave the case out, both of them, to two groups of students. He changed exactly one word: "Heidi" to "Howard." But that one word made a really big difference. He then surveyed the students, and the good news was the students, both men and women, thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent, and that's good.The bad news was that everyone liked Howard. He's a great guy. You want to work for him. You want to spend the day fishing with him. But Heidi? Not so sure. She's a little out for herself. She's a little political.You're not sure you'd want to work for her. This is the complication. We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues, we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A, to reach for the promotion, to sit at the table, and we have to do it in a world where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that, even though for their brothers, there are not. The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this. And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me, but I think important.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇11

　　I gave this talk at Facebook not so long ago to about 100 employees, and a couple hours later, there was a young woman who works there sitting outside my little desk, and she wanted to talk to me. I said, okay, and she sat down, and we talked. And she said, "I learned something today. I learned that I need to keep my hand up." "What do you mean?"She said, "You're giving this talk, and you said you would take two more questions. I had my hand up with many other people, and you took two more questions. I put my hand down, and I noticed all the women did the same, and then you took more questions, only from the men." And I thought to myself,"Wow, if it's me — who cares about this, obviously — giving this talk — and during this talk.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇12

　　I can't even notice that the men's hands are still raised, and the women's hands are still raised, how good are we as managers of our companies and our organizations at seeing that the men are reaching for opportunitiesmore than women?" We've got to get women to sit at the table.Message number two: Make your partner a real partner. I've become convinced that we've made more progress in the workforce than we have in the home. The data shows this very clearly. If a woman and a man work full-time and have a child, the woman does twice the amount of housework the man does, and the woman does three times the amount of childcare the man does. So she's got three jobs or two jobs, and he's got one. Who do you think drops out when someone needs to be home more? The causes of this are really complicated, and I don't have time to go into them. And I don't think Sunday football-watching and general laziness is the cause.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇13

　　My subject today is learning. And in that spirit, I want to spring on you all a pop quiz. Ready? When does learning begin? Now as you ponder that question, maybe you're thinking about the first day of preschool or kindergarten, the first time that kids are in a classroom with a teacher. Or maybe you've called to mind the toddler phase when children are learning how to walk and talk and use a fork. Maybe you've encountered the Zero-to-Three movement, which asserts that the most important years for learning are the earliest ones. And so your answer to my question would be: Learning begins at birth.

　　Well today I want to present to you an idea that may be surprising and may even seem implausible, but which is supported by the latest evidence from psychology and biology. And that is that some of the most important learning we ever do happens before we're born, while we're still in the womb. Now I'm a science reporter. I write books and magazine articles. And I'm also a mother. And those two roles came together for me in a book that I wrote called "Origins." "Origins" is a report from the front lines of an exciting new field called fetal origins. Fetal origins is a scientific discipline that emerged just about two decades ago, and it's based on the theory that our health and well-being throughout our lives is crucially affected by the nine months we spend in the womb. Now this theory was of more than just intellectual interest to me. I was myself pregnant while I was doing the research for the book. And one of the most fascinating insights I took from this work is that we're all learning about the world even before we enter it.

　　When we hold our babies for the first time, we might imagine that they're clean slates, unmarked by life, when in fact, they've already been shaped by us and by the particular world we live in. Today I want to share with you some of the amazing things that scientists are discovering about what fetuses learn while they're still in their mothers' bellies.

　　First of all, they learn the sound of their mothers' voices. Because sounds from the outside world have to travel through the mother's abdominal tissue and through the amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus, the voices fetuses hear, starting around the fourth month of gestation, are muted and muffled. One researcher says that they probably sound a lot like the the voice of Charlie Brown's teacher in the old "Peanuts" cartoon. But the pregnant woman's own voice reverberates through her body, reaching the fetus much more readily. And because the fetus is with her all the time, it hears her voice a lot. Once the baby's born, it recognizes her voice and it prefers listening to her voice over anyone else's.

　　How can we know this? Newborn babies can't do much, but one thing they're really good at is sucking. Researchers take advantage of this fact by rigging up two rubber nipples, so that if a baby sucks on one, it hears a recording of its mother's voice on a pair of headphones, and if it sucks on the other nipple, it hears a recording of a female stranger's voice. Babies quickly show their preference by choosing the first one. Scientists also take advantage of the fact that babies will slow down their sucking when something interests them and resume their fast sucking when they get bored. This is how researchers discovered that, after women repeatedly read aloud a section of Dr. Seuss' "The Cat in the Hat" while they were pregnant, their newborn babies recognized that passage when they hear it outside the womb. My favorite experiment of this kind is the one that showed that the babies of women who watched a certain soap opera every day during pregnancy recognized the theme song of that show once they were born. So fetuses are even learning about the particular language that's spoken in the world that they'll be born into.

　　A study published last year found that from birth, from the moment of birth, babies cry in the accent of their mother's native language. French babies cry on a rising note while German babies end on a falling note, imitating the melodic contours of those languages. Now why would this kind of fetal learning be useful? It may have evolved to aid the baby's survival. From the moment of birth, the baby responds most to the voice of the person who is most likely to care for it -- its mother. It even makes its cries sound like the mother's language, which may further endear the baby to the mother, and which may give the baby a head start in the critical task of learning how to understand and speak its native language.

　　But it's not just sounds that fetuses are learning about in utero. It's also tastes and smells. By seven months of gestation, the fetus' taste buds are fully developed, and its olfactory receptors, which allow it to smell, are functioning. The flavors of the food a pregnant woman eats find their way into the amniotic fluid, which is continuously swallowed by the fetus. Babies seem to remember and prefer these tastes once they're out in the world. In one experiment, a group of pregnant women was asked to drink a lot of carrot juice during their third trimester of pregnancy, while another group of pregnant women drank only water. Six months later, the women's infants were offered cereal mixed with carrot juice, and their facial expressions were observed while they ate it. The offspring of the carrot juice drinking women ate more carrot-flavored cereal, and from the looks of it, they seemed to enjoy it more.

　　A sort of French version of this experiment was carried out in Dijon, France where researchers found that mothers who consumed food and drink flavored with licorice-flavored anise during pregnancy showed a preference for anise on their first day of life, and again, when they were tested later, on their fourth day of life. Babies whose mothers did not eat anise during pregnancy showed a reaction that translated roughly as "yuck." What this means is that fetuses are effectively being taught by their mothers about what is safe and good to eat. Fetuses are also being taught about the particular culture that they'll be joining through one of culture's most powerful expressions, which is food. They're being introduced to the characteristic flavors and spices of their culture's cuisine even before birth.

　　Now it turns out that fetuses are learning even bigger lessons. But before I get to that, I want to address something that you may be wondering about. The notion of fetal learning may conjure up for you attempts to enrich the fetus -- like playing Mozart through headphones placed on a pregnant belly. But actually, the nine-month-long process of molding and shaping that goes on in the womb is a lot more visceral and consequential than that. Much of what a pregnant woman encounters in her daily life -- the air she breathes, the food and drink she consumes, the chemicals she's exposed to, even the emotions she feels -- are shared in some fashion with her fetus. They make up a mix of influences as individual and idiosyncratic as the woman herself. The fetus incorporates these offerings into its own body, makes them part of its flesh and blood. And often it does something more. It treats these maternal contributions as information, as what I like to call biological postcards from the world outside.

　　So what a fetus is learning about in utero is not Mozart's "Magic Flute" but answers to questions much more critical to its survival. Will it be born into a world of abundance or scarcity? Will it be safe and protected, or will it face constant dangers and threats? Will it live a long, fruitful life or a short, harried one? The pregnant woman's diet and stress level in particular provide important clues to prevailing conditions like a finger lifted to the wind. The resulting tuning and tweaking of a fetus' brain and other organs are part of what give us humans our enormous flexibility, our ability to thrive in a huge variety of environments, from the country to the city, from the tundra to the desert.

　　To conclude, I want to tell you two stories about how mothers teach their children about the world even before they're born. In the autumn of 1944, the darkest days of World War II, German troops blockaded Western Holland, turning away all shipments of food. The opening of the Nazi's siege was followed by one of the harshest winters in decades -- so cold the water in the canals froze solid. Soon food became scarce, with many Dutch surviving on just 500 calories a day -- a quarter of what they consumed before the war. As weeks of deprivation stretched into months, some resorted to eating tulip bulbs. By the beginning of May, the nation's carefully rationed food reserve was completely exhausted. The specter of mass starvation loomed. And then on May 5th, 1945, the siege came to a sudden end when Holland was liberated by the Allies.

　　The "Hunger Winter," as it came to be known, killed some 10,000 people and weakened thousands more. But there was another population that was affected -- the 40,000 fetuses in utero during the siege. Some of the effects of malnutrition during pregnancy were immediately apparent in higher rates of stillbirths, birth defects, low birth weights and infant mortality. But others wouldn't be discovered for many years. Decades after the "Hunger Winter," researchers documented that people whose mothers were pregnant during the siege have more obesity, more diabetes and more heart disease in later life than individuals who were gestated under normal conditions. These individuals' prenatal experience of starvation seems to have changed their bodies in myriad ways. They have higher blood pressure, poorer cholesterol profiles and reduced glucose tolerance -- a precursor of diabetes.

　　Why would undernutrition in the womb result in disease later? One explanation is that fetuses are making the best of a bad situation. When food is scarce, they divert nutrients towards the really critical organ, the brain, and away from other organs like the heart and liver. This keeps the fetus alive in the short-term, but the bill comes due later on in life when those other organs, deprived early on, become more susceptible to disease.

　　But that may not be all that's going on. It seems that fetuses are taking cues from the intrauterine environment and tailoring their physiology accordingly. They're preparing themselves for the kind of world they will encounter on the other side of the womb. The fetus adjusts its metabolism and other physiological processes in anticipation of the environment that awaits it. And the basis of the fetus' prediction is what its mother eats. The meals a pregnant woman consumes constitute a kind of story, a fairy tale of abundance or a grim chronicle of deprivation. This story imparts information that the fetus uses to organize its body and its systems -- an adaptation to prevailing circumstances that facilitates its future survival. Faced with severely limited resources, a smaller-sized child with reduced energy requirements will, in fact, have a better chance of living to adulthood.

　　The real trouble comes when pregnant women are, in a sense, unreliable narrators, when fetuses are led to expect a world of scarcity and are born instead into a world of plenty. This is what happened to the children of the Dutch "Hunger Winter." And their higher rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease are the result. Bodies that were built to hang onto every calorie found themselves swimming in the superfluous calories of the post-war Western diet. The world they had learned about while in utero was not the same as the world into which they were born.

　　Here's another story. At 8:46 a.m. on September 11th, 2019, there were tens of thousands of people in the vicinity of the World Trade Center in New York -- commuters spilling off trains, waitresses setting tables for the morning rush, brokers already working the phones on Wall Street. 1,700 of these people were pregnant women. When the planes struck and the towers collapsed, many of these women experienced the same horrors inflicted on other survivors of the disaster -- the overwhelming chaos and confusion, the rolling clouds of potentially toxic dust and debris, the heart-pounding fear for their lives.

　　About a year after 9/11, researchers examined a group of women who were pregnant when they were exposed to the World Trade Center attack. In the babies of those women who developed post-traumatic stress syndrome, or PTSD, following their ordeal, researchers discovered a biological marker of susceptibility to PTSD -- an effect that was most pronounced in infants whose mothers experienced the catastrophe in their third trimester. In other words, the mothers with post-traumatic stress syndrome had passed on a vulnerability to the condition to their children while they were still in utero.

　　Now consider this: post-traumatic stress syndrome appears to be a reaction to stress gone very wrong, causing its victims tremendous unnecessary suffering. But there's another way of thinking about PTSD. What looks like pathology to us may actually be a useful adaptation in some circumstances. In a particularly dangerous environment, the characteristic manifestations of PTSD -- a hyper-awareness of one's surroundings, a quick-trigger response to danger -- could save someone's life. The notion that the prenatal transmission of PTSD risk is adaptive is still speculative, but I find it rather poignant. It would mean that, even before birth, mothers are warning their children that it's a wild world out there, telling them, "Be careful."

　　Let me be clear. Fetal origins research is not about blaming women for what happens during pregnancy. It's about discovering how best to promote the health and well-being of the next generation. That important effort must include a focus on what fetuses learn during the nine months they spend in the womb. Learning is one of life's most essential activities, and it begins much earlier than we ever imagined.

　　Thank you.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇14

　　What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.

　　Now, there is a sound -- (Alarm clock) -- aah, it worked -- a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock. And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and that's sleep. If you're an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.

　　Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important. And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought. We throw it away. We really just don't think about sleep. And so what I'd like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep. And the journey that I want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.

　　"Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber." Any ideas who said that? Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Yes, let me give you a few more quotes. "O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee?" Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it -- the Scottish play. [Correction: Henry IV, Part 2] (Laughter) From the same time: "Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together." Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.

　　But if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat. This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century. "Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days." Bang. (Laughter) And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said, "Sleep is for wimps." And of course the infamous -- what was his name? -- the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said, "Money never sleeps."

　　What do we do in the 20th century about sleep? Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, we've treated sleep as an illness, almost. We've treated it as an enemy. At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure. And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.

　　Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems. You don't eat. You don't drink. And you don't have sex. Well, most of us anyway. And so therefore it's -- Sorry. It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong. Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why it's so very important. So let's move to the brain.

　　Now, here we have a brain. This is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didn't know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so -- (Laughter) Sorry. So I borrowed it. I don't think they noticed. Okay. (Laughter)

　　The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep, this thing doesn't shut down. In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state. The other thing that's really important about sleep is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back -- I love this little bit of spinal cord here -- this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock. The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up, when it's good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei. All of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here. The brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness. So sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of

　　Okay. So where have we got to? We've said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life. But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about. So why do we sleep? And it won't surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we don't have a consensus. There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and I'm going to outline three of those.

　　The first is sort of the restoration idea, and it's somewhat intuitive. Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night. And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle, so that's, what, 2,300 years ago. It's gone in and out of fashion. It's fashionable at the moment because what's been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways. So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.

　　What about energy conservation? Again, perhaps intuitive. You essentially sleep to save calories. Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out. If you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night. Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun. Now, I would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep. So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.

　　But the third idea I'm quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation. What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed. It's really hugely attenuated. So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important. However, it's not just the laying down of memory and recalling it. What's turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep. In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage. Sleeping at night enhances our creativity. And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.

　　Okay. So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep, and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons. But sleep is not an indulgence. It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually. I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of. It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class. The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep, you don't fly. Essentially, you never get there, and what's extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.

　　So let's now look at sleep deprivation. Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and let's look at our sleep-o-meter. So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night. Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night league. For teenagers, it's worse, much worse. They need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep. It's simply not enough. If we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night. Shift work. Shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night. It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us. So when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, "Wake up. This is the time to be awake." So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region. And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag. So who here has jet lag? Well, my goodness gracious. Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because that's what your brain is craving.

　　One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it. Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly. It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the U.S., the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep. A hundred thousand a year. It's extraordinary. At another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle Challenger, which was so tragically lost. And in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.

　　So when you're tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment. But my friends, it's so much worse than that.

　　(Laughter)

　　If you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up. So drugs, stimulants. Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the Western world. Much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine. And of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 o'clock at night, and the brain says to itself, "Ah, well actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly. What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?" Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol. Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful. It can actually ease the sleep transition. But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep. It sedates you. So it actually harms some of the neural proccessing that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall. So it's a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, don't become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.

　　Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain. If you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese. What's the connection here? Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone. Ghrelin is released. It gets to the brain. The brain says, "I need carbohydrates," and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars. So there's a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.

　　Stress. Tired people are massively stressed. And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of. But stress is so much more. So if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem, but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem. So sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and there's some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer. Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation. Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant. Therefore, diabetes 2. Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure. So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.

　　So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep? So a quick show of hands. Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here? Oh. Well, that's pretty impressive. Good. We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.

　　So most of us, of course, ask the question, "Well, how do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?" Well, it's not rocket science. If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if you're grumpy, if you're irritable, if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived. Listen to them. Listen to yourself.

　　What do you do? Well -- and this is slightly offensive -- sleep for dummies: Make your bedroom a haven for sleep. The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool. Very important. Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed. Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep. What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? We stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth. It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep. Turn off those mobile phones. Turn off those computers. Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain. Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch. Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle. So seek out morning light. Basically, listen to yourself. Wind down. Do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.

　　Okay. That's some facts. What about some myths?

　　Teenagers are lazy. No. Poor things. They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.

　　We need eight hours of sleep a night. That's an average. Some people need more. Some people need less. And what you need to do is listen to your body. Do you need that much or do you need more? Simple as that.

　　Old people need less sleep. Not true. The sleep demands of the aged do not go down. Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.

　　And the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Well that's wrong at so many different levels. (Laughter) There is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all. There's no difference in socioeconomic status. In my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.

　　(Laughter) (Applause)

　　Okay. So for the last part, the last few minutes, what I want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption. We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but it's been largely ignored. In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, "Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because they're on anti-psychotics. It's the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems," ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption had been reported before anti-psychotics.

　　So what's going on? Lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption. We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary. In those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day. Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever. Their sleep was absolutely smashed. And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle. They were getting up later and later and later and later each night. It was smashed.

　　So what's going on? And the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain. The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping. And what's the evidence for that? Well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems. And last year, we published a study which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep. So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.

　　Other work flowed from these studies. The first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and we've shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar. The other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state. My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.

　　So what have we got? We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things. In terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain. The second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in. If we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible. And the third, which I think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target. Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.

　　So let me just finish. What I started by saying is take sleep seriously. Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet. We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep. And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense. This is a pragmatic response to good health. If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health. If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs. And we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.

　　Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said, "Sleep is God. Go worship." And I can only recommend that you do the same.

　　Thank you for your attention.

　　(Applause)

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇15

　　In 20xx — not so long ago — a professor who was then at Columbia University took that case and made it [Howard] Roizen. And he gave the case out, both of them, to two groups of students. He changed exactly one word: "Heidi" to "Howard." But that one word made a really big difference. He then surveyed the students, and the good news was the students, both men and women, thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent, and that's good.The bad news was that everyone liked Howard. He's a great guy. You want to work for him. You want to spend the day fishing with him. But Heidi? Not so sure. She's a little out for herself. She's a little political.You're not sure you'd want to work for her. This is the complication. We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues, we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A, to reach for the promotion, to sit at the table, and we have to do it in a world where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that, even though for their brothers, there are not. The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this. And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me, but I think important.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇16

　　I think the cause is more complicated. I think, as a society, we put more pressure on our boys to succeedthan we do on our girls. I know men that stay home and work in the home to support wives with careers,and it's hard. When I go to the Mommy-and-Me stuff and I see the father there, I notice that the other mommies don't play with him. And that's a problem, because we have to make it as important a job,because it's the hardest job in the world to work inside the home, for people of both genders, if we're going to even things out and let women stay in the workforce. Studies show that households with equal earning and equal responsibility also have half the divorce rate.And if that wasn't good enough motivation for everyone out there, they also have more — how shall I say this on this stage?

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇17

　　They know each other more in the biblical sense as well. Message number three: Don't leave before you leave. I think there's a really deep irony to the fact that actions women are taking — and I see this all the time — with the objective of staying in the workforceactually lead to their eventually leaving. Here's what happens: We're all busy. Everyone's busy. A woman's busy. And she starts thinking about having a child, and from the moment she starts thinking about having a child, she starts thinking about making room for that child. "How am I going to fit this into everything else I'm doing?" And literally from that moment, she doesn't raise her hand anymore, she doesn't look for a promotion, she doesn't take on the new project, she doesn't say, "Me. I want to do that." She starts leaning back.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇18

　　The problem is that — let's say she got pregnant that day, that day — nine months of pregnancy, three months of maternity leave, six months to catch your breath — Fast-forward two years, more often — and as I've seen it — women start thinking about this way earlier — when they get engaged, or married, when they start thinking about having a child, which can take a long time. One woman came to see me about this. She looked a little young. And I said, "So are you and your husband thinking about having a baby?" And she said, "Oh no, I'm not married." She didn't even have a boyfriend.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇19

　　I said, "You're thinking about this just way too early." But the point is that what happens once you start kind of quietly leaning back? Everyone who's been through this — and I'm here to tell you, once you have a child at home, your job better be really good to go back, because it's hard to leave that kid at home. Your job needs to be challenging. It needs to be rewarding. You need to feel like you're making a difference. And if two years ago you didn't take a promotion and some guy next to you did, if three years ago you stopped looking for new opportunities,you're going to be bored because you should have kept your foot on the gas pedal. Don't leave before you leave. Stay in. Keep your foot on the gas pedal, until the very day you need to leave to take a break for a child — and then make your decisions. Don't make decisions too far in advance, particularly ones you're not even conscious you're making.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇20

　　My generation really, sadly, is not going to change the numbers at the top. They're just not moving. We are not going to get to where 50 percent of the population — in my generation, there will not be 50 percent of [women] at the top of any industry. But I'm hopeful that future generations can. I think a world where half of our countries and our companies were run by women, would be a better world. It's not just because people would know where the women's bathrooms are, even though that would be very helpful.I think it would be a better world. I have two children. I have a five-year-old son and a two-year-old daughter. I want my son to have a choice to contribute fully in the workforce or at home, and I want my daughter to have the choice to not just succeed, but to be liked for her accomplishments.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇21

　　do you think it's possible to control someone's attention? even more than that, what about predicting human behavior? i think those are interesting ideas, if you could. i mean, for me, that would be the perfect superpower, actually kind of an evil way of approaching it. but for myself, in the past, i've spent the last 20 years studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way: picking pockets. when we think of misdirection, we think of something as looking off to the side, when actually it's often the things that are right in front of us that are the hardest things to see, the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.

　　for example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now? great. double-check. make sure you still have them on you. i was doing some shopping beforehand. now you've looked at them probably a few times today, but i'm going to ask you a question about them. without looking at your cell phone directly yet, can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner? bring them out, check, and see how accurate you were. how'd you do? show of hands. did we get it?

　　now that you're done looking at those, close them down, because every phone has something in common. no matter how you organize the icons, you still have a clock on the front. so, without looking at your phone, what time was it? you just looked at your clock, right? it's an interesting idea. now, i'll ask you to take that a step further with a game of trust. close your eyes. i realize i'm asking you to do that while you just heard there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.

　　now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds. with your eyes closed, what am i wearing? make your best guess. what color is my shirt? what color is my tie? now open your eyes. by a show of hands, were you right?

　　it's interesting, isn't it? some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others. it seems that way. but i have a different theory about that, that model of attention. they have fancy models of attention, posner's trinity model of attention. for me, i like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system. it's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors, and inside your brain is a little security guard. for me, i like to call him frank. so frank is sitting at a desk. he's got all sorts of cool information in front of him, high-tech equipment, he's got cameras, he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears, all these senses, all these perceptions. but attention is what steers your perceptions, is what controls your reality. it's the gateway to the mind. if you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it. but ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it. that's why there's the cocktail effect: when you're in a party, you're having conversations with someone, and yet you can recognize your name and you didn't even realize you were listening to that.

　　now, for my job, i have to play with techniques to exploit this, to play with your attention as a limited resource. so if i could control how you spend your attention, if i could maybe steal your attention through a distraction. now, instead of doing it like misdirection and throwing it off to the side, instead, what i choose to focus on is frank, to be able to play with the frank inside your head, your little security guard, and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses, just to go internal for a second. so if i ask you to access a memory, like, what is that? what just happened? do you have a wallet? do you have an american express in your wallet? and when i do that, your frank turns around. he accesses the file. he has to rewind the tape. and what's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape at the same time that he's trying to process new data.

　　now, i mean, this sounds like a good theory, but i could talk for a long time and tell you lots of things, and they may be true, a portion of them, but i think it's better if i tried to show that to you here live. so if i come down, i'm going to do a little bit of shopping. just hold still where you are.

　　hello, how are you? it's lovely to see you. you did a wonderful job onstage. you have a lovely watch that doesn't come off very well. do you have your ring as well? good. just taking inventory. you're like a buffet. it's hard to tell where to start, there's so many great things.

　　hi, how are you? good to see you.

　　hi, sir, could you stand up for me, please? just right where you are. oh, you're married. you follow directions well. that's nice to meet you, sir. you don't have a whole lot inside your pockets. anything down by the pocket over here? hopefully so. have a seat. there you go. you're doing well.

　　hi, sir, how are you? good to see you, sir. you have a ring, a watch. do you have a wallet on you? joe: i don't. apollo robbins: well, we'll find one for you. come on up this way, joe. give joe a round of applause. come on up joe. let's play a game.

　　(applause)

　　pardon me.

　　i don't think i need this clicker anymore. you can have that. thank you very much. i appreciate that.

　　come on up to the stage, joe. let's play a little game now. do you have anything in your front pockets? joe: money. ar: money. all right, let's try that. can you stand right over this way for me? turn around and, let's see, if i give you something that belongs to me, this is just something i have, a poker chip. hold out your hand for me. watch it kind of closely. now this is a task for you to focus on. now you have your money in your front pocket here? joe: yup. ar: good. i'm not going to actually put my hand in your pocket. i'm not ready for that kind of commitment. one time a guy had a hole in his pocket, and that was rather traumatizing for me. i was looking for his wallet and he gave me his phone number. it was a big miscommunication.

　　so let's do this simply. squeeze your hand. squeeze it tight. do you feel the poker chip in your hand? joe: i do. ar: would you be surprised if i could take it out of your hand? say yes. joe: very. ar: good. open your hand. thank you very much. i'll cheat if you give me a chance. make it harder for me. just use your hand. grab my wrist, but squeeze, squeeze firm. did you see it go? joe: no. ar: no, it's not here. open your hand. see, while we're focused on the hand, it's sitting on your shoulder right now. go ahead and take it off. now, let's try that again. hold your hand out flat. open it up all the way. put your hand up a little bit higher, but watch it close there, joe. see, if i did it slowly, it'd be back on your shoulder. (laughter) joe, we're going to keep doing this till you catch it. you're going to get it eventually. i have faith in you. squeeze firm. you're human, you're not slow. it's back on your shoulder. you were focused on your hand. that's why you were distracted. while you were watching this, i couldn't quite get your watch off. it was difficult. yet you had something inside your front pocket. do you remember what it was? joe: money. ar: check your pocket. see if it's still there. is it still there? (laughter) oh, that's where it was. go ahead and put it away. we're just shopping. this trick's more about the timing, really. i'm going to try to push it inside your hand. put your other hand on top for me, would you? it's amazingly obvious now, isn't it? it looks a lot like the watch i was wearing, doesn't it?

　　(laughter) (applause)

　　joe: that's pretty good. that's pretty good. ar: oh, thanks. but it's only a start. let's try it again, a little bit differently. hold your hands together. put your other hand on top. now if you're watching this little token, this obviously has become a little target. it's like a red herring. if we watch this kind of close, it looks like it goes away. it's not back on your shoulder. it falls out of the air, lands right back in the hand. did you see it go? yeah, it's funny. we've got a little guy. he's union. he works up there all day. if i did it slowly, if it goes straightaway, it lands down by your pocket. i believe is it in this pocket, sir? no, don't reach in your pocket. that's a different show. so -- (squeaking noise) -- that's rather strange. they have shots for that. can i show them what that is? that's rather bizarre. is this yours, sir? i have no idea how that works. we'll just send that over there.

　　that's great. i need help with this one. step over this way for me. now don't run away. you had something down by your pants pocket. i was checking mine. i couldn't find everything, but i noticed you had something here. can i feel the outside of your pocket for a moment? down here i noticed this. is this something of yours, sir? is this? i have no idea. that's a shrimp.

　　joe: yeah. i'm saving it for later.

　　ar: you've entertained all of these people in a wonderful way, better than you know. so we'd love to give you this lovely watch as a gift. (laughter) hopefully it matches his taste. but also, we have a couple of other things, a little bit of cash, and then we have a few other things. these all belong to you, along with a big round of applause from all your friends. (applause)

　　oe, thank you very much.

　　(applause)

　　so, same question i asked you before, but this time you don't have to close your eyes. what am i wearing?

　　(laughter)

　　(applause)

　　attention is a powerful thing. like i said, it shapes your reality. so, i guess i'd like to pose that question to you. if you could control somebody's attention, what would you do with it?

　　thank you.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇22

　　I'm a lifelong traveler. Even as a little kid, I was actually working out that it would be cheaper to go to boarding school in England than just to the best school down the road from my parents' house in California.

　　我這輩子都是個旅行者。 即使還是一個小孩子的時候， 我便了解，事實上， 去讀英國寄宿學校會比 去加州父母家附近 最好的學校就讀還來得便宜。

　　So, from the time I was nine years old I was flying alone several times a year over the North Pole, just to go to school. And of course the more I flew the more I came to love to fly, so the very week after I graduated from high school, I got a job mopping tables so that I could spend every season of my 18th year on a different continent.

　　所以，當我 9 歲時， 我在一年中，會獨自飛行幾回， 穿越北極，就只是去上學。 當然，飛得越頻繁， 我越是愛上旅行， 所以就在我高中畢業后一周， 我找到一份清理桌子的工作， 為了讓自己可以在 18 歲那年， 在地球不同的大陸上， 分別待上一季。

　　And then, almost inevitably, I became a travel writer so my job and my joy could become one.

　　接著，幾乎不可避免地 我成了一個旅游作家， 使我的工作和志趣 可以結合在一塊兒。

　　And I really began to feel that if you were lucky enough to walk around the candlelit temples of Tibet or to wander along the seafronts in Havana with music passing all around you, you could bring those sounds and the high cobalt skies and the flash of the blue ocean back to your friends at home, and really bring some magic and clarity to your own life.

　　我真的開始發覺 如果你可以幸運地 漫步于西藏的燭光寺廟， 或者在音樂的繚繞間 悠然信步于哈瓦那海岸， 你便能將那聲音、天際 與靛藍海洋的閃爍光芒 帶給你家鄉的朋友， 真確地捎來些許神奇， 點亮自身生命。

　　Except, as you all know, one of the first things you learn when you travel is that nowhere is magical unless you can bring the right eyes to it.

　　除了，如你們所知， 當旅行時，你學到的第一件事情是 你必須以正確的視角看世界， 否則大地依然黯淡無光。

　　You take an angry man to the Himalayas, he just starts complaining about the food. And I found that the best way that I could develop more attentive and more appreciative eyes was, oddly, by going nowhere, just by sitting still.

　　你帶一個易怒的男人爬喜馬拉雅山， 他只會抱怨那兒的食物。 我發現，有點怪異的是， 最好的讓自己可以培養 更專注和更珍惜世界的視角的訣竅是 哪兒都不去，靜止于原處即可。

　　And of course sitting still is how many of us get what we most crave and need in our accelerated lives, a break. But it was also the only way that I could find to sift through the slideshow of my experience and make sense of the future and the past.

　　當然呆在原地正是我們許多人 尋常所得到的東西， 我們都渴望在快速的生活中獲得休息。 但那卻是我唯一的'方法， 讓自己可以重歷自身的經驗幻燈， 理解未來與過去。

　　And so, to my great surprise, I found that going nowhere was at least as exciting as going to Tibet or to Cuba.

　　如此，我驚異地發現， 我發現無所去處 和游覽西藏或古巴一樣，令人興奮。

　　And by going nowhere, I mean nothing more intimidating than taking a few minutes out of every day or a few days out of every season, or even, as some people do, a few years out of a life in order to sit still long enough to find out what moves you most, to recall where your truest happiness lies and to remember that sometimes making a living and making a life point in opposite directions.

　　無所去處，只不過意謂著 每天花幾分鐘， 或每季花幾天， 甚至，如同有些人所做的， 在生命中花上幾年 長久地靜思于某處， 尋找感動你最多的一瞬， 回憶你最真實的幸福時刻， 同時記住， 有時候，謀生與生活 彼此是處于光譜線上的兩端的。

　　And of course, this is what wise beings through the centuries from every tradition have been telling us.

　　當然，這是明智的眾生歷經幾百年 從每個傳統中所告訴我們的。

　　It's an old idea. More than 2,000 years ago, the Stoics were reminding us it's not our experience that makes our lives, it's what we do with it.

　　這是一個古老的概念。 早在兩千多年前， 斯多葛學派提醒我們 并不是我們的經驗 成就了我們的生命， 而是我們用那經驗做了什么。

　　Imagine a hurricane suddenly sweeps through your town and reduces every last thing to rubble. One man is traumatized for life.

　　想象一下，一陣颶風 迅速撲向你的城市， 將所有一切化為廢墟。 某個人身心遭受終身頓挫

　　But another, maybe even his brother, almost feels liberated, and decides this is a great chance to start his life anew. It's exactly the same event, but radically different responses. There is nothing either good or bad, as Shakespeare told us in "Hamlet," but thinking makes it so.

　　但另一個人，也許甚至是他的兄弟， 卻幾乎感覺釋懷， 并認定，這是一個可以 使自己重獲新生的重要機會。 這是同樣的事件， 截然不同的回應。 沒有什么是絕對的好壞， 正如莎士比亞 在《哈姆雷特》中所告訴我們的， 好壞由思維決定。

　　And this has certainly been my experience as a traveler. Twenty-four years ago I took the most mind-bending trip across North Korea. But the trip lasted a few days.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇23

　　People returning to work after a career break: I call them relaunchers. These are people who have taken career breaks for elder care, for childcare reasons, pursuing a personal interest or a personal health issue. Closely related are career transitioners of all kinds: veterans, military spouses, retirees coming out of retirement or repatriating expats. Returning to work after a career break is hard because of a disconnect between the employers and the relaunchers. Employers can view hiring people with a gap on their resume as a high-risk proposition, and individuals on career break can have doubts about their abilities to relaunch their careers, especially if they've been out for a long time. This disconnect is a problem that I'm trying to help solve.

　　有些人經過離職長假之后 重新投入到工作中來， 我稱他們為“再從業者”。 這些人選擇休離職長假， 有些是要照顧老人， 有些是要照顧孩子， 也有些是追求個人愛好， 或是健康因素。 各行各業轉業的人 都與之緊密相關： 退伍軍人、軍嫂， 退休返聘的人， 或遣返回國者。 離職長假后重返工作 是非常困難的， 因為雇主和再從業者之間 有了隔閡。 雇主們認為，雇傭這些 簡歷上工作時間不連貫的人 是風險極高的決策， 而正在離職長假中的人 可能對自己再從業的能力產生疑慮， 特別是那些離職時間較長者。 兩者間的缺乏聯系 是我在嘗試解決的問題。

　　Now, successful relaunchers are everywhere and in every field. This is Sami Kafala. He's a nuclear physicist in the UK who took a five-year career break to be home with his five children. The Singapore press recently wrote about nurses returning to work after long career breaks. And speaking of long career breaks, this is Mimi Kahn. She's a social worker in Orange County, California, who returned to work in a social services organization after a 25-year career break. That's the longest career break that I'm aware of. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor took a five-year career break early in her career.

　　如今，我們在各行各業 都能見到成功的再從業者。 這位是薩米·科法拉， 他是英國的一位核物理學家， 因為要在家照顧五個孩子 而度過了五年的離職長假。 新加坡的媒體最近發表了文章， 內容是有關離職長假后再從業的護士。 提到長時間的離職假期， 這位是米米·卡恩, 她是加州奧蘭治縣的一位社工， 她在度過20xx年的離職長假后 回到了一個社會服務組織工作。 這是據我所知最長的離職假期。 最高法院法官桑德拉·戴·奧康納， 在其職業生涯早期 度過了五年離職長假。

　　And this is Tracy Shapiro, who took a 13-year career break. Tracy answered a call for essays by the Today Show from people who were trying to return to work but having a difficult time of it. Tracy wrote in that she was a mom of five who loved her time at home, but she had gone through a divorce and needed to return to work, plus she really wanted to bring work back into her life because she loved working. Tracy was doing what so many of us do when we feel like we've put in a good day in the job search. She was looking for a finance or accounting role, and she had just spent the last nine months very diligently researching companies online and applying for jobs with no results.

　　這位是特蕾西·莎碧羅， 她度過了20xx年的離職長假。 特蕾西答復了從“今日秀”節目觀眾中 征集到的問題， 他們想要重返工作， 卻發現很難做到。 特蕾西寫道：自己是五個孩子的母親， 也很享受居家的時間， 但是她歷經了一次離婚， 并且急需回到工作狀態， 另外，她很想把工作 帶回她的生活中， 因為她也很享受工作。 特蕾西也曾做過 我們很多人所做的事， 每天不停的搜尋合適的工作。 她找過財經、會計領域的職位， 她在那之前花掉了九個月時間， 很努力地調查網上的公司， 然后投放簡歷，卻一無所獲。

　　I met Tracy in June of 20xx, when the Today Show asked me if I could work with her to see if I could help her turn things around. The first thing I told Tracy was she had to get out of the house. I told her she had to go public with her job search and tell everyone she knew about her interest in returning to work. I also told her, "You are going to have a lot of conversations that don't go anywhere. Expect that, and don't be discouraged by it. There will be a handful that ultimately lead to a job opportunity."

　　我在20xx年六月見到了特蕾西， 那時“今日秀”節目 問我可否與她合作， 看我能不能幫她走出困境。 我告訴特蕾西的第一件事， 就是她必須走出家門。 我告訴她，她必須 公開自己求職的想法， 然后告訴她認識的所有人， 自己再從業的強烈意愿。 我還告訴她， “有很多你參與的對話 是對你完全沒有幫助的。 你要做好心理準備， 別因為那些而灰心喪氣。 找到工作機會之前， 確實要經歷很多瑣事。”

　　I'll tell you what happened with Tracy in a little bit, but I want to share with you a discovery that I made when I was returning to work after my own career break of 11 years out of the full-time workforce. And that is, that people's view of you is frozen in time. What I mean by this is, when you start to get in touch with people and you get back in touch with those people from the past, the people with whom you worked or went to school, they are going to remember you as you were before your career break. And that's even if your sense of self has diminished over time, as happens with so many of us the farther removed we are from our professional identities. So for example, you might think of yourself as someone who looks like this. This is me, crazy after a day of driving around in my minivan. Or here I am in the kitchen. But those people from the past, they don't know about any of this. They only remember you as you were, and it's a great confidence boost to be back in touch with these people and hear their enthusiasm about your interest in returning to work.

　　我稍后再告訴你們 特蕾西是如何處理的， 我想先跟大家分享 我的一個發現， 那時我剛剛回到工作中， 結束了自己離開全職工作大軍 20xx年的長假。 這個發現就是， 人們對你的印象凝固在過去。 我的意思是， 當你再次開始與人打交道， 與曾經合作過的人重新接觸， 例如跟你一起上學、工作過的人， 他們對你的印象是 離職長假之前的你。 我們的自我意識 隨著時間推移逐漸淡化， 我們很多人都會這樣， 我們距離我們的職業身份 也就越來越遠。 舉個例子， 你可能把你自己看成這樣。 這就是我，開了一天小面包車， 整個人感覺很瘋狂。 這是我在廚房里的樣子。 但是從前的那些人， 他們對這些一無所知。 他們只記得你曾經的樣子， 當你重新與這些人溝通時， 真是大大的增強了自信心， 而且他們對你有再從業的興趣 感到非常的開心。

　　There's one more thing I remember vividly from my own career break. And that was that I hardly kept up with the business news. My background is in finance, and I hardly kept up with any news when I was home caring for my four young children. So I was afraid I'd go into an interview and start talking about a company that didn't exist anymore. So I had to resubscribe to the Wall Street Journal and read it for a good six months cover to cover before I felt like I had a handle on what was going on in the business world again.

　　我還清晰地記得發生在 我離職長假中的一件事。 那時我幾乎完全不關注經濟新聞。 我曾是財經行業出身， 然而我在家照顧四個孩子時， 我幾乎不關注任何的新聞。 所以我很害怕， 自己去參加面試的時候， 會講到一個不復存在的公司。 所以我重新訂閱了華爾街日報， 然后連續看了六個月， 之后我才覺得自己對經濟 又有了點解了。

　　I believe relaunchers are a gem of the workforce, and here's why. Think about our life stage: for those of us who took career breaks for childcare reasons, we have fewer or no maternity leaves. We did that already. We have fewer spousal or partner job relocations. We're in a more settled time of life. We have great work experience. We have a more mature perspective. We're not trying to find ourselves at an employer's expense. Plus we have an energy, an enthusiasm about returning to work precisely because we've been away from it for a while.

　　我相信再從業者是 勞動大軍中的精英， 原因如下。 想想我們人生的階段： 對于那些因為要照顧孩子 而休離職假期的人， 大都沒有產假，或是產假很短。 我們早就做過這些了。 我們離婚率較低， 也很少因伴侶而調整工作。 我們的生活更穩定。 我們有很棒的工作經歷， 更成熟的眼光， 我們不會成為雇主的犧牲品。 此外，我們有一種能量 - 重返崗位的熱情， 正是因為我們離職一段時間了。 另外，我也跟雇主討論，

　　On the flip side, I speak with employers, and here are two concerns that employers have about hiring relaunchers.

　　以下是雇主們 關于雇傭再從業者的兩個擔憂。

　　The first one is, employers are worried that relaunchers are technologically obsolete. Now, I can tell you, having been technologically obsolete myself at one point, that it's a temporary condition. I had done my financial analysis so long ago that I used Lotus 1-2-3. I don't know if anyone can even remember back that far, but I had to relearn it on Excel. It actually wasn't that hard. A lot of the commands are the same. I found PowerPoint much more challenging, but now I use PowerPoint all the time. I tell relaunchers that employers expect them to come to the table with a working knowledge of basic office management software. And if they're not up to speed, then it's their responsibility to get there. And they do.

　　其一，雇主擔心這些再從業者 技術方面比較落后。 我可以告訴各位， 雖然有段時間我自己技術確實落后， 但那只是暫時的。 很早以前我用“蓮花123”軟件 來做財經分析， 我不知道有沒有人還記得 那么早以前的事了， 這些技能我得在 Excel上重新拾起。 其實這并并非難事， 很多的操作指令是一樣的。 我發現PowerPoint更具挑戰性， 但現在我對PowerPoint駕輕就熟。 我告訴再從業者們， 雇主希望找工作的人 對基本的辦公管理軟件 有實踐經驗。 如果他們操作速度不夠快， 那他們就必須變得更高效。 而他們確實做得到。

　　The second area of concern that employers have about relaunchers is they're worried that relaunchers don't know what they want to do. I tell relaunchers that they need to do the hard work to figure out whether their interests and skills have changed or have not changed while they have been on career break. That's not the employer's job. It's the relauncher's responsibility to demonstrate to the employer where they can add the most value.

　　雇主對再從業者的第二種憂慮， 就是他們擔心再從業者 不清楚他們想要做什么。 我告訴再從業者， 他們必須仔細研究， 了解自己的.愛好或者技能 在離職長假的過程中 是否發生了變化。 這不是雇主的職責。 這個是再從業者的責任， 把自己展現給雇主， 來充分展示自己可創造的價值。

　　Back in 20xx I started noticing something. I had been tracking return to work programs since 20xx, and in 20xx, I started noticing the use of a short-term paid work opportunity, whether it was called an internship or not, but an internship-like experience, as a way for professionals to return to work. I saw Goldman Sachs and Sara Lee start corporate reentry internship programs. I saw a returning engineer, a nontraditional reentry candidate, apply for an entry-level internship program in the military, and then get a permanent job afterward. I saw two universities integrate internships into mid-career executive education programs.

　　20xx年，我開始注意到一件事。 我從20xx年開始追蹤 人們重返崗位的情況， 然而在20xx年，我開始注意到， 一種短期、帶薪的工作機會開始出現， 不論它是不是名叫“實習”， 但總之是一個很像實習的經歷， 這為重回崗位的專業人士 開辟了一條道路。 我看到高盛和莎莉集團 都開始了此類 二次從業的實習項目。 我看到一個再從業的工程師， 算是不太傳統的再從業人士， 申請了一個 軍方的初級實習項目， 后來他獲得了一個永久的工作。 我看到兩所大學 將實習項目整合到 職業中期管理學教育項目中。

　　So I wrote a report about what I was seeing, and it became this article for Harvard Business Review called "The 40-Year-Old Intern." I have to thank the editors there for that title, and also for this artwork where you can see the 40-year-old intern in the midst of all the college interns. And then, courtesy of Fox Business News, they called the concept "The 50-Year-Old Intern."

　　于是，就我所觀察到的現象， 我寫了一篇報告， 后來它發表在了 《哈佛商業評論》中， 名字叫《40歲的實習生》。 我必須得感謝編者擬的標題， 還有這個很棒的配圖， 你們可以看到那個40歲的實習生 出現在一群大學實習生中。 后來，還得感謝�？怂股虡I新聞， 他們把這個概念稱為 “50歲的實習生”。

　　So five of the biggest financial services companies have reentry internship programs for returning finance professionals. And at this point, hundreds of people have participated. These internships are paid, and the people who move on to permanent roles are commanding competitive salaries. And now, seven of the biggest engineering companies are piloting reentry internship programs for returning engineers as part of an initiative with the Society of Women Engineers. Now, why are companies embracing the reentry internship? Because the internship allows the employer to base their hiring decision on an actual work sample instead of a series of interviews, and the employer does not have to make that permanent hiring decision until the internship period is over. This testing out period removes the perceived risk that some managers attach to hiring relaunchers, and they are attracting excellent candidates who are turning into great hires.

　　五家最大的金融服務公司 都設立了再從業實習項目， 專為重回崗位的金融精英。 截至目前，數百人參與了這些項目。 這些實習項目是帶薪的， 而且那些晉升到永久崗位的人， 都有極具競爭力的薪資。 現在，七家最大的工程公司， 也在推行再從業實習項目， 來幫助重返崗位的工程師， 這也是女性工程師協會 新方案的一部分。 那么，為什么這些企業 大力支持再從業實習呢? 因為這種實習可以讓雇主 基于參與者實際工作成效 來做出雇傭決策， 而非一系列的面試， 而且雇主不必在實習結束之前 就做出永久雇傭的決定。 這段試驗期消除了一定的風險， 這關乎某些經理人 對雇傭再從業者的擔憂， 同時，這也吸引了大量再從業人士， 他們成為了出色的雇傭對象。

　　Think about how far we have come. Before this, most employers were not interested in engaging with relaunchers at all. But now, not only are programs being developed specifically with relaunchers in mind, but you can't even apply for these programs unless you have a gap on your résumé.

　　各位,想一想我們取得的進步， 在此之前，大多數雇主 根本沒興趣與再從業者打交道。 然而現在，有許多項目在開展實施， 特別是針對再從業者的項目， 如果簡歷上沒有一段空檔期， 你根本不能申請這些項目。

　　This is the mark of real change, of true institutional shift, because if we can solve this problem for relaunchers, we can solve it for other career transitioners too. In fact, an employer just told me that their veterans return to work program is based on their reentry internship program. And there's no reason why there can't be a retiree internship program. Different pool, same concept.

　　這標志著一種實質變化， 一種真正的制度變革， 因為如果我們可以 為再從業者解決這個問題， 我們亦可為其他的職業轉型者 解決同樣的問題。 事實上，一位雇主剛剛告訴我， 他們的“退伍軍人再從業項目”， 就是基于他們的再從業實習項目。 我們也沒有理由不去設立 一個“退休人士實習項目”。 不同的對象，相同的概念。

　　So let me tell you what happened with Tracy Shapiro. Remember that she had to tell everyone she knew about her interest in returning to work. Well, one critical conversation with another parent in her community led to a job offer for Tracy, and it was an accounting job in a finance department. But it was a temp job. The company told her there was a possibility it could turn into something more, but no guarantees. This was in the fall of 20xx. Tracy loved this company, and she loved the people and the office was less than 10 minutes from her house. So even though she had a second job offer at another company for a permanent full-time role, she decided to take her chances with this internship and hope for the best. Well, she ended up blowing away all of their expectations, and the company not only made her a permanent offer at the beginning of 20xx, but they made it even more interesting and challenging, because they knew what Tracy could handle.

　　讓我告訴你們特蕾西·莎碧羅 最后發生了什么。 各位回想一下， 她必須告訴她認識的每一個人， 自己對重返工作崗位很有興趣。 結果，她與自己社區里的長輩 進行了一次關鍵的談話， 這讓她找到了一份工作邀請。 那是一個金融部門的會計工作。 但那是臨時的。 公司告訴她， 有可能有崗位晉升的機會， 但是不能保證。 那是20xx年的秋天。 特蕾西很愛那個公司， 而且她喜歡那里的員工， 從辦公室去她家只需10分鐘。 所以即使她后來得到了 第二份工作邀請， 來自另一家公司， 而且有永久、全職的保證， 她決定在這份實習項目中冒冒險， 盡人事，聽天命。 最后，她的業績 遠遠超出了所有人的期望值， 公司不但提供了她永久崗位， 那是在20xx年初， 而且他們還讓她的工作 更加有趣、有挑戰性， 因為他們知道特蕾西可以辦得到。

　　Fast forward to 20xx, Tracy's been promoted. They've paid for her to get her MBA at night. She's even hired another relauncher to work for her. Tracy's temp job was a tryout, just like an internship, and it ended up being a win for both Tracy and her employer.

　　時間快進到20xx年， 特蕾西獲得了晉升。 公司為她的夜校工商管理課程買單。 她甚至雇傭了 另一位再從業者為她工作。 特蕾西的臨時工作像是一個試驗， 就像實習項目， 而最終，特蕾西和她的雇主 達到了雙贏局面。

　　Now, my goal is to bring the reentry internship concept to more and more employers. But in the meantime, if you are returning to work after a career break, don't hesitate to suggest an internship or an internship-like arrangement to an employer that does not have a formal reentry internship program. Be their first success story, and you can be the example for more relaunchers to come.

　　我的目標是將這種 再從業實習的概念 推薦給越來越多的雇主。 但是與此同時， 如果你在離職長假后重返崗位， 別猶豫向雇主提議設立實習項目， 或者類似實習項目的想法， 特別是那些沒有 正式的再從業實習項目的公司。 爭當他們的第一個成功故事， 而你們都可以成為 未來更多再從業者的楷模。

　　Thank you.

　　謝謝大家。

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇24

　　We're going to go on a dive to the deep sea， and anyone that's had that lovely opportunity knows that for about two and half hours on the way down， it's a perfectly positively pitch—black world。 And we used to see the most mysterious animals out the windowthat you couldn't describe： these blinking lights —— a world of bioluminescence， like fireflies。 Dr。 Edith Widder —— she's now at the Ocean Research and Conservation Association —— was able to come up with a camera that could capture some of these incredible animals， and that's what you're seeing here on the screen。

　　好了，我們即將潛入海底深處。 任何一個有過這種美妙機會的人都知道 在這兩個半小時的下降過程中， 是一個完全漆黑的世界。 我們透過窗戶會看見世界上各種最神秘的動物， 各種無法形容的動物。這些閃亮著的光， 完美地構成了如螢火蟲般發光的世界。 研究保護協會的Edith Witter博士 發明了一種照相機， 這種照相機可以拍下這些令人難以置信的生物。 這就是你現在在屏幕上看到的。

　　That's all bioluminescence。 So， like I said： just like fireflies。 There's a flying turkey under a tree。 （Laughter） I'm a geologist by training。 But I love that。 And you see， some of the bioluminescence they use to avoid being eaten， some they use to attract prey， but all of it， from an artistic point of view， is positively amazing。 And a lot of what goes on inside 。。。 there's a fish with glowing eyes， pulsating eyes。 Some of the colors are designed to hypnotize， these lovely patterns。 And then this last one， one of my favorites， this pinwheel design。 Just absolutely amazing， every single dive。

　　他們全部都是生物發光體。像我說的，就像螢火蟲一樣。 這是個會飛的火雞，在樹下。（笑聲） 我知道我現在像是個實習期的地質學家，不過我就是喜歡。 你可以看到這些生物發出的光， 有些是為了避免被吃掉。 有些又是為引誘食物上鉤。 盡管如此，用藝術的角度來看，這些都如此神奇。 再來看看這里發生了些什么—— 這條魚有著會發光，閃爍的眼睛。 有些顏色則可以催眠。 多么有趣的圖案。這是最后一個： 也是我的最愛，像轉輪一樣的設計。 每一次潛水都充滿著驚喜。

　　That's the unknown world， and today we've only explored about 3 percent of what's out there in the ocean。 Already we've found the world's highest mountains， the world's deepest valleys， underwater lakes， underwater waterfalls —— a lot of that we shared with you from the stage。 And in a place where we thought no life at all， we find more life， we think， and diversity and density than the tropical rainforest， which tells us that we don't know much about this planet at all。 There's still 97 percent， and either that 97 percent is empty or just full of surprises。

　　這正是一個未知的世界。到今天為止，我們只探索了其中的極小部分， 大約只占了所有海洋的3%。 到現在，我們已經發現了世界上最高的山峰， 最深的峽谷， 水下湖，水下瀑布， 還有我們剛才看到的。 然而，恰是我們曾經以為根本不可能有生命的地方， 我們發現了眾多的生物，還有它們的密度和多樣性， 都超過了熱帶雨林。這告訴我們 我們實際上對自己的星球還不甚了解。 還有剩下的97%，那里要不就是一片荒蕪，要不就是充滿驚喜。

　　But I want to jump up to shallow water now and look at some creatures that are positively amazing。Cephalopods —— head—foots。 As a kid I knew them as calamari， mostly。 （Laughter） This is an octopus —— this is the work of Dr。 Roger Hanlon at the Marine Biological Lab —— and it's just fascinating how cephalopods can， with their incredible eyes， sense their surroundings， look at light， look at patterns。 Here's an octopus moving across the reef， finds a spot to settle down， curls up and then disappears into the background。 Tough thing to do。

　　不過我現在還是想說說淺水里的世界， 來看看那些神奇的生物。 頭足類動物，有頭有角。小時候我把他們當作是槍烏賊。 這是一條章魚。 這是來自Roger Hanlon博士，海洋生物實驗室的.成果。 這些頭足類動物真令人著迷， 它用它們的眼睛，它們那難以置信的眼睛來觀察周圍的環境， 看光，看圖案。 這有只章魚正在穿過礁石。 找到一個位置，停下來，卷起，然后馬上消失在背景之中。 這很難做到。

　　In the next bit， we're going to see a couple squid。 These are squid。 Now males， when they fight， if they're really aggressive， they turn white。 And these two males are fighting， they do it by bouncing their butts together， which is an interesting concept。 Now， here's a male on the left and a female on the right， and the male has managed to split his coloration so the female only always sees the kinder gentler squid in him。 And the male 。。。 （Laughter） We're going to see it again。 Let's take a look at it again。 Watch the coloration： white on the right， brown on the left。 He takes a step back —— so he's keeping off the other males by splitting his body —— and comes up on the other side 。。。 Bingo！ Now I'm told that's not just a squid phenomenon with males， but I don't know。 （Laughter）

　　接下來，再來一起看一對魷魚。 這就是魷魚。當雄性魷魚搏斗時， 如果它們想要顯示出自己的侵略性，它們就變為白色了。 這有兩條雄魷魚在搏斗。 它們用撞屁股的方式來搏斗， 真是挺有意思的方法。這里有一條雄性在左邊， 雌性在右邊。 看，這條雄性能有辦法利用顏色把自己分為兩半， 所以雌性只能看到它溫順，優雅的一邊， 雄性—— （笑聲）再來看一次。 讓我們再看一次。注意它的顏色： 白色在右邊，棕色在左邊。 它后退一步，讓其它的雄性無法靠近 來到另外一邊，并且馬上轉換顏色。 瞧！以前有人告訴我 這個雄性特征不僅僅是在魷魚身上，不過我也不太確定。 （掌聲）

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇25

　　When you are a kid, you get asked this one particular question a lot, it really gets kind of annoying. What do you want to be when you grow up? Now, adults are hoping for answers like, I want to be an astronaut or I want to be a neurosurgeon, you’re adults in your imaginations.

　　Kids, they’re most likely to answer with pro-skateboarder, surfer or minecraft player. I asked my little brother, and he said, seriously dude, I’m 10, I have no idea, probably a pro-skier, let’s go get some ice cream.

　　See, us kids are going to answer something we’re stoked on, what we think is cool, what we have experience with, and that’s typically the opposite of what adults want to hear.

　　But if you ask a little kid, sometimes you’ll get the best answer, something so simple, so obvious and really profound. When I grow up, I want to be happy.

　　For me, when I grow up, I want to continue to be happy like I am now. I’m stoked to be here at TedEx, I mean, I’ve been watching Ted videos for as long as I can remember, but I never thought I’d make it on the stage here so soon. I mean, I just became a teenager, and like most teenage boys, I spend most of my time wondering, how did my room get so messy all on its own.

　　Did I take a shower today? And the most perplexing of all, how do I get girls to like me? Neurosciences say that the teenage brain is pretty weird, our prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped, but we actually have more neurons than adults, which is why we can be so creative, and impulsive and moody and get bummed out.

　　But what bums me out is to know that, a lot of kids today are just wishing to be happy, to be healthy, to be safe, not bullied, and be loved for who they are. So it seems to me when adults say, what do you want to be when you grow up? They just assume that you’ll automatically be happy and healthy.

　　Well, maybe that’s not the case, go to school, go to college, get a job, get married, boom, then you’ll be happy, right? You don’t seem to make learning how to be happy and healthy a priority in our schools, it’s separate from schools. And for some kids, it doesn’t exists at all? But what if we didn’t make it separate? What if we based education on the study and practice of being happy and healthy, because that’s what it is, a practice, and a simple practice at that?

　　Education is important, but why is being happy and healthy not considered education, I just don’t get it. So I’ve been studying the science of being happy and healthy. It really comes down to practicing these eight things. Exercise, diet and nutrition, time in nature, contribution, service to others, relationships, recreation, relaxation and stress management, and religious or spiritual involvement, yes, got that one.

　　So these eight things come from Dr. Roger Walsh, he calls them Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes or TLCs for short. He is a scientist that studies how to be happy and healthy. In researching this talk, I got a chance to ask him a few questions like; do you think that our schools today are making these eight TLCs a priority? His response was no surprise, it was essentially no. But he did say that many people do try to get this kind of education outside of the traditional arena, through reading and practices such as meditation or yoga.

　　But what I thought was his best response was that, much of education is oriented for better or worse towards making a living rather than making a life.

　　In 2006, Sir Ken Robinson gave the most popular Ted talk of all time. Schools kill creativity. His message is that creativity is as important as literacy, and we should treat it with the same status.

　　A lot of parents watched those videos, some of those parents like mine counted it as one of the reasons they felt confident to pull their kids from traditional school to try something different. I realized I’m part of this small, but growing revolution of kids who are going about their education differently, and you know what? It freaks a lot of people out.

　　Even though I was only nine, when my parents pulled me out of the school system, I can still remember my mom being in tears when some of her friends told her she was crazy and it was a stupid idea.

　　Looking back, I’m thankful she didn’t cave to peer pressure, and I think she is too. So, out of the 200 million people that have watched Sir Ken Robinson’s talk, why aren’t there more kids like me out there?

　　Shane McConkey is my hero. I loved him because he was the world’s best skier. But then, one day I realized what I really loved about Shane, he was a hacker. Not a computer hacker, he hacked skiing. His creativity and inventions made skiing what it is today, and why I love to ski. A lot of people think of hackers as geeky computer nerds who live in their parent’s basement and spread computer viruses, but I don’t see it that way.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇26

　　Have you ever held a question in mind for so long that it becomes part of how you think? Maybe even part of who you are as a person? Well I’ve had a question in my mind for many, many years and that is: how can you speed up learning? Now, this is an interesting question because if you speed up learning you can spend less time at school. And if you learn really fast, you probably wouldn’t have to go to school at all.

　　Now, when I was young, school was sort of okay but I found quite often that school got in the way of learning so I had this question in mind: how do you learn faster? And this began when I was very, very young, when I was about eleven years old I wrote a letter to researchers in the Soviet Union, asking about hypnopaedia, this is sleep learning, where you get a tape recorder, you put it beside your bed and it turns on in the middle of the night when you’re sleeping, and you’re supposed to be learning from this.

　　A good idea, unfortunately it doesn’t work. But, hypnopaedia did open the doors to research in other areas and we’ve had incredible discoveries about learning that began with that first question. I went on from there to become passionate about psychology and I have been involved in psychology in many ways for the rest of my life up until this point. In 1981 I took myself to China and I decided that I was going to be native level in Chinese inside two years.

　　Now, you need to understand that in 1981, everybody thought Chinese was really, really difficult and that a westerner could study for ten years or more and never really get very good at it. And I also went in with a different idea which was: taking all of the conclusions from psychological research up to that point and applying them to the learning process. What was really cool was that in six months I was fluent in Mandarin Chinese and took a little bit longer to get up to native. But I looked around and I saw all of these people from different countries struggling terribly with Chinese, I saw Chinese people struggling terribly to learn English and other languages, and so my question got refined down to: how can you help a normal adult learn a new language quickly, easily and effectively?

　　Now this a really, really important question in today’s world. We have massive challenges with environment we have massive challenges with social dislocation, with wars, all sorts of things going on and if we can’t communicate we’re really going to have difficulty solving these problems. So we need to be able to speak each other’s languages, this is really, really important.

　　The question then is how do you do that. Well, it’s actually really easy. You look around for people who can already do it, you look for situations where it’s already working and then you identify the principles and apply them. It’s called modelling and I’ve been looking at language learning and modelling language learning for about fifteen to twenty years now.

　　And my conclusion, my observation from this is that any adult can learn a second language to fluency inside six months. Now when I say this, most people think I’m crazy, this is not possible. So let me remind everybody of the history of human progress, it’s all about expanding our limits.

　　In 1950 everybody believed that running one mile in four minutes was impossible and then Roger Bannister did it in 1956 and from there it’s got shorter and shorter. 100 years ago everybody believed that heavy stuff doesn’t fly. Except it does and we all know this. How does heavy stuff fly? We reorganise the materials using principles that we have learned from observing nature, birds in this case. And today we’ve gone ever further, so you can fly a car. You can buy one of these for a couple hundred thousand US dollars. We now have cars in the world that can fly. And there’s a different way to fly that we’ve learned from squirrels. So all you need to do is copy what a flying squirrel does, build a suit called a wing suit and off you go, you can fly like a squirrel.

　　No, most people, a lot of people, I wouldn’t say everybody but a lot of people think they can’t draw. However there are some key principles, five principles that you can apply to learning to draw and you can 2 actually learn to draw in five days. So, if you draw like this, you learn these principles for five days and apply them and after five days you can draw something like this. Now I know this is true because that was my first drawing and after five days of applying these principles that was what I was able to do. And I looked at this and I went ‘wow,’ so that’s how I look like when I’m concentrating so intensely that my brain is exploding. So, anybody can learn to draw in five days and in the same way, with the same logic, anybody can learn a second language in six months.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇27

　　When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time. And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. And this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind. And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better. (Laughter) I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

　　當我九歲的時候 我第一次去參加夏令營 我媽媽幫我整理好了我的行李箱 里面塞滿了書 這對于我來說是一件極為自然的事情 因為在我的家庭里 閱讀是主要的家庭活動 聽上去你們可能覺得我們是不愛交際的 但是對于我的家庭來說這真的只是接觸社會的另一種途徑 你們有自己家庭接觸時的溫暖親情 家人靜坐在你身邊 但是你也可以自由地漫游 在你思維深處的冒險樂園里我有一個想法 野營會變得像這樣子，當然要更好些 (笑聲) 我想象到十個女孩坐在一個小屋里 都穿著合身的女式睡衣愜意地享受著讀書的過程

　　(Laughter)

　　(笑聲)

　　Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. And on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. And it went like this: "R-O-W-D-I-E, that's the way we spell rowdie. Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie." Yeah. So I couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly. (Laughter) But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else. I did my best. And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books.

　　野營這時更像是一個不提供酒水的派對聚會 在第一天的時候呢 我們的顧問把我們都集合在一起 并且她教會了我們一種今后要用到的慶祝方式 在余下夏令營的每一天中 讓“露營精神”浸潤我們 之后它就像這樣繼續著 R-O-W-D-I-E 這是我們拼寫“吵鬧"的口號 我們唱著“噪音，喧鬧，我們要變得吵一點” 對，就是這樣 可我就是弄不明白我的生活會是什么樣的 為什么我們變得這么吵鬧粗暴 或者為什么我們非要把這個單詞錯誤地拼寫 (笑聲) 但是我可沒有忘記慶祝。我與每個人都互相歡呼慶祝了 我盡了我最大的努力 我只是想等待那一刻 我可以離開吵鬧的聚會去捧起我摯愛的書

　　But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" -- mellow, of course, being the exact opposite of R-O-W-D-I-E. And then the second time I tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

　　但是當我第一次把書從行李箱中拿出來的時候 床鋪中最酷的那個女孩向我走了過來 并且她問我：“為什么你要這么安靜?” 安靜，當然，是R-O-W-D-I-E的反義詞 “喧鬧”的`反義詞 而當我第二次拿書的時候 我們的顧問滿臉憂慮的向我走了過來 接著她重復了關于“露營精神”的要點并且說我們都應當努力 去變得外向些

　　And so I put my books away, back in their suitcase, and I put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. And I felt kind of guilty about this. I felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

　　于是我放好我的書 放回了屬于它們的行李箱中 并且我把它們放到了床底下 在那里它們度過了暑假余下的每一天 我對這樣做感到很愧疚 不知為什么我感覺這些書是需要我的 它們在呼喚我，但是我卻放棄了它們 我確實放下了它們，并且我再也沒有打開那個箱子 直到我和我的家人一起回到家中 在夏末的時候

　　Now, I tell you this story about summer camp. I could have told you 50 others just like it --all the times that I got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of beingwas not necessarily the right way to go, that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert. And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were. But for years I denied this intuition, and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that I had always longed to be -- partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too. And I was always going off to crowded bars when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. And I made these self-negating choices so reflexively, that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.

　　現在，我向你們講述這個夏令營的故事 我完全可以給你們講出其他50種版本就像這個一樣的故事-- 每當我感覺到這樣的時候 它告訴我出于某種原因，我的寧靜和內向的風格 并不是正確道路上的必需品 我應該更多地嘗試一個外向者的角色 而在我內心深處感覺得到，這是錯誤的內向的人們都是非常優秀的，確實是這樣 但是許多年來我都否認了這種直覺 于是我首先成為了華爾街的一名律師 而不是我長久以來想要成為的一名作家 一部分原因是因為我想要證明自己 也可以變得勇敢而堅定 并且我總是去那些擁擠的酒吧 當我只是想要和朋友們吃一頓愉快的晚餐時 我做出了這些自我否認的抉擇 如條件反射一般 甚至我都不清楚我做出了這些決定

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇28

　　I'd like to share with you a discovery that I made a few months ago while writing an article for Italian Wired. I always keep my thesaurus handy whenever I'm writing anything, but I'd already finished editing the piece, and I realized that I had never once in my life looked up the word "disabled" to see what I'd find.

　　Let me read you the entry. "Disabled, adjective: crippled, helpless, useless, wrecked, stalled, maimed, wounded, mangled, lame, mutilated, run-down, worn-out, weakened, impotent, castrated, paralyzed, handicapped, senile, decrepit, laid-up, done-up, done-for, done-in cracked-up, counted-out; see also hurt, useless and weak. Antonyms, healthy, strong, capable." I was reading this list out loud to a friend and at first was laughing, it was so ludicrous, but I'd just gotten past "mangled," and my voice broke, and I had to stop and collect myself from the emotional shock and impact that the assault from these words unleashed.

　　You know, of course, this is my raggedy old thesaurus so I'm thinking this must be an ancient print date, right? But, in fact, the print date was the early 1980s, when I would have been starting primary school and forming an understanding of myself outside the family unit and as related to the other kids and the world around me. And, needless to say, thank God I wasn't using a thesaurus back then. I mean, from this entry, it would seem that I was born into a world that perceived someone like me to have nothing positive whatsoever going for them, when in fact, today I'm celebrated for the opportunities and adventures my life has procured.

　　So, I immediately went to look up the 2009 online edition, expecting to find a revision worth noting. Here's the updated version of this entry. Unfortunately, it's not much better. I find the last two words under "Near Antonyms," particularly unsettling: "whole" and "wholesome."

　　So, it's not just about the words. It's what we believe about people when we name them with these words. It's about the values behind the words, and how we construct those values. Our language affects our thinking and how we view the world and how we view other people. In fact, many ancient societies, including the Greeks and the Romans, believed that to utter a curse verbally was so powerful, because to say the thing out loud brought it into existence. So, what reality do we want to call into existence: a person who is limited, or a person who's empowered? By casually doing something as simple as naming a person, a child, we might be putting lids and casting shadows on their power. Wouldn't we want to open doors for them instead?

　　One such person who opened doors for me was my childhood doctor at the A.I. duPont Institute in Wilmington, Delaware. His name was Dr. Pizzutillo, an Italian American, whose name, apparently, was too difficult for most Americans to pronounce, so he went by Dr. P. And Dr. P always wore really colorful bow ties and had the very perfect disposition to work with children.

　　I loved almost everything about my time spent at this hospital, with the exception of my physical therapy sessions. I had to do what seemed like innumerable repetitions of exercises with these thick, elastic bands -- different colors, you know -- to help build up my leg muscles, and I hated these bands more than anything -- I hated them, had names for them. I hated them. And, you know, I was already bargaining, as a five year-old child, with Dr. P to try to get out of doing these exercises, unsuccessfully, of course. And, one day, he came in to my session -- exhaustive and unforgiving, these sessions -- and he said to me, "Wow. Aimee, you are such a strong and powerful little girl, I think you're going to break one of those bands. When you do break it, I'm going to give you a hundred bucks."

　　Now, of course, this was a simple ploy on Dr. P's part to get me to do the exercises I didn't want to do before the prospect of being the richest five-year-old in the second floor ward, but what he effectively did for me was reshape an awful daily occurrence into a new and promising experience for me. And I have to wonder today to what extent his vision and his declaration of me as a strong and powerful little girl shaped my own view of myself as an inherently strong, powerful and athletic person well into the future.

　　This is an example of how adults in positions of power can ignite the power of a child. But, in the previous instances of those thesaurus entries, our language isn't allowing us to evolve into the reality that we would all want, the possibility of an individual to see themselves as capable. Our language hasn't caught up with the changes in our society, many of which have been brought about by technology. Certainly, from a medical standpoint, my legs, laser surgery for vision impairment, titanium knees and hip replacements for aging bodies that are allowing people to more fully engage with their abilities, and move beyond the limits that nature has imposed on them -- not to mention social networking platforms allow people to self-identify, to claim their own descriptions of themselves, so they can go align with global groups of their own choosing. So, perhaps technology is revealing more clearly to us now what has always been a truth: that everyone has something rare and powerful to offer our society, and that the human ability to adapt is our greatest asset.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇29

　　When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time。 And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books， which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do。 Because in my family， reading was the primary group activity。 And this might sound antisocial to you， but for us it was really just a different way of being social。 You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you， but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind。 And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this， but better。 （Laughter） I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns。

　　當我九歲的時候 我第一次去參加夏令營 我媽媽幫我整理好了我的行李箱 里面塞滿了書 這對于我來說是一件極為自然的事情 因為在我的家庭里 閱讀是主要的家庭活動 聽上去你們可能覺得我們是不愛交際的 但是對于我的家庭來說這真的只是接觸社會的另一種途徑 你們有自己家庭接觸時的溫暖親情 家人靜坐在你身邊 但是你也可以自由地漫游 在你思維深處的冒險樂園里我有一個想法 野營會變得像這樣子，當然要更好些 （笑聲） 我想象到十個女孩坐在一個小屋里 都穿著合身的女式睡衣愜意地享受著讀書的過程

　　（Laughter）

　�。ㄐβ暎�

　　Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol。 And on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit。 And it went like this： "R—O—W—D—I—E， that's the way we spell rowdie。 Rowdie， rowdie， let's get rowdie。" Yeah。 So I couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy， or why we had to spell this word incorrectly。 （Laughter） But I recited a cheer。 I recited a cheer along with everybody else。 I did my best。 And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books。

　　野營這時更像是一個不提供酒水的派對聚會 在第一天的時候呢 我們的顧問把我們都集合在一起 并且她教會了我們一種今后要用到的慶祝方式 在余下夏令營的每一天中 讓“露營精神”浸潤我們 之后它就像這樣繼續著 R—O—W—D—I—E 這是我們拼寫“吵鬧"的口號 我們唱著“噪音，喧鬧，我們要變得吵一點” 對，就是這樣 可我就是弄不明白我的生活會是什么樣的 為什么我們變得這么吵鬧粗暴 或者為什么我們非要把這個單詞錯誤地拼寫 （笑聲） 但是我可沒有忘記慶祝。我與每個人都互相歡呼慶祝了 我盡了我最大的努力 我只是想等待那一刻 我可以離開吵鬧的聚會去捧起我摯愛的書

　　But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase， the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me， "Why are you being so mellow？" —— mellow， of course， being the exact opposite of R—O—W—D—I—E。 And then the second time I tried it， the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing。

　　但是當我第一次把書從行李箱中拿出來的時候 床鋪中最酷的那個女孩向我走了過來 并且她問我：“為什么你要這么安靜？” 安靜，當然，是R—O—W—D—I—E的反義詞 “喧鬧”的反義詞 而當我第二次拿書的時候 我們的顧問滿臉憂慮的向我走了過來 接著她重復了關于“露營精神”的要點并且說我們都應當努力 去變得外向些

　　And so I put my books away， back in their suitcase， and I put them under my bed， and there they stayed for the rest of the summer。 And I felt kind of guilty about this。 I felt as if the books needed me somehow， and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them。But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer。

　　于是我放好我的書 放回了屬于它們的行李箱中 并且我把它們放到了床底下 在那里它們度過了暑假余下的每一天 我對這樣做感到很愧疚 不知為什么我感覺這些書是需要我的 它們在呼喚我，但是我卻放棄了它們 我確實放下了它們，并且我再也沒有打開那個箱子 直到我和我的家人一起回到家中 在夏末的時候

　　Now， I tell you this story about summer camp。 I could have told you 50 others just like it ——all the times that I got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of beingwas not necessarily the right way to go， that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert。 And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were。 But for years I denied this intuition， and so I became a Wall Street lawyer， of all things， instead of the writer that I had always longed to be —— partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too。 And I was always going off to crowded bars when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends。 And I made these self—negating choices so reflexively， that I wasn't even aware that I was making them。

　　現在，我向你們講述這個夏令營的故事 我完全可以給你們講出其他50種版本就像這個一樣的故事—— 每當我感覺到這樣的時候 它告訴我出于某種原因，我的寧靜和內向的風格 并不是正確道路上的必需品 我應該更多地嘗試一個外向者的角色 而在我內心深處感覺得到，這是錯誤的內向的人們都是非常優秀的，確實是這樣 但是許多年來我都否認了這種直覺 于是我首先成為了華爾街的一名律師 而不是我長久以來想要成為的一名作家 一部分原因是因為我想要證明自己 也可以變得勇敢而堅定 并且我總是去那些擁擠的酒吧 當我只是想要和朋友們吃一頓愉快的晚餐時 我做出了這些自我否認的抉擇 如條件反射一般 甚至我都不清楚我做出了這些決定

　　Now this is what many introverts do， and it's our loss for sure， but it is also our colleagues' loss and our communities' loss。 And at the risk of sounding grandiose， it is the world's loss。 Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership， we need introverts doing what they do best。 A third to a half of the population are introverts —— a third to a half。 So that's one out of every two or three people you know。 So even if you're an extrovert yourself， I'm talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your childrenand the person sitting next to you right now —— all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society。 We all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we're doing。

　　這就是很多內向的人正在做的事情 這當然是我們的損失 但這同樣也是同事們的損失 我們所在團隊集體的損失 當然，冒著被指為夸大其詞的風險我想說，更是世界的損失 因為當涉及創造和領導的時候 我們需要內向的人做到最好 三分之一到二分之一的人都是內向的—— 三分之一到二分之一 你要知道這可意味著每兩到三個人中就有一個內向的 所以即使你自己是一個外向的人 我正在說你的同事 和你的配偶和你的孩子 還有現在正坐在你旁邊的那個家伙—— 他們都要屈從于這樣的偏見 一種在我們的社會中已經扎根的現實偏見 我們從很小的時候就把它藏在內心最深處 甚至都不說幾句話，關于我們正在做的事情。

　　Now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is。 It's different from being shy。 Shyness is about fear of social judgment。 Introversion is more about， how do you respond to stimulation， including social stimulation。 So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation， whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switched—on and their most capable when they're in quieter， more low—key environments。Not all the time —— these things aren't absolute —— but a lot of the time。 So the key then to maximizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us。

　　現在讓我們來清楚地看待這種偏見 我們需要真正了解“內向”到底指什么 它和害羞是不同的 害羞是對于社會評論的恐懼 內向更多的是 你怎樣對于刺激作出回應 包括來自社會的刺激 其實內向的人是很渴求大量的鼓舞和激勵的 反之內向者最感覺到他們的存在 這是他們精力最充足的時候，最具有能力的時候 當他們存在于更安靜的，更低調的環境中 并不是所有時候——這些事情都不是絕對的—— 但是存在于很多時候 所以說，關鍵在于 把我們的天賦發揮到最大化 這對于我們來說就足夠把我們自己 放到對于我們正確又合適的激勵的區域中去

　　But now here's where the bias comes in。 Our most important institutions， our schools and our workplaces， they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation。 And also we have this belief system right now that I call the new groupthink，which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place。

　　但是現在偏見出現了 我們最重要的那些體系 我們的學校和工作單位 它們都是為性格外向者設計的 并且有適合他們需要的刺激和鼓勵 當然我們現在也有這樣一種信用機制 我稱它為新型的“團隊思考” 這是一種包含所有創造力和生產力的思考方式 從一個社交非常零散的地方產生的

　　So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays： When I was going to school， we sat in rows。 We sat in rows of desks like this， and we did most of our work pretty autonomously。But nowadays， your typical classroom has pods of desks —— four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other。 And kids are working in countless group assignments。 Even in subjects like math and creative writing， which you think would depend on solo flights of thought， kids are now expected to act as committee members。 And for the kids who preferto go off by themselves or just to work alone， those kids are seen as outliers often or， worse， as problem cases。 And the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert as opposed to an introvert， even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable， according to research。 （Laughter）

　　當你描繪今天典型教室的.圖案時 當我還上學的時候 我們一排排地坐著 我們靠著桌子一排排坐著就像這樣 并且我們大多數工作都是自覺完成的 但是在現代社會，所謂典型的教室 是些圈起來并排的桌子—— 四個或是五個或是六、七個孩子坐在一起，面對面 孩子們要完成無數個小組任務 甚至像數學和創意寫作這些課程 這些你們認為需要依靠個人閃光想法的課程 孩子們現在卻被期待成為小組會的成員 對于那些喜歡 獨處，或者自己一個人工作的孩子來說 這些孩子常常被視為局外人 或者更糟，被視為問題孩子 并且很大一部分老師的報告中都相信 最理想的學生應該是外向的 相對于內向的學生而言 甚至說外向的學生能夠取得更好的成績 更加博學多識據研究報道 （笑聲）

　　Okay， same thing is true in our workplaces。 Now， most of us work in open plan offices，without walls， where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers。 And when it comes to leadership， introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions，even though introverts tend to be very careful， much less likely to take outsize risks ——which is something we might all favor nowadays。 And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do， because when they are managing proactive employees， they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas， whereas an extrovert can， quite unwittingly， get so excited about things that they're putting their own stamp on things， and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface。

　　好了。同樣的事情也發生在我們工作的地方 現在呢，我們中的絕大多數都工作在寬闊沒有隔間的辦公室里 甚至沒有墻 在這里，我們暴露 在不斷的噪音和我們同事的凝視目光下工作 而當談及領袖氣質的時候 內向的人總是按照慣例從領導的位置被忽視了 盡管內向的人是非常小心仔細的 很少去冒特大的風險—— 這些風險是今天我們可能都喜歡的 賓夕法尼亞大學沃頓商學院的亞當·格蘭特教授做了一項很有意思的研究 這項研究表明內向的領導們 相對于外向領導而言總是會生產更大的效益 因為當他們管理主動積極的雇員的時候 他們更傾向于讓有主見的雇員去自由發揮 反之外向的領導就可能，當然是不經意的 對于事情變得十分激動 他們在事務上有了自己想法的印跡 這使其他人的想法可能就不會很容易地 在舞臺上發光了

　　Now in fact， some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts。 I'll give you some examples。 Eleanor Roosevelt， Rosa Parks， Gandhi —— all these peopled described themselves as quiet and soft—spoken and even shy。 And they all took the spotlight， even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to。 And this turns out to have a special power all its own， because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm，not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;they were there because they had no choice， because they were driven to do what they thought was right。

　　事實上，歷史上一些有改革能力的領袖都是內向的人 我會舉一些例子給你們 埃莉諾·羅斯福，羅沙·帕克斯，甘地 —— 所有這些人都把自己描述成 內向，說話溫柔甚至是害羞的人 他們仍然站在了聚光燈下 即使他們渾身上下 都感知他們說不要 這證明是一種屬于它自身的特殊的力量因為人們都會感覺這些領導者同時是掌舵者 并不是因為他們喜歡指揮別人 抑或是享受眾人目光的聚焦 他們處在那個位置因為他們沒有選擇 因為他們行駛在他們認為正確的道路上

　　Now I think at this point it's important for me to say that I actually love extroverts。 I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts， including my beloved husband。 And we all fall at different points， of course， along the introvert/extrovert spectrum。 Even Carl Jung， the psychologist who first popularized these terms， said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure extrovert。 He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum， if he existed at all。 And some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/extrovert spectrum， and we call these people ambiverts。 And I often think that they have the best of all worlds。 But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other。

　　現在我覺得對于這點我有必要說 那就是我真的喜愛外向的人 我總是喜歡說我最好的幾個朋友都是外向的人 包括我親愛的丈夫 當然了我們都會在不同點時偏向 內向者/外向者的范圍 甚至是卡爾·榮格，這個讓這些名詞為大眾所熟知的心理學家，說道 世上絕沒有一個純粹的內向的人 或者一個純粹的外向的人 他說這樣的人會在精神病院里 如果他存在的話 還有一些人處在中間的跡象 在內向與外向之間 我們稱這些人為“中向性格者” 并且我總是認為他們擁有世界最美好的一切 但是我們中的大多數總是認為自己屬于內向或者外向，其中一類

　　And what I'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance。 We need more of a yin and yang between these two types。 This is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity， because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people， what they find are people who are very good at exchanging ideas and advancing ideas， but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them。

　　同時我想說從文化意義上講我們需要一種更好的平衡 我們需要更多的陰陽的平衡 在這兩種類型的人之間 這點是極為重要的 當涉及創造力和生產力的時候 因為當心理學家們看待 最有創造力的人的生命的時候 他們尋找到的 是那些擅長變換思維的人 提出想法的人 但是他們同時也有著極為顯著的偏內向的痕跡

　　And this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity。 So Darwin， he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations。Theodor Geisel， better known as Dr。 Seuss， he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in La Jolla， California。 And he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly Santa Claus—like figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona。 Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in Hewlett—Packard where he was working at the time。 And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up。

　　這是因為獨處是非常關鍵的因素 對于創造力來說 所以達爾文 自己一個人漫步在小樹林里 并且斷然拒絕了晚餐派對的邀約 西奧多·蓋索，更多時候以蘇索博士的名號知名 他夢想過很多的驚人的創作 在他在加利福尼亞州拉霍亞市房子的后面的 一座孤獨的束層的塔形辦公室中 而且其實他很害怕見面 見那些讀過他的書的年輕的孩子們 害怕他們會期待他 這樣一位令人愉快的，圣誕老人形象的人物 同時又會因發現他含蓄緘默的性格而失望 史蒂夫·沃茲尼亞克發明了第一臺蘋果電腦 一個人獨自坐在他的機柜旁 在他當時工作的惠普公司 并且他說他永遠不會在那方面成為一號專家 但他還沒因太內向到要離開那里 那個他成長起來的地方

　　Now of course， this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating —— and case in point， is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs to start Apple Computer —— but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe。 And in fact， we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude。 It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it。 If you look at most of the world's major religions， you will find seekers —— Moses， Jesus， Buddha， Muhammad ——seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community。 So no wilderness， no revelations。

　　當然了 這并不意味著我們都應該停止合作—— 恰當的例子呢，是史蒂夫·沃茲尼亞克和史蒂夫·喬布斯的著名聯手 創建蘋果電腦公司—— 但是這并不意味著和獨處有重大關系 并且對于一些人來說 這是他們賴以呼吸生存的空氣 事實上，幾個世紀以來我們已經非常明白 獨處的卓越力量只是到了最近，非常奇怪，我們開始遺忘它了 如果你看看世界上主要的宗教 你會發現探尋者—— 摩西，耶穌，佛祖，那些獨身去探尋的人們 在大自然的曠野中獨處，思索 在那里，他們有了深刻的頓悟和對于奧義的揭示 之后他們把這些思想帶回到社會的其他地方去沒有曠原，沒有啟示

　　This is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology。 It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring， mimicking their opinions。 Even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you're attracted to， you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that's what you're doing。

　　盡管這并不令人驚訝 如果你注意到現代心理學的思想理論 它反映出來我們甚至不能和一組人待在一起 而不去本能地模仿他們的意見與想法 甚至是看上去私人的，發自內心的事情 像是你被誰所吸引 你會開始模仿你周圍的人的信仰 甚至都覺察不到你自己在做什么

　　And groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room， even though there's zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas —— I mean zero。 So 。。。 （Laughter） You might be following the person with the best ideas， but you might not。 And do you really want to leave it up to chance？ Much better for everybody to go off by themselves， generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics， and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well—managed environment and take it from there。

　　還曾跟隨群體的意見 跟隨著房間里最具有統治力的，最有領袖氣質的人的思路 雖然這真的沒什么關系 在成為一個卓越的演講家還是擁有最好的主意之間—— 我的意思是“零相關” 那么。。。（笑聲） 你們或許會跟隨有最好頭腦的人 但是你們也許不會 可你們真的想把這機會扔掉嗎？如果每個人都自己行動或許好得多 發掘他們自己的想法 沒有群體動力學的曲解 接著來到一起組成一個團隊 在一個良好管理的環境中互相交流 并且在那里學習別的思想

　　Now if all this is true， then why are we getting it so wrong？ Why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces？ And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time？ One answer lies deep in our cultural history。 Western societies， and in particular the U。S。， have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and "man" of contemplation。 But in America's early days， we lived in what historians call a culture of character， where we still， at that point， valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude。 And if you look at the self—help books from this era， they all had titles with things like "Character， the Grandest Thing in the World。" And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming。 Ralph Waldo Emerson called him "A man who does not offend by superiority。"

　　如果說現在這一切都是真的 那么為什么我們還得到這樣錯誤的結論？ 為什么我們要這樣創立我們的學校，還有我們的工作單位？ 為什么我們要讓這些內向的人覺得那么愧疚 。對于他們只是想要離開，一個人獨處一段時間的事實？ 有一個答案在我們的文化史中埋藏已久 西方社會特別是在美國 總是偏愛有行動的人 而不是有深刻思考的人 有深刻思考的“人” 但是在美國早期的時候 我們生活在一個被歷史學家稱作“性格特征”的文化 那時我們仍然，在這點上，判斷人們的價值 從人們的內涵和道義正直 而且如果你看一看這個時代關于自立的書籍的話 它們都有這樣一種標題： “性格”，世界上最偉大的事物 并且它們以亞伯拉罕·林肯這樣的為標榜 一個被形容為謙虛低調的男人 拉爾夫·瓦爾多·愛默生稱他是 “一個以‘優越’二字形容都不為過的人”

　　But then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality。 What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business。 And so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities。And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives， now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers。 So， quite understandably， qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important。 And sure enough， the self—help books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like "How to Win Friends and Influence People。" And they feature as their role models really great salesmen。 So that's the world we're living in today。 That's our cultural inheritance。

　　但是接著我們來到了二十世紀 并且我們融入了一種新的文化 一種被歷史學家稱作“個性”的文化 所發生的改變就是我們從農業經濟發展為 一個大商業經濟的世界 而且人們突然開始搬遷從小的城鎮搬向城市 并且一改他們之前的在生活中和所熟識的人們一起工作的方式 現在他們在一群陌生人中間有必要去證明自己 這樣做是非�？梢岳斫獾� 像領袖氣質和個人魅力這樣的品質 突然間似乎變得極為重要 那么可以肯定的是，自助自立的書的內容變更了以適應這些新的需求 并且它們開始擁有名稱 像是《如何贏得朋友和影響他人》（戴爾？卡耐基所著《人性的弱點》） 他們的特點是做自己的榜樣 不得不說確實是好的推銷員 所以這就是我們今天生活的世界 這是我們的文化遺產

　　Now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant， and I'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all。 The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust。 And the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so complex that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together。 But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves， the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems。

　　現在沒有誰能夠說 社交技能是不重要的 并且我也不是想呼吁 大家廢除團隊合作模式 但仍是相同的宗教，卻把他們的圣人送到了孤獨的山頂上 仍然教導我們愛與信任 還有我們今天所要面對的問題 像是在科學和經濟領域 是如此的巨大和復雜 以至于我們需要人們強有力地團結起來 共同解決這些問題 但是我想說，越給內向者自由讓他們做自己 他們就做得越好 去想出他們獨特的關于問題的解決辦法

　　So now I'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today。 Guess what？ Books。 I have a suitcase full of books。 Here's Margaret Atwood， "Cat's Eye。" Here's a novel by Milan Kundera。 And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed" by Maimonides。 But these are not exactly my books。 I brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors。

　　所以現在我很高興同你們分享 我手提箱中的東西 猜猜是什么？ 書 我有一個手提箱里面裝滿了書 這是瑪格麗特·阿特伍德的《貓的眼睛》 這是一本米蘭·昆德拉的書 這是一本《迷途指津》 是邁蒙尼德寫的 但這些實際上都不是我的書 我還是帶著它們，陪伴著我 因為它們都是我祖父最喜愛的作家所寫

　　My grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up， partly because it was filled with his very gentle， very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books。 I mean literally every table， every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books。 Just like the rest of my family， my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read。

　　我的祖父是一名猶太教祭司 他獨身一人 在布魯克林的一間小公寓中居住 那里是我從小到大在這個世界上最喜愛的地方 部分原因是他有著非常溫和親切的，溫文爾雅的舉止 部分原因是那里充滿了書 我的意思是，毫不夸張地說，公寓中的每張桌子，每張椅子 都充分應用著它原有的功能 就是現在作為承載一大堆都在搖曳的書的表面 就像我其他的家庭成員一樣 我祖父在這個世界上最喜歡做的事情就是閱讀

　　But he also loved his congregation， and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi。 He would takes the fruits of each week's reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought。 And people would come from all over to hear him speak。

　　但是他同樣也熱愛他的宗教 并且你們可以從他的講述中感覺到他這種愛 這62年來每周他都作為一名猶太教的祭司 他會從每周的閱讀中汲取養分 并且他會編織這些錯綜復雜的古代和人文主義的思想的掛毯 并且人們會從各個地方前來 聽他的講話

　　But here's the thing about my grandfather。 Underneath this ceremonial role， he was really modest and really introverted —— so much so that when he delivered these sermons， he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years。 And even away from the podium， when you called him to say hello， he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time。 But when he died at the age of 94， the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him。 And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example in my own way。

　　但是有這么一件關于我祖父的事情 在這個正式的角色下隱藏著 他是一個非常謙虛的非常內向的人 是那么的謙虛內向以至于當他在向人們講述的時候 他都不敢有視線上的接觸 和同樣的教堂會眾 他已經發言有62年了 甚至都還遠離領獎臺 當你們讓他說“你好”的時候 他總會提早結束這對話 擔心他會占用你太多的時間 但是當他94歲去世的時候 警察們需要封鎖他所居住的街道鄰里 來容納擁擠的人們 前來哀悼他的人們 這些天來我都試著從我祖父的事例中學習 以我自己的方式

　　So I just published a book about introversion， and it took me about seven years to write。And for me， that seven years was like total bliss， because I was reading， I was writing， I was thinking， I was researching。 It was my version of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library。 But now all of a sudden my job is very different， and my job is to be out here talking about it， talking about introversion。 （Laughter） And that's a lot harder for me，because as honored as I am to be here with all of you right now， this is not my natural milieu。

　　所以我就出版了一本關于內向性格的書 它花了我7年的時間完成它 而對我來說，這七年像是一種極大的喜悅 因為我在閱讀，我在寫作 我在思考，我在探尋 這是我的版本 對于爺爺一天中幾個小時都要獨自待在圖書館這件事 但是現在突然間我的工作變得很不同了 我的工作變成了站在這里講述它 講述內向的性格 （笑聲） 而且這對于我來說是有一點困難的 因為我很榮幸 在現在被你們所有人所傾聽 這可不是我自然的文化背景

　　So I prepared for moments like these as best I could。 I spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance I could get。 And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously。" （Laughter） And that actually helped a lot。 But I'll tell you， what helps even more is my sense， my belief， my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude， we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change。 I mean， we are。 And so I am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision。

　　所以我準備了一會就像這樣 以我所能做到的最好的方式 我花了最近一年的時間練習在公共場合發言 在我能得到的每一個機會中 我把這一年稱作我的“危險地發言的一年” （笑聲） 而且它的確幫了我很大的忙 但是我要告訴你們一個幫我更大的忙的事情 那就是我的感覺，我的信仰，我的希望 當談及我們態度的時候 對于內向性格的，對于安靜，對于獨處的態度時 我們確實是在急劇變化的邊緣上保持微妙的平衡 我的意思是，我們在保持平衡 現在我將要給你們留下一些東西 三件對于你們的行動有幫助的事情 獻給那些觀看我的演講的人

　　Number one： Stop the madness for constant group work。 Just stop it。 （Laughter） Thank you。 （Applause） And I want to be clear about what I'm saying， because I deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual， chatty cafe—style types of interactions —— you know， the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas。That is great。 It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts。 But we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work。 School， same thing。We need to be teaching kids to work together， for sure， but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own。 This is especially important for extroverted children too。They need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part。

　　第一： 停止對于經常要團隊協作的執迷與瘋狂 停止它就好了 （笑聲） 謝謝你們 （掌聲） 我想讓我所說的事情變得清晰一些 因為我對于我們的辦公深信不疑 應該鼓勵它們 那種休閑隨意的，聊天似的咖啡廳式的相互作用—— 你們知道的，道不同不相為謀，人們聚到一起 并且互相交換著寶貴的意見 這是很棒的 這對于內向者很好，同樣對于外向者也好 但是我們需要更多的隱私和更多的自由 還有更多對于我們本身工作的自主權 對于學校，也是同樣的。 我們當然需要教會孩子們要一起學習工作 但是我們同樣需要教會孩子們怎么樣獨立完成任務 這對于外向的孩子們來說同樣是極為重要的 他們需要獨立完成工作 因為從某種程度上，這是他們深刻思考的來源

　　Okay， number two： Go to the wilderness。 Be like Buddha， have your own revelations。 I'm not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again， but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often。

　　好了，第二個：去到野外（打開思維） 就像佛祖一樣，擁有你們自己對于事物的揭示啟迪 我并不是說 我們都要跑去小樹林里建造我們自己的小屋 并且之后就永遠不和別人說話了 但是我要說我們都可以堅持去去除一些障礙物 然后深入我們自己的大腦思想 時不時得再深入一點

　　Number three： Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase and why you put it there。 So extroverts， maybe your suitcases are also full of books。 Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment。 Whatever it is， I hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy。 But introverts， you being you， you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what's inside your own suitcase。 And that's okay。 But occasionally， just occasionally， I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see， because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry。

　　第三點： 好好看一眼你的旅行箱內有什么東西 還有你為什么把它放進去 所以外向者們 也許你們的箱子內同樣堆滿了書 或者它們裝滿了香檳的玻璃酒杯 或者是跳傘運動的設備 不管它是什么，我希望每當你們有機會你們就把它拿出來 用你的能量和你的快樂讓我們感受到美和享受 但是內向者們，你們作為內向者 你們很可能有仔細保護一切的沖動 在你箱子里的東西 這沒有問題 但是偶爾地，只是說偶爾地 我希望你們可以打開你們的手提箱，讓別人看一看 因為這個世界需要你們，同樣需要你們身上所攜帶的你們特有的事物

　　So I wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly。

　　所以對于你們即將走上的所有旅程，我都給予你們我最美好的祝愿 還有溫柔地說話的勇氣

　　Thank you。 Thank you。

　　非常感謝你們

　�。ㄕ坡暎�

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇30

　　When you are a kid, you get asked this one particular question a lot, it really gets kind of annoying. What do you want to be when you grow up? Now, adults are hoping for answers like, I want to be an astronaut or I want to be a neurosurgeon, you’re adults in your imaginations.

　　Kids, they’re most likely to answer with pro-skateboarder, surfer or minecraft player. I asked my little brother, and he said, seriously dude, I’m 10, I have no idea, probably a pro-skier, let’s go get some ice cream.

　　See, us kids are going to answer something we’re stoked on, what we think is cool, what we have experience with, and that’s typically the opposite of what adults want to hear.

　　But if you ask a little kid, sometimes you’ll get the best answer, something so simple, so obvious and really profound. When I grow up, I want to be happy.

　　For me, when I grow up, I want to continue to be happy like I am now. I’m stoked to be here at TedEx, I mean, I’ve been watching Ted videos for as long as I can remember, but I never thought I’d make it on the stage here so soon. I mean, I just became a teenager, and like most teenage boys, I spend most of my time wondering, how did my room get so messy all on its own.

　　Did I take a shower today? And the most perplexing of all, how do I get girls to like me? Neurosciences say that the teenage brain is pretty weird, our prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped, but we actually have more neurons than adults, which is why we can be so creative, and impulsive and moody and get bummed out.

　　But what bums me out is to know that, a lot of kids today are just wishing to be happy, to be healthy, to be safe, not bullied, and be loved for who they are. So it seems to me when adults say, what do you want to be when you grow up? They just assume that you’ll automatically be happy and healthy.

　　Well, maybe that’s not the case, go to school, go to college, get a job, get married, boom, then you’ll be happy, right? You don’t seem to make learning how to be happy and healthy a priority in our schools, it’s separate from schools. And for some kids, it doesn’t exists at all? But what if we didn’t make it separate? What if we based education on the study and practice of being happy and healthy, because that’s what it is, a practice, and a simple practice at that?

　　Education is important, but why is being happy and healthy not considered education, I just don’t get it. So I’ve been studying the science of being happy and healthy. It really comes down to practicing these eight things. Exercise, diet and nutrition, time in nature, contribution, service to others, relationships, recreation, relaxation and stress management, and religious or spiritual involvement, yes, got that one.

　　So these eight things come from Dr. Roger Walsh, he calls them Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes or TLCs for short. He is a scientist that studies how to be happy and healthy. In researching this talk, I got a chance to ask him a few questions like; do you think that our schools today are making these eight TLCs a priority? His response was no surprise, it was essentially no. But he did say that many people do try to get this kind of education outside of the traditional arena, through reading and practices such as meditation or yoga.

　　But what I thought was his best response was that, much of education is oriented for better or worse towards making a living rather than making a life.

　　In 2006, Sir Ken Robinson gave the most popular Ted talk of all time. Schools kill creativity. His message is that creativity is as important as literacy, and we should treat it with the same status.

　　A lot of parents watched those videos, some of those parents like mine counted it as one of the reasons they felt confident to pull their kids from traditional school to try something different. I realized I’m part of this small, but growing revolution of kids who are going about their education differently, and you know what? It freaks a lot of people out.

　　Even though I was only nine, when my parents pulled me out of the school system, I can still remember my mom being in tears when some of her friends told her she was crazy and it was a stupid idea.

　　Looking back, I’m thankful she didn’t cave to peer pressure, and I think she is too. So, out of the 200 million people that have watched Sir Ken Robinson’s talk, why aren’t there more kids like me out there?

　　Shane McConkey is my hero. I loved him because he was the world’s best skier. But then, one day I realized what I really loved about Shane, he was a hacker. Not a computer hacker, he hacked skiing. His creativity and inventions made skiing what it is today, and why I love to ski. A lot of people think of hackers as geeky computer nerds who live in their parent’s basement and spread computer viruses, but I don’t see it that way.

　　Hackers are innovators, hackers are people who challenge and change the systems to make them work differently, to make them work better, it’s just how they think, it’s a mindset.

　　I’m growing up in a world that needs more people with the hacker mindset, and not just for technology, everything is up for being hacked, even skiing, even education. So whether it’s Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg or Shane McConkey having the hacker mindset can change the world.

　　Healthy, happy, creativity in the hacker mindset are all a large part of my education. I call it Hackschooling, I don’t use any one particular curriculum, and I’m not dedicated to any one particular approach, I hack my education.

　　I take advantage of opportunities in my community, and through a network of my friends and family. I take advantage of opportunities to experience what I’m learning, and I’m not afraid to look for shortcuts or hacks to get a better faster result. It’s like a remix or a mash-up of learning. It’s flexible, opportunistic, and it never loses sight of making happy, healthy and creativity a priority.

　　And here is the cool part, because it’s a mindset, not a system. Hackschooling can be used anyone, even traditional schools. Soo what does my school look like? Well, it looks like Starbucks a lot of the time, but like most kids I study lot of math, science, history and writing. I didn’t used to like to write because my teachers made me write about butterflies and rainbows, and I wanted to write about skiing.

　　It was a relief for my good friend’s mom, started the Squaw Valley Kids Institute, where I got to write through my experiences and my interests, while, connecting with great speakers from around the nation, and that sparked my love of writing.

　　I realized that once you’re motivated to learn something, you can get a lot done in a short amount of time, and on your own, Starbucks is pretty great for that. Hacking physics was fun, we learned all about Newton and Galileo, and we experienced some basic physics concepts like kinetic energy through experimenting and making mistakes.

　　My favorite was the giant Newton’s cradle that we made out of bowling balls, no bocce balls. We experimented with lot of other things like bowling balls and event giant jawbreakers.

　　Project Discovery’s ropes course is awesome, and slightly stressful. When you’re 60 feet off the ground, you have to learn how to handle your fears, communicate clearly, and most importantly, trust each other.

　　Community organizations play a big part in my education, High Fives Foundation’s Basics Program being aware and safe in critical situations. We spent a day with the Squaw Valley Ski Patrol to learn more about mountain safety, then the next day we switched to science of snow, weather and avalanches.

　　But most importantly, we learned that making bad decisions puts you and your friends at risk. Young should talk, well brings history to life. You study a famous character in history, and so that you can stand on stage and perform as that character, and answer any question about their lifetime.

　　In this photo, you see Al Capone and Bob Marley getting grilled with questions at the historical Piper’s Opera House in Virginia City, the same stage where Harry Houdini got his start.

　　Time and nature is really important to me, it’s calm, quiet and I get to just log out of reality. I spend one day a week, outside all day. At my Fox Walkers classes, our goal is to be able to survive in the wilderness with just a knife. We learn to listen to nature, we learn to sense our surroundings, and I’ve gained a spiritual connection to nature that, I never knew existed.

　　But the best part is that we get to make spears, bows and arrows, fires with just a bow drill and survival shelters for the snowy nights when we camp out. Hanging out at the Moment Factory where they hand make skis and design clothes, has really inspired me to one day have my own business. The guys at the factory showed me why I need to be good at math, be creative and get good at selling.

　　So I got an internship at Big Shark Print to get better at design and selling. Between fetching lunch, scrubbing toilets and breaking their vacuum cleaner, I’m getting to contribute to clothing design, customizing hats and selling them. The people who work there are happy, healthy, creative, and stoked to be doing what they are doing, this is by far my favorite class.

　　So, this is why I’m really happy, powder days, and it’s a good metaphor for my life, my education, my hackschooling. If everyone ski this mountain, like most people think of education, everyone will be skiing the same line, probably the safest and most of the powder would go untouched.

　　I look at this, and see a thousand possibilities, dropping the corners, shredding the spine, looking for a churning from cliff-to-cliff. Skiing to me is freedom, and so is my education, it’s about being creative; doing things differently, it’s about community and helping each other. It’s about being happy and healthy among my very best friends.

　　So I’m starting to think, I know what I might want to do when I grow up, but if you ask me what do I want to be when I grow up? I’ll always know that I want to be happy. Thank you.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇31

　　I want to start by doing an experiment. I'mgoing to play three videos of a rainy day. But I've replaced the audio of oneof the videos, and instead of the sound of rain, I've added the sound of baconfrying. So I want you think carefully which one the clip with the bacon is.

　　我想用一個實驗來開始我的演講。我將給你們播放三段雨天的視頻。不過我把其中一個視頻里的 音頻換成了別的，它不再是下雨的聲音，變成了煎培根的聲音。我想讓你們認真聽，找出哪個視頻里是煎培根聲。

　　Raise your hand if you've ever been asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?"

　　如果你們曾被問過這個問題，請舉手“你長大之后想干什么?”

　　Now if you had to guess, how old would you say you were when you were first asked this question? You can just hold up fingers. Three. Five. Three. Five. Five. OK. Now, raise your hand if the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" has ever caused you any anxiety.

　　現在大家回想一下，你們第一次被問這個問題是多大?你們可以舉手指頭來示意一下。三歲，五歲，三歲，五歲，五歲，好的。接下來，如果剛剛說的這個問題，“你長大之后想干什么?”曾經讓你感到焦慮，請舉手。

　　Any anxiety at all.

　　哪怕一點點焦慮。

　　I'm someone who's never been able to answer the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?"

　　我永遠無法回答這個問題，“你長大之后想干什么?”

　　See, the problem wasn't that I didn't have any interests -- it's that I had too many. In high school, I liked English and math and art and I built websites and I played guitar in a punk band called Frustrated Telephone Operator. Maybe you've heard of us.

　　并不是說我沒有興趣愛好，而是我的興趣愛好太多。高中的時候，我喜歡英語、數學和藝術，建過網站在一個叫“失意電話話務員”的朋克樂隊當吉他手。也許你們還聽說過我們樂隊呢。

　　This continued after high school, and at a certain point, I began to notice this pattern in myself where I would become interested in an area and I would dive in, become all-consumed, and I'd get to be pretty good at whatever it was, and then I would hit this point where I'd start to get bored. And usually I would try and persist anyway, because I had already devoted so much time and energy and sometimes money into this field. But eventually this sense of boredom, this feeling of, like, yeah, I got this, this isn't challenging anymore -- it would get to be too much. And I would have to let it go.

　　高中畢業后我也依舊興趣廣泛，某一天，我發現自己有一個行為模式，我會對某一個領域感興趣，然后一頭扎進去，認真鉆研，變得越來越擅長，但到了某一個階段，我就會開始覺得無聊。通常我會繼續堅持下去，因為我已經投入了很多時間和精力，有時候還有金錢。但是最終這種無聊的感覺，就像在說，哦，這事我已經會了，已經沒有任何挑戰了，再繼續也不會有多大成就了。我必須要放手。

　　But then I would become interested in something else, something totally unrelated, and I would dive into that, and become all-consumed, and I'd be like, "Yes! I found my thing," and then I would hit this point again where I'd start to get bored. And eventually, I would let it go. But then I would discover something new and totally different, and I would dive into that.

　　但之后我可能又會對另一些事感興趣，跟之前完全不同的領域，我又會一頭扎進去，認真鉆研，然后說，“太棒了!這就是我的菜!”之后我又會達到那個階段，開始覺得無聊。最后，我又會放棄。 之后我又會發現新的興趣，不同的領域 然后一頭扎進去。

　　This pattern caused me a lot of anxiety, for two reasons. The first was that I wasn't sure how I was going to turn any of this into a career. I thought that I would eventually have to pick one thing, deny all of my other passions, and just resign myself to being bored. The other reason it caused me so much anxiety was a little bit more personal. I worried that there was something wrong with this, and something wrong with me for being unable to stick with anything. I worried that I was afraid of commitment, or that I was scattered, or that I was self-sabotaging, afraid of my own success.

　　這種模式讓我非常焦慮，原因有兩點。 一是我不確定 如何才能將這些興趣變成我的職業。 我覺得自己最終會從 (這些興趣)里面挑一個，而對其他愛好忍痛割愛， 做好將來一定會無聊的心理準備。 讓我非常焦慮的第二個原因， 跟我自身有關。 我擔心自己的這種行為模式是錯的， 自己這么朝三暮四，是不是錯了。我是不是害怕做出承諾， 或者自由散漫，破罐子破摔， 懼怕成功。

　　If you can relate to my story and to these feelings, I'd like you to ask yourself a question that I wish I had asked myself back then. Ask yourself where you learned to assign the meaning of wrong or abnormal to doing many things. I'll tell you where you learned it: you learned it from the culture.

　　如果你能理解我的故事和我的感受，請你們問自己一個問題，這個問題我早就該問自己的。就是，你是從哪里學到該如何判斷我們的所作所為是錯誤的或者不正常的。 我來告訴你答案： 是從我們的文化中學到的。

　　We are first asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" when we're about five years old. And the truth is that no one really cares what you say when you're that age.

　　我們第一次被問到“你長大之后想干什么?”是在差不多五歲的時候。其實像你那么大的時候沒有人會真的.關心你說了什么。

　　It's considered an innocuous question, posed to little kids to elicit cute replies, like, "I want to be an astronaut," or "I want to be a ballerina," or "I want to be a pirate." Insert Halloween costume here.

　　這僅僅是一個無傷大雅的問題，為的是讓小朋友做出可愛的回應，比如，“我想當宇航員”，或者“我想當芭蕾舞演員”，或者“我想當海盜”。此處應加萬圣節服裝的特效。

　　But this question gets asked of us again and again as we get older in various forms -- for instance, high school students might get asked what major they're going to pick in college. And at some point, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" goes from being the cute exercise it once was to the thing that keeps us up at night. Why?

　　然而這個問題，在我們成長的過程中會不斷被問到形式多種多樣，比如，高中生會被問到，你們在大學準備選什么專業。突然有一天， “你長大之后想干什么?” 從原本一種秀可愛的方式 變成了讓我們寢食難安的難題。為什么會這樣?

　　See, while this question inspires kids to dream about what they could be, it does not inspire them to dream about all that they could be. In fact, it does just the opposite, because when someone asks you what you want to be, you can't reply with 20 different things, though well-meaning adults will likely chuckle and be like, "Oh, how cute, but you can't be a violin maker and a psychologist. You have to choose."

　　盡管這個問題鼓勵小朋友想象自己將來要做什么，但它并未給小朋友充分想象的自由。恰恰相反，它限制了小朋友想象的自由，因為有人問你長大后想做什么，你不可能回答20種不同的職業，盡管有些善良的大人會笑呵呵地說，“哦，你太可愛了，但是你不能同時成為小提琴制作家和心理學家啊。你必須選一個�！�

　　This is Dr. Bob Childs -- and he's a luthier and psychotherapist. And this is Amy Ng, a magazine editor turned illustrator, entrepreneur, teacher and creative director. But most kids don't hear about people like this. All they hear is that they're going to have to choose. But it's more than that. The notion of the narrowly focused life is highly romanticized in our culture. It's this idea of destiny or the one true calling, the idea that we each have one great thing we are meant to do during our time on this earth, and you need to figure out what that thing isand devote your life to it.

　　這位是鮑勃·柴爾茲博士，他是一名弦樂器工匠和心理醫生。這位是艾米·恩，之前是雜志編輯，后來成為插畫作家，企業家教師和創意總監。但大部分孩子都沒聽說過他們。他們聽到的只是要他們進行選擇和取舍。 事情遠不止這么簡單。 一生都心無旁騖的這一觀念， 在我們的文化中被過分浪漫化了。 這種命運論或者說 “命中注定的職業”的概念， 意思是我們每個人都有一份 命中注定的偉大事業，我們需要找到它， 并為之奮斗一生。

　　But what if you're someone who isn't wired this way? What if there are a lot of different subjects that you're curious about, and many different things you want to do? Well, there is no room for someone like you in this framework. And so you might feel alone. You might feel like you don't have a purpose. And you might feel like there's something wrong with you. There's nothing wrong with you. What you are is a multipotentialite.

　　但如果你不是這樣的人呢?如果你對很多事都有好奇心，想去嘗試各種各樣的職業呢?那么在現有體系中，你很難有容身之處。你也許會感到孤獨。你也許會覺得自己沒有目標。你也許會覺得自己是不是有問題。你沒有問題。你是一名“多重潛力者”。

　　A multipotentialite is someone with many interests and creative pursuits. It's a mouthful to say. It might help if you break it up into three parts: multi, potential, and ite. You can also use one of the other terms that connote the same idea, such as polymath, the Renaissance person. Actually, during the Renaissance period, it was considered the ideal to be well-versed in multiple disciplines. Barbara Sher refers to us as "scanners." Use whichever term you like, or invent your own. I have to say I find it sort of fitting that as a community, we cannot agree on a single identity.

　　“多重潛力者”擁有多種興趣并且追求創新。聽起來很費解吧。如果把它拆成三部分可能比較好理解：多重的，有潛力的，人。你也可以用其他詞來表述類似的意思，比如“博學者”，或者“文藝復興者”。實際上，在文藝復興時代，精通多個學科是非常被推崇的。芭芭拉·謝爾稱我們為“掃描儀”。你可以選擇一個自己喜歡的詞，或者創造一個新的。我感覺自己找到了組織，因為我們無法接受只有一種身份。

　　It's easy to see your multipotentiality as a limitation or an affliction that you need to overcome. But what I've learned through speaking with people and writing about these ideas on my website, is that there are some tremendous strengths to being this way. Here are three multipotentialite super powers.

　　人們很容易把多重潛力視為一種局限或者痛苦，需要克服。但我通過與人們交流，以及把這些觀點發到我的網站上，我發現多重潛力者有很多優點。多重潛力者擁有三種“超能力”。

　　One: idea synthesis. That is, combining two or more fields and creating something new at the intersection.Sha Hwang and Rachel Binx drew from their shared interests in cartography, data visualization, travel, mathematics and design, when they founded Meshu. Meshu is a company that creates custom geographically-inspired jewelry. Sha and Rachel came up with this unique idea not despite, but because of their eclectic mix of skills and experiences. Innovation happens at the intersections. That's where the new ideas come from. And multipotentialites, with all of their backgrounds, are able to access a lot of these points of intersection.

　　第一是產生創意。就是說，結合兩個或兩個以上領域從結合處尋求創新。黃沙和瑞秋·賓克斯找到了共同的興趣愛好，像制圖，數據可視化，旅行，數學和設計，之后他們創辦了Meshu。 Meshu是一家定制珠寶公司，專門制作具有地域特色的珠寶。黃沙和瑞秋之所以能產生這個獨特的創意，正是因為他倆博學多才，經歷豐富。創新來源于交叉處。新創意(大都)來源于此。而多重潛力者，擁有豐富的(知識)背景，能夠在各領域交叉處找到突破點。

　　The second multipotentialite superpower is rapid learning. When multipotentialites become interested in something, we go hard. We observe everything we can get our hands on. We're also used to being beginners, because we've been beginners so many times in the past, and this means that we're less afraid of trying new things and stepping out of our comfort zones. What's more, many skills are transferable across disciplines, and we bring everything we've learned to every new area we pursue, so we're rarely starting from scratch.

　　多重潛力者的第二種超能力是快速學習。當多重潛力者對某件事產生興趣時， 我們會全身心投入。 我們仔細觀察，勤于實踐。 我們已經習慣于當初學者，因為我們過去曾當過無數次初學者， 我們不怕嘗試新事物， 勇于走出舒適區。 除此以外，很多能力在各個學科都是通用的， 我們將之前所學用于新領域， 而不用從零開始。

　　Nora Dunn is a full-time traveler and freelance writer. As a child concert pianist, she honed an incredible ability to develop muscle memory. Now, she's the fastest typist she knows.

　　諾拉·鄧恩是一位全職旅行家和自由作家。作為一名兒童鋼琴演奏家，她磨練出了非凡的能力來發展肌肉記憶。因此，她是她所有認識的人中打字最快的。

　　Before becoming a writer, Nora was a financial planner. She had to learn the finer mechanics of sales when she was starting her practice, and this skill now helps her write compelling pitches to editors. It is rarely a waste of time to pursue something you're drawn to, even if you end up quitting. You might apply that knowledge in a different field entirely, in a way that you couldn't have anticipated.

　　在當作家之前，諾拉是一名理財師。在初入這行的時候，她不得不學習一些高明的銷售技巧，如今這項技能被她用來給編輯寫精彩的推薦語。追求你感興趣的東西并不是浪費時間，即使最后你并沒有堅持到底。也許將來你會把這些知識用在一個完全不同的領域，用一種你完全預料不到的方式。

　　The third multipotentialite superpower is adaptability; that is, the ability to morph into whatever you need to be in a given situation. Abe Cajudo is sometimes a video director, sometimes a web designer, sometimes a Kickstarter consultant, sometimes a teacher, and sometimes, apparently, James Bond.

　　第三種“超能力”是適應性。 也就是說，如果有需要， 你能變成任何角色， 以適應不同的情況。 艾比·卡胡多有時候是視頻導演， 有時候是網站設計師， 有時候是眾籌顧問， 有時候是老師， 有時候，很明顯，是詹姆斯·邦德。

　　He's valuable because he does good work. He's even more valuable because he can take on various roles,depending on his clients' needs. Fast Company magazine identified adaptability as the single most important skill to develop in order to thrive in the 21st century. The economic world is changing so quickly and unpredictably that it is the individuals and organizations that can pivot in order to meet the needs of the market that are really going to thrive.

　　他擁有出色的工作能力。更重要的是他可以隨時切換自己的角色，來滿足客戶的需要。《快公司》雜志認為，要想在21世紀取得成功，適應性是最重要的一項技能。經濟界的變化如此迅速且無法預測，那些能夠根據市場需要進行調整的個人和公司才有可能取得成功。

　　Idea synthesis, rapid learning and adaptability: three skills that multipotentialites are very adept at, and three skills that they might lose if pressured to narrow their focus. As a society, we have a vested interest in encouraging multipotentialites to be themselves. We have a lot of complex, multidimensional problems in the world right now, and we need creative, out-of-the-box thinkers to tackle them.

　　產生創意，快速學習和適應性是多重潛力者非常擅長的三種能力，如果強迫他們縮小自己的關注范圍，這三種能力也許就會喪失。作為一個社會，鼓勵多重潛力者保持本色對我們有利。我們如今面臨許多復雜問題，涉及許多方面， 我們需要有創意的、能破除思維定式的 思想者來解決這些問題。

　　Now, let's say that you are, in your heart, a specialist. You came out of the womb knowing you wanted to be a pediatric neurosurgeon. Don't worry -- there's nothing wrong with you, either.

　　我們假設，內心深處，你是一名專家。你從打娘胎里出來就知道你想當一名兒童神經外科醫生。別擔心，即使這樣你也挺正常的。

　　In fact, some of the best teams are comprised of a specialist and multipotentialite paired together. The specialist can dive in deep and implement ideas, while the multipotentialite brings a breadth of knowledge to the project. It's a beautiful partnership. But we should all be designing lives and careers that are aligned with how we're wired. And sadly, multipotentialites are largely being encouraged simply to be more like their specialist peers.

　　事實上，一些頂尖團隊就是由專家和多重潛力者搭配組成。專家可以深入研究，實踐想法，而多重潛力者可以為項目帶來更廣泛的知識支持。這是一種美妙的合作。但是我們都應該根據自己的天賦來規劃與之相適應的人生和職業。不幸的是，多重潛力者往往被要求成為(剛剛提到的)團隊中的那個專家。

　　So with that said, if there is one thing you take away from this talk, I hope that it is this: embrace your inner wiring, whatever that may be. If you're a specialist at heart, then by all means, specialize. That is where you'll do your best work. But to the multipotentialites in the room, including those of you who may have just realized in the last 12 minutes that you are one --

　　所以，如果你從今天的演講中學到了一件事的話，我希望會是： 接受你內心的真實想法。 如果你是專家型的人， 那就用盡一切辦法，成為專家。你會干得非常不錯。 但對于在座的多重潛力者們， 包括那些在過去的12分鐘里 剛剛意識到自己是多重潛力者的人。

　　To you I say: embrace your many passions. Follow your curiosity down those rabbit holes. Explore your intersections. Embracing our inner wiring leads to a happier, more authentic life. And perhaps more importantly -- multipotentialites, the world needs us.Thank you.

　　我要對你們說：接受你的眾多愛好。保持你的好奇心。探索(不同領域的)交叉地帶。讓真實的自我引領我們去過更快樂、更真實的人生。也許更重要的是，(我們是)多重潛力者，這個世界需要我們。謝謝大家。

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇32

　　This is Tim Ferriss circa 1979 A.D. Age two. You can tell by the power squat, I was a very confident boy -- and not without reason. I had a very charming routine at the time, which was to wait until late in the evening when my parents were decompressing from a hard day's work, doing their crossword puzzles, watching television. I would run into the living room, jump up on the couch, rip the cushions off, throw them on the floor, scream at the top of my lungs and run out because I was the Incredible Hulk. (Laughter) Obviously, you see the resemblance. And this routine went on for some time.

　　When I was seven I went to summer camp. My parents found it necessary for peace of mind. And at noon each day the campers would go to a pond, where they had floating docks. You could jump off the end into the deep end. I was born premature. I was always very small. My left lung had collapsed when I was born. And I've always had buoyancy problems. So water was something that scared me to begin with. But I would go in on occasion. And on one particular day, the campers were jumping through inner tubes, They were diving through inner tubes. And I thought this would be great fun. So I dove through the inner tube, and the bully of the camp grabbed my ankles. And I tried to come up for air, and my lower back hit the bottom of the inner tube. And I went wild eyed and thought I was going to die. A camp counselor fortunately came over and separated us. From that point onward I was terrified of swimming. That is something that I did not get over. My inability to swim has been one of my greatest humiliations and embarrassments. That is when I realized that I was not the Incredible Hulk.

　　But there is a happy ending to this story. At age 31 -- that's my age now -- in August I took two weeks to re-examine swimming, and question all the of the obvious aspects of swimming. And went from swimming one lap -- so 20 yards -- like a drowning monkey, at about 200 beats per minute heart rate -- I measured it -- to going to Montauk on Long Island, close to where I grew up, and jumping into the ocean and swimming one kilometer in open water, getting out and feeling better than when I went in. And I came out, in my Speedos, European style, feeling like the Incredible Hulk.

　　And that's what I want everyone in here to feel like, the Incredible Hulk, at the end of this presentation. More specifically, I want you to feel like you're capable of becoming an excellent long-distance swimmer, a world-class language learner, and a tango champion. And I would like to share my art. If I have an art, it's deconstructing things that really scare the living hell out of me. So, moving onward.

　　Swimming, first principles. First principles, this is very important. I find that the best results in life are often held back by false constructs and untested assumptions. And the turnaround in swimming came when a friend of mine said, "I will go a year without any stimulants" -- this is a six-double-espresso-per-day type of guy -- "if you can complete a one kilometer open water race." So the clock started ticking. I started seeking out triathletes because I found that lifelong swimmers often couldn't teach what they did. I tried kickboards. My feet would slice through the water like razors, I wouldn't even move. I would leave demoralized, staring at my feet. Hand paddles, everything. Even did lessons with Olympians -- nothing helped. And then Chris Sacca, who is now a dear friend mine, had completed an Iron Man with 103 degree temperature, said, "I have the answer to your prayers." And he introduced me to the work of a man named Terry Laughlin who is the founder of Total Immersion Swimming. That set me on the road to examining biomechanics.

　　So here are the new rules of swimming, if any of you are afraid of swimming, or not good at it. The first is, forget about kicking. Very counterintuitive. So it turns out that propulsion isn't really the problem. Kicking harder doesn't solve the problem because the average swimmer only transfers about three percent of their energy expenditure into forward motion. The problem is hydrodynamics. So what you want to focus on instead is allowing your lower body to draft behind your upper body, much like a small car behind a big car on the highway. And you do that by maintaining a horizontal body position. The only way you can do that is to not swim on top of the water. The body is denser than water. 95 percent of it would be, at least, submerged naturally.

　　So you end up, number three, not swimming, in the case of freestyle, on your stomach, as many people think, reaching on top of the water. But actually rotating from streamlined right to streamlined left, maintaining that fuselage position as long as possible. So let's look at some examples. This is Terry. And you can see that he's extending his right arm below his head and far in front. And so his entire body really is underwater. The arm is extended below the head. The head is held in line with the spine, so that you use strategic water pressure to raise your legs up -- very important, especially for people with lower body fat. Here is an example of the stroke. So you don't kick. But you do use a small flick. You can see this is the left extension. Then you see his left leg. Small flick, and the only purpose of that is to rotate his hips so he can get to the opposite side. And the entry point for his right hand -- notice this, he's not reaching in front and catching the water. Rather, he is entering the water at a 45-degree angle with his forearm, and then propelling himself by streamlining -- very important. Incorrect, above, which is what almost every swimming coach will teach you. Not their fault, honestly. And I'll get to implicit versus explicit in a moment. Below is what most swimmers will find enables them to do what I did, which is going from 21 strokes per 20-yard length to 11 strokes in two workouts with no coach, no video monitoring. And now I love swimming. I can't wait to go swimming. I'll be doing a swimming lesson later, for myself, if anyone wants to join me.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇33

　　When people find out I write about time management, they assume two things. One is that I'm always on time, and I'm not. I have four small children, and I would like to blame them for my occasional tardiness, but sometimes it's just not their fault. I was once late to my own speech on time management.

　　當人們發現我寫關于時間管理的文章時，他們都會假設兩件事：第一，我永遠都準時，但我并不是。我有四個小孩，我偶爾將遲到歸咎于他們，不過有時候真的不是因為他們。我有一次在去我的一個關于時間管理的演講時遲到了。

　　We all had to just take a moment together and savor that irony.

　　我們都需要一點時間去好好地體味一下這有多么諷刺。

　　The second thing they assume is that I have lots of tips and tricks for saving bits of time here and there.Sometimes I'll hear from magazines that are doing a story along these lines, generally on how to help their readers find an extra hour in the day. And the idea is that we'll shave bits of time off everyday activities, add it up, and we'll have time for the good stuff.

　　第二，人們總是假設我有很多關于如何節省時間的貼士和技巧。有時候我聽說一些雜志 在寫這方面的故事，通常都是關于教讀者如何在一天中獲得額外一個小時�；�本思路就是從日常的每個活動中擠出一點時間，加起來，然后我們就有時間去做更有意思的事情了。

　　I question the entire premise of this piece, but I'm always interested in hearing what they've come up with before they call me. Some of my favorites:doing errands where you only have to make right-hand turns.

　　我對這個說法持保留意見，不過我還是愿意聽聽他們在找我之前有什么想法。我最喜歡的幾個是：只完成那些只需要右轉的事;

　　Being extremely judicious in microwave usage: it says three to three-and-a-half minutes on the package, we're totally getting in on the bottom side of that. And my personal favorite, which makes sense on some level, is to DVR your favorite shows so you can fast-forward through the commercials.

　　在用微波爐時，要極度審慎：當食物包裝上面寫了3到3.5分鐘時，我們要挑時間最短的那個。我個人最喜歡的是，錄下你最喜歡看的電視劇，然后你就可以跳過廣告了。其實在某個程度上，還是挺有道理的。

　　That way, you save eight minutes every half hour, so in the course of two hours of watching TV, you find 32 minutes to exercise.

　　這樣，你每半個小時就可以擠出八分鐘。那么你蔥用來看電視的兩個小時中，可以擠出32分鐘鍛煉的時間。

　　Which is true. You know another way to find 32 minutes to exercise? Don't watch two hours of TV a day, right?

　　倒的確是這么回事兒。你還知道其他可以找到32分鐘鍛煉時間的方法嗎?不要每天都看兩個小時電視就行了，對吧? (笑聲)

　　Anyway, the idea is we'll save bits of time here and there, add it up, we will finally get to everything we want to do. But after studying how successful people spend their time and looking at their schedules hour by hour, I think this idea has it completely backward.

　　總之，就是要在各處都省點時間，加起來就有時間做我們想做的事了。但在我了解成功的人如何分配時間，并看過了他們的時間表后，我覺得這個想法是完全本末倒置的。

　　We don't build the lives we want by saving time. We build the lives we want, and then time saves itself.

　　我們不是通過節省時間來打造我們想過的生活。我們應該先建立我們想要的生活，時間就會自然而然節省出來。

　　Here's what I mean. I recently did a time diary project looking at 1,001 days in the lives of extremely busy women. They had demanding jobs, sometimes their own businesses, kids to care for, maybe parents to care for, community commitments -- busy, busy people.

　　我來解釋一下。我最近有個時間日記項目，觀察最忙碌的女士生命中的1001天。她們工作繁忙，有時候是自己的生意，有時候要照顧自己的孩子，或者是照顧父母，還有服務社區等等——都是一些很忙的人。

　　I had them keep track of their time for a week so I could add up how much they worked and slept, and I interviewed them about their strategies, for my book.

　　我讓她們記錄了一星期的行程，計算她們工作和睡覺的時間，為了我的書，我還采訪 了解了她們的常用策略。

　　One of the women whose time log I studied goes out on a Wednesday night for something. She comes home to find that her water heater has broken, and there is now water all over her basement. If you've ever had anything like this happen to you, you know it is a hugely damaging, frightening, sopping mess.

　　其中一個被我研究過時間表的`女士，在一個周三晚上出去了一趟，回家發現她的熱水器壞了，地下室都被水淹了。如果你也遇到過這種事兒的話，你會知道眼前的景象多么令人崩潰和沮喪。

　　So she's dealing with the immediate aftermath that night, next day she's got plumbers coming in, day after that, professional cleaning crew dealing with the ruined carpet. All this is being recorded on her time log. Winds up taking seven hours of her week. Seven hours. That's like finding an extra hour in the day.

　　于是那個晚上她立刻著手處理，第二天她找了一個水管工，第三天找了專業的清理人員 來處理損壞的地毯。所有這些都算在了她的時間表內。總共花了她一周中的七個小時。七個小時。這就等于一周七天每天都要擠出一個小時。

　　But I'm sure if you had asked her at the start of the week, "Could you find seven hours to train for a triathlon?" "Could you find seven hours to mentor seven worthy people?" I'm sure she would've said what most of us would've said, which is, "No -- can't you see how busy I am?" Yet when she had to find seven hours because there is water all over her basement, she found seven hours.

　　但是假如你在這一周剛開始時就問她，“你能在這周抽出七個小時來參加鐵人三項嗎?”，“你能在這周抽出七個小時指導七個有潛力的人嗎?“ 我確定她會像大多數人一樣， 說，”怎么可能，你看不出我有多忙嗎?“ 但是她最后不得不抽出七個小時，因為她的地下室都被水淹了， 她擠出了這七個小時。

　　And what this shows us is that time is highly elastic. We cannot make more time, but time will stretch to accommodate what we choose to put into it.

　　這件事告訴我們：時間是有彈性的。我們不能創造更多時間，但是時間會自己調整去適應我們選擇去做的事情。

　　And so the key to time management is treating our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater. To get at this, I like to use language from one of the busiest people I ever interviewed. By busy, I mean she was running a small business with 12 people on the payroll, she had six children in her spare time.

　　所以時間管理的關鍵，就是對待最重要的事情應該像對待那個壞了的熱水器一樣。要做到這一點，我要借用我采訪過最忙的人的話。她經營著一個小企業，請了十二名員工，空余時間她還要照顧六個孩子。

　　I was getting in touch with her to set up an interview on how she "had it all" -- that phrase. I remember it was a Thursday morning, and she was not available to speak with me. Of course, right?

　　我聯系上了她，想要采訪她關于她是怎么做到“無所不能”的。我記得那是一個星期四的早晨，她沒時間和我說話。當然了，她很忙。

　　But the reason she was unavailable to speak with me is that she was out for a hike, because it was a beautiful spring morning, and she wanted to go for a hike. So of course this makes me even more intrigued, and when I finally do catch up with her, she explains it like this. She says, "Listen Laura, everything I do, every minute I spend, is my choice."

　　但是她沒時間和我說話的原因是，她去遠足了。因為那是春季一個美麗的清晨，所以她去遠足了。這樣的她讓我變得更感興趣了，當我最終聯系上她時，她說：“聽我說，勞拉，我做的所有的事情，我花的每分每秒，都是我的選擇。

　　And rather than say, "I don't have time to do x, y or z," she'd say, "I don't do x, y or z because it's not a priority." "I don't have time," often means "It's not a priority."

　　”所以與其說， ”我沒有時間做這個，這個，或者那個�！� 她會說：”我不做這些事情因為這些不是我的首要任務。““我沒有時間”的意思通常是 ”那不是我的首要任務”。

　　If you think about it, that's really more accurate language. I could tell you I don't have time to dust my blinds, but that's not true. If you offered to pay me $100,000 to dust my blinds, I would get to it pretty quickly.

　　其實你想想， 那的確是更準確的說法。我可能會告訴你我沒有時間清理百葉窗，但那不是真的。假如你愿意付我10萬美金讓我給百葉窗除塵，我會馬上就去做。 (笑聲)

　　Since that is not going to happen, I can acknowledge this is not a matter of lacking time; it's that I don't want to do it. Using this language reminds us that time is a choice. And granted, there may be horrible consequences for making different choices, I will give you that.

　　既然那不可能發生，我可以說不是因為時間不夠，而是我不想做。這么說提醒了我們， 時間是一種選擇。我會告訴你，當然，不同的選擇有時候會帶來可怕的后果。

　　But we are smart people, and certainly over the long run, we have the power to fill our lives with the things that deserve to be there.

　　但是我們都是聰明人，從長遠來看，我們有能力去選擇一些值得做的事，來填補我們生命中的時間。那么我們應該怎么做呢?

　　So how do we do that? How do we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater?

　　我們要如何像對待那個壞了的熱水器一樣對待我們的首要任務?首先，我們需要找出哪些事最重要。

　　Well, first we need to figure out what they are. I want to give you two strategies for thinking about this.The first, on the professional side: I'm sure many people coming up to the end of the year are giving or getting annual performance reviews. You look back over your successes over the year, your "opportunities for growth." And this serves its purpose, but I find it's more effective to do this looking forward.

　　我想給你們分享兩個技巧。第一個，從職業的角度來說：我相信許多人在年底的時候，會發出或者收到年度績效審查。你回頭看看這一年的成功和 “成長的機會”。這的確起到了它的作用，但是我發現往前看會更有效。

　　So I want you to pretend it's the end of next year. You're giving yourself a performance review,and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you professionally. What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing? So you can write next year's performance review now.

　　我想讓你們把這當做下一年的年底。你在給自己做年度績效審查，在專業方面，這一年的表現非常出眾。是哪三到五件事使這一年變得如此出眾?你現在就可以寫明年的績效審查。

　　And you can do this for your personal life, too. I'm sure many of you, like me, come December, get cards that contain these folded up sheets of colored paper, on which is written what is known as the family holiday letter.

　　你也可以在個人生活方面這么做。我相信你們許多人，包括我，在十二月，都會收到這種夾著彩色紙的卡片。上面寫著“家庭假日信件”。

　　Bit of a wretched genre of literature, really, going on about how amazing everyone in the household is,or even more scintillating, how busy everyone in the household is. But these letters serve a purpose,which is that they tell your friends and family what you did in your personal life that mattered to you over the year.

　　聽起來像是一個挺悲慘的文學題材，談論家里每個人有多了不起，或者更精彩點，家里每個人有多忙。但是這些信有它們的用處，它們告訴你的朋友和家人你這一年里做了什么對個人生活有意義的事。

　　So this year's kind of done, but I want you to pretend it's the end of next year, and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you and the people you care about. What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing? So you can write next year's family holiday letter now. Don't send it.

　　那么今年快要結束了，我想讓你假裝這是明年的年底，對你和你在乎的人來說，這都是無與倫比的一年。哪三到五件事讓你這一年表現如此出色?其實你現在就可以寫明年的家庭假日信件了。先不要發出去。

　　Please, don't send it. But you can write it. And now, between the performance review and the family holiday letter, we have a list of six to ten goals we can work on in the next year.

　　真的，不要發出去。但是你可以寫�，F在，有了績效評估和寫給家人的信，我們就有了六到十個明年可以努力的目標。我們需要先把他們分成可行的階段性任務。

　　And now we need to break these down into doable steps. So maybe you want to write a family history.First, you can read some other family histories, get a sense for the style. Then maybe think about the questions you want to ask your relatives, set up appointments to interview them. Or maybe you want to run a 5K. So you need to find a race and sign up, figure out a training plan, and dig those shoes out of the back of the closet.

　　或許你要寫一個家族傳記。首先嗎，你可以讀讀別人的家族歷史，了解一下大概的風格 然后可以想象你要問親戚的問題，約定和他們見面談話的時間�；蛘吣阆胍獏⒓右粋�五千米的短程馬拉松。你需要先找一個競賽報名，再做一個培訓計劃，從衣柜底下翻出你的運動鞋。

　　And then -- this is key -- we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater, by putting them into our schedules first. We do this by thinking through our weeks before we are in them.

　　然后——這是關鍵——我們將我們的首要事件視為那個壞掉的熱水器，將它們優先放入我們的日程表里。我們要在事情發生的幾周前就先想好。

　　I find a really good time to do this is Friday afternoons. Friday afternoon is what an economist might calla "low opportunity cost" time. Most of us are not sitting there on Friday afternoons saying, "I am excited to make progress toward my personal and professional priorities right now."

　　我發現周五的下午最適合處理這事兒。周五的下午是被經濟學家稱為“低機會成本”時間。我們大部分人不會在周五下午想著，“我要朝我的個人和職業生涯的首要事件邁進了， 所以很興奮�！�

　　But we are willing to think about what those should be. So take a little bit of time Friday afternoon, make yourself a three-category priority list: career, relationships, self. Making a three-category list reminds usthat there should be something in all three categories.

　　但是我們愿意去想那些事是什么。所以在周五下午花一點時間，為自己做一個分成三類的首要事件的列表：事業、人際關系、個人。這樣的三項分類列表提醒了我們每一個類別都應該有一些事。

　　Career, we think about; relationships, self -- not so much. But anyway, just a short list, two to three items in each. Then look out over the whole of the next week, and see where you can plan them in.

　　事業，我們經�？紤];人際關系，個人——很少會想。無論如何，只要一個短短的列表，每個都包含兩到三件事。它們會幫助我們看清下周，如何在下周計劃這些事情。你可以決定如何計劃。

　　Where you plan them in is up to you. I know this is going to be more complicated for some people than others. I mean, some people's lives are just harder than others. It is not going to be easy to find time to take that poetry class if you are caring for multiple children on your own. I get that. And I don't want to minimize anyone's struggle. But I do think that the numbers I am about to tell you are empowering.

　　這可能對一些人來說會比較困難一點。我的意思是，有些人的人生就是比較復雜。如果你自己有好幾個要照顧的小孩，想要找時間去參加詩歌班一定不容易。我懂。我不想輕視任何人的困難。但是我覺得我接下來要說的數字，是會改變你的想法的。

　　There are 168 hours in a week. Twenty-four times seven is 168 hours. That is a lot of time. If you are working a full-time job, so 40 hours a week, sleeping eight hours a night, so 56 hours a week -- that leaves 72 hours for other things. That is a lot of time.

　　我們每周都有168個小時，24乘以7是168個小時。這是一段很長時間。假如你有一個全職的工作，一周是40個小時，每晚睡八個小時，一周是56個小時，我們有剩下72個小時來做其他事情。這是一段很長的時間。

　　You say you're working 50 hours a week, maybe a main job and a side hustle. Well, that leaves 62 hours for other things. You say you're working 60 hours. Well, that leaves 52 hours for other things. You say you're working more than 60 hours. Well, are you sure?

　　假如你說你每周工作50個小時，比如一份全職和一份兼職。這樣你還是有60小時去做其他的事情。假如你說你每周工作60個小時，你還是有52個小時去做其他的事情。你說你每周工作超過60個小時，你確定嗎?

　　There was once a study comparing people's estimated work weeks with time diaries. They found that people claiming 75-plus-hour work weeks were off by about 25 hours.

　　曾經有一個研究對比了人們估計的工作時間，和實際的工作日記。他們發現那些表示工作超過75小時的人，有25小時的誤差。

　　You can guess in which direction, right? Anyway, in 168 hours a week, I think we can find time for what matters to you.

　　你可以猜到這個誤差是多了還是少了吧?無論如何，在一周的168個小時里，我覺得我們總可以找到時間做我們想做的事。

　　If you want to spend more time with your kids, you want to study more for a test you're taking, you want to exercise for three hours and volunteer for two, you can. And that's even if you're working way more than full-time hours.

　　如果你想花時間陪陪你的孩子，或者準備你即將到來的考試，你想鍛煉兩三個小時或者 做兩個小時志愿者，你都可以的。即便你的工作時間遠超過法定時間。

　　So we have plenty of time, which is great, because guess what? We don't even need that much time to do amazing things. But when most of us have bits of time, what do we do? Pull out the phone, right?Start deleting emails. Otherwise, we're puttering around the house or watching TV.

　　所以我們有很多時間，這很好。但是你知道嗎?我們根本不需要那么多時間去完成一個大目標。但當我們有一點空閑時間的時候，我們會做什么?拿出手機，是吧?開始刪除郵件�；蛘咴诩依镩e逛，看電視。

　　But small moments can have great power. You can use your bits of time for bits of joy. Maybe it's choosing to read something wonderful on the bus on the way to work.

　　但是每個不起眼的時刻都潛力無限。你可以用零星的時間，來獲得零星的快樂。比如說在去上班的公車上讀一些精彩的東西。

　　I know when I had a job that required two bus rides and a subway ride every morning, I used to go to the library on weekends to get stuff to read. It made the whole experience almost, almost, enjoyable. Breaks at work can be used for meditating or praying. If family dinner is out because of your crazy work schedule, maybe family breakfast could be a good substitute.

　　當我以前的工作需要我每天早上乘兩趟公車和一趟地鐵的時候，我周末會去圖書館找東西來讀。這幾乎，幾乎讓我的生活更豐富了。工作間隙的休息時間可以用來冥想或者禱告。如果你因為工作忙而不能吃家庭晚餐，試一下家庭早餐。

　　It's about looking at the whole of one's time and seeing where the good stuff can go. I truly believe this.There is time. Even if we are busy, we have time for what matters. And when we focus on what matters, we can build the lives we want in the time we've got.

　　這就是看著一個人所有的時間，然后找到什么時候可以做想做的事。我真的相信，我們都有充分的時間。就算我們很忙，我們仍然有時間去做重要的事。當我們關注在重要的事上時，我們可以用所擁有的時間創造我們想要的生活。

　　Thank you.

　　謝謝。

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇34

　　The power of yet.

　　專注過程，而不是結果。

　　I heard about a highschool in Chicago where students had to pass a certain number of courses tograduate, and if they didn't pass a course, they got the grade "NotYet." And I thought that was fantastic, because if you get a failinggrade, you think, I'm nothing, I'm nowhere. But if you get the grade "NotYet" you understand that you're on a learning curve. It gives you a pathinto the future.

　　我聽說，在芝加哥有一所高中，那兒的學生畢業前要通過一系列課程，如果某一門課沒有通過，成績就是「暫未通過」。我想，這真是個絕妙的做法，因為，如果你某門課的成績不及格，你會想，我什么都不是，我什么都沒有學到。但如果你的成績是「暫未通過」，你會明白，學習的步伐并沒有停下，你還需逐步向前，爭取未來。

　　"Not Yet"also gave me insight into a critical event early in my career, a real turningpoint. I wanted to see how children coped with challenge and difficulty, so Igave 10-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. Some of them reactedin a shockingly positive way. They said things like, "I love achallenge," or, "You know, I was hoping this would beinformative."

　　「暫未通過」也讓我聯想起一件尤為重要的、發生在我職業生涯初期的事情，這件事對我而言是一個轉折點。當時，我想探究孩子是如何應對挑戰和困難的，因此，我讓一些10歲大的孩子嘗試解決一些對于他們而言稍稍偏難的問題。一些孩子積極應對的方式讓我感到震驚。他們會這樣說，「我喜歡挑戰，」或說，「你知道的，我希望能有所獲�！�

　　They understood that their abilities could be developed.They had what I call a growth mindset. But other students felt it was tragic,catastrophic. From their more fixed mindset perspective, their intelligence hadbeen up for judgment and they failed. Instead of luxuriating in the power ofyet, they were gripped in the tyranny of now.

　　這些孩子明白，他們的能力是可以提升的。他們有我所說的成長型思維模式。但另一些孩子覺得面對這些難題是不幸，宛如面對一場災難。從他們的固定型思維角度來看，他們的才智受到了評判，而他們失敗了。他們不懂得享受學習的過程，而只盯住眼前的成與敗。

　　So what do they donext? I'll tell you what they do next. In one study, they told us they wouldprobably cheat the next time instead of studying more if they failed a test. Inanother study, after a failure, they looked for someone who did worse than theydid so they could feel really good about themselves. And in study after study,they have run from difficulty.

　　這些孩子們后面表現如何?讓我告訴你他們的表現。在一項研究中，他們告訴我們，如果他們某次考試未通過，他們很可能會在下次考試中作弊，而不是更加努力地學習。在另一項研究中，他們掛了一門后，他們會找到那些考得還不如他們高的孩子，以尋求自我安慰。后續的研究陸續表明，他們會逃避困難。

　　Scientists measured the electrical activity fromthe brain as students confronted an error. On the left, you see the fixedmindset students. There's hardly any activity. They run from the error. Theydon't engage with it. But on the right, you have the students with the growthmindset, the idea that abilities can be developed. They engage deeply. Theirbrain is on fire with yet. They engage deeply. They process the error. Theylearn from it and they correct it.

　　科學家們監測了學生們面對錯誤時的腦電活動圖像。在左側，是固定型思維模式的`學生，幾乎沒有什么活動。他們在錯誤面前選擇了逃避。他們沒有積極地投入。但請看右側，這是成長型思維模式的學生，這些學生相信能力會通過鍛煉得以提升。他們積極地應對錯誤。他們的大腦在高速運轉，他們積極地投入，他們剖析錯誤，從中學習，最終訂正。

　　How are we raising ourchildren? Are we raising them for now instead of yet? Are we raising kids whoare obsessed with getting A's? Are we raising kids who don't know how to dreambig dreams? Their biggest goal is getting the next A or the next test score?

　　如今我們是如何教育孩子的呢?是教育他們專注眼前，而不是注重過程嗎?我們培育了一些迷戀刷A的孩子們嗎?我們培育了沒有遠大理想的孩子們嗎?他們最遠大的目標就是再拿一個A，心里所想的就是下一次考試嗎?

　　And are they carrying this need for constant validation with them into theirfuture lives? Maybe, because employers are coming to me and saying, we havealready raised a generation of young workers who can't get through the daywithout an award.

　　他們在今后的生活中，都以分數的高低來評判自己嗎?或許是的，因為企業雇主們跑來找我，說我們養育的這新一代走上工作崗位的人，如果不給他們獎勵，他們一天都過不下去。

　　So what can we do? Howcan we build that bridge to yet?

　　我們該怎么做呢?如何讓孩子注重過程而不是結果呢?

　　Here are some things wecan do. First of all, we can praise wisely, not praising intelligence ortalent. That has failed. Don't do that anymore. But praising the process thatkids engage in: their effort, their strategies, their focus, theirperseverance, their improvement. This process praise creates kids who are hardyand resilient.

　　我們可以做這樣幾件事。首先，我們可以有技巧地去表揚：不去表揚天分或才智，這行不通。不要再這樣做了。而是要對孩子積極投入的過程進行表揚：他們的努力與策略，他們的專注、堅持與進步。對過程的表揚，會塑造孩子的韌性。

　　There are other ways toreward yet. We recently teamed up with game scientists from the University ofWashington to create a new online math game that rewarded yet. In this game,students were rewarded for effort, strategy and progress. The usual math gamerewards you for getting answers right right now, but this game rewardedprocess. And we got more effort, more strategies, more engagement over longerperiods of time, and more perseverance when they hit really, really hardproblems.

　　還有其他的辦法來獎勵過程。最近，我們與來自華盛頓大學的游戲研究者合作，制作了一款獎勵過程的數學游戲。在這個游戲中，學生們因他們的努力、策略與進步而受到獎勵。通常的數學游戲中，玩家只有在解得正確答案后才能得到獎勵，但這個游戲獎勵過程。隨著游戲的深入，孩子們更加努力，想出更多的策略，身心更加投入，當遇到尤為困難的問題時，他們也展現了更為持久的韌勁。

　　Just the words"yet" or "not yet," we're finding, give kids greaterconfidence, give them a path into the future that creates greater persistence.And we can actually change students' mindsets. In one study, we taught themthat every time they push out of their comfort zone to learn something new anddifficult, the neurons in their brain can form new, stronger connections, andover time they can get smarter.

　　我們發現，注重過程的思維模式，會賦予孩子們更多自信，指引他們不斷向前，越發堅持不懈。事實上，我們能夠改變學生的思維模式。在一項研究中，我們告訴學生們，每當他們迫使自己走出舒適區，學習新知識，迎接新挑戰，大腦中的神經元會形成新的、更強的連接，他們會逐漸變得越來越聰明。

　　Look what happened: inthis study, students who were not taught this growth mindset continued to showdeclining grades over this difficult school transition, but those who weretaught this lesson showed a sharp rebound in their grades. We have shown thisnow, this kind of improvement, with thousands and thousands of kids, especiallystruggling students.

　　看看后面發生了什么吧：在這項研究中，沒有接受成長型思維模式訓練的學生，在這一困難的過渡階段，成績持續下滑，但那些受過該訓練的學生，成績強勢反彈，卓有起色。如今，我們已證實這一結論，通過成千上萬個孩子的實例，尤其是那些在學業上掙扎的孩子。

　　So let's talk aboutequality. In our country, there are groups of students who chronically underperform,for example, children in inner cities, or children on Native Americanreservations. And they've done so poorly for so long that many people thinkit's inevitable. But when educators create growth mindset classrooms steeped inyet, equality happens.

　　那我們就來談談教育平等吧。在我們國家，有些特定區域的孩子總是在學業上處于下游，比如，內城區的孩子，或印第安人居留地里的孩子。長期以來這里的孩子都沒什么起色， 以致于很多人認為沒的救了。但是當教育家們將孩子的思維轉變為成長型思維模式時，教育平等實現了。

　　And here are just a few examples. In one year, akindergarten class in Harlem, New York scored in the 95th percentile on theNational Achievement Test. Many of those kids could not hold a pencil when theyarrived at school. In one year, fourth grade students in the South Bronx, waybehind, became the number one fourth grade class in the state of New York onthe state math test. In a year to a year and a half, Native American studentsin a school on a reservation went from the bottom of their district to the top,and that district included affluent sections of Seattle. So the native kidsoutdid the Microsoft kids.

　　舉幾個例子吧。紐約哈萊姆區的一所幼兒園的學生在一年的時間內，國家水平測試(NationalAchievement Test) 成績飛躍到前百分之五。這些孩子中有很多在入學時甚至還不會握筆。一年之內，遠遠落后的南布朗克斯區的四年級學生，其標準數學測試成績攀升到紐約州所有四年級學生的第一名。在一年到一年半的時間內， 某印第安人居留地的一所學校里的學生成績從全區墊底到名列前茅，而這個區包括了西雅圖市的富饒地段。印第安孩子戰勝了「微軟」孩子。

　　This happened becausethe meaning of effort and difficulty were transformed. Before, effort anddifficulty made them feel dumb, made them feel like giving up, but now, effortand difficulty, that's when their neurons are making new connections, strongerconnections. That's when they're getting smarter.

　　這得以實現的原因，是努力與困難的意義在孩子心目中發生了改變。在此之前，努力與困難讓他們感覺自己很笨，讓他們想放棄，但如今，正是努力與困難讓他們大腦中的神經元得以形成新的連接，更強的連接。正是在這個過程中，他們變得越來越聰明。

　　I received a letterrecently from a 13-year-old boy. He said, "Dear Professor Dweck, Iappreciate that your writing is based on solid scientific research, and that'swhy I decided to put it into practice. I put more effort into my schoolwork,into my relationship with my family, and into my relationship with kids atschool, and I experienced great improvement in all of those areas. I nowrealize I've wasted most of my life."

　　最近，我收到一個13歲男孩的來信。他說，「親愛的德韋克教授，我欣賞你的著作，因為它們都基于可靠的科學試驗，因此，我決定將你的方法付諸實踐。我更用功地學習，更用心地處好與家人的關系，與同學的關系，而在這些方面我都有了長足的進步�，F在我才意識到，過去浪費了太多生命�！�

　　Let's not waste anymore lives, because once we know that abilities are capable of such growth, itbecomes a basic human right for children, all children, to live in places thatcreate that growth, to live in places filled with yet.

　　讓我們不再浪費生命， 因為，既然我們知道 能力可以增長，那么，生活在一個能激發進步并讓這一切變得可能的地方就是每個孩子的權利。

　　Thank you.(Applause)

　　謝謝。(掌聲)

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇35

　　人有了錢就會變壞？社會心理學家Paul Piff通過操縱大富翁游戲做了一個有趣的實驗，測試人們感到富有時會如何表現。

　　I want you to， for a moment， think about playing a game of Monopoly， except in this game， that combination of skill， talent and luck that help earn you success in games， as in life， has been rendered irrelevant， because this game's been rigged， and you've got the upper hand。 You've got more money， more opportunities to move around the board， and more access to resources。 And as you think about that experience， I want you to ask yourself， how might that experience of being a privileged player in a rigged game change the way that you think about yourself and regard that other player？

　　So we ran a study on the U。C。 Berkeley campus to look at exactly that question。 We brought in more than 100 pairs of strangers into the lab， and with the flip of a coin randomly assigned one of the two to be a rich player in a rigged game。 They got two times as much money。 When they passed Go， they collected twice the salary， and they got to roll both dice instead of one， so they got to move around the board a lot more。 （Laughter） And over the course of 15 minutes， we watched through hidden cameras what happened。 And what I want to do today， for the first time， is show you a little bit of what we saw。 You're going to have to pardon the sound quality， in some cases， because again， these were hidden cameras。 So we've provided subtitles。 Rich Player： How many 500s did you have？ Poor Player： Just one。

　　Rich Player： Are you serious。 Poor Player： Yeah。

　　Rich Player： I have three。 （Laughs） I don't know why they gave me so much。

　　Paul Piff： Okay， so it was quickly apparent to players that something was up。 One person clearly has a lot more money than the other person， and yet， as the game unfolded， we saw very notable differences and dramatic differences begin to emerge between the two players。 The rich player started to move around the board louder， literally smacking the board with their piece as he went around。 We were more likely to see signs of dominance and nonverbal signs， displays of power and celebration among the rich players。

　　We had a bowl of pretzels positioned off to the side。 It's on the bottom right corner there。 That allowed us to watch participants' consummatory behavior。 So we're just tracking how many pretzels participants eat。

　　Rich Player： Are those pretzels a trick？

　　Poor Player： I don't know。

　　PP： Okay， so no surprises， people are onto us。 They wonder what that bowl of pretzels is doing there in the first place。 One even asks， like you just saw， is that bowl of pretzels there as a trick？ And yet， despite that， the power of the situation seems to inevitably dominate， and those rich players start to eat more pretzels。

　　Rich Player： I love pretzels。

　　（Laughter）

　　PP： And as the game went on， one of the really interesting and dramatic patterns that we observed begin to emerge was that the rich players actually started to become ruder toward the other person， less and less sensitive to the plight of those poor， poor players， and more and more demonstrative of their material success， more likely to showcase how well they're doing。 Rich Player： I have money for everything。 Poor Player： How much is that？ Rich Player： You owe me 24 dollars。 You're going to lose all your money soon。 I'll buy it。 I have so much money。 I have so much money， it takes me forever。 Rich Player 2： I'm going to buy out this whole board。 Rich Player 3： You're going to run out of money soon。 I'm pretty much untouchable at this point。

　　PP： Okay， and here's what I think was really， really interesting， is that at the end of the 15 minutes， we asked the players to talk about their experience during the game。 And when the rich players talked about why they had inevitably won in this rigged game of Monopoly —— （Laughter） — they talked about what they'd done to buy those different properties and earn their success in the game， and they became far less attuned to all those different features of the situation， including that flip of a coin that had randomly gotten them into that privileged position in the first place。 And that's a really， really incredible insight into how the mind makes sense of advantage。

　　Now this game of Monopoly can be used as a metaphor for understanding society and its hierarchical structure， wherein some people have a lot of wealth and a lot of status， and a lot of people don't。 They have a lot less wealth and a lot less status and a lot less access to valued resources。 And what my colleagues and I for the last seven years have been doing is studying the effects of these kinds of hierarchies。 What we've been finding across dozens of studies and thousands of participants across this country is that as a person's levels of wealth increase， their feelings of compassion and empathy go down， and their feelings of entitlement， of deservingness， and their ideology of self—interest increases。 In surveys， we found that it's actually wealthier individuals who are more likely to moralize greed being good， and that the pursuit of self—interest is favorable and moral。 Now what I want to do today is talk about some of the implications of this ideology self—interest， talk about why we should care about those implications， and end with what might be done。

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇36

　　How many of you are tired of seeingcelebrities adopting kids from the African continent?

　　你們之中有多少人已經對那些從非洲領養小孩的明星而感到厭倦了?

　　Well, it's not all that bad. I was adopted.I grew up in rural Uganda, lost both my parents when I was very, very young.And when my parents passed, I experienced all the negative effects of poverty,from homelessness, eating out of trash piles, you name it.

　　嗯，那也不全是壞事。我就是被其中領養的一員。我在烏干達的郊區長大，在我很小的時候，我的父母就去世了。在我父母離世之后，我經歷了所有貧困帶來的困難，從無家可歸，到撿食路邊的垃圾，所有你能想得到的。

　　But my life changed when I got acceptedinto an orphanage. Through one of those sponsor-an-orphan programs, I wassponsored and given an opportunity to acquire an education. I started off inUganda. I went through school, and the way this particular program worked, youfinished high school and after high school, you go learn a trade -- to become acarpenter, a mechanic or something along those lines.

　　但自從我被一家孤兒院收養 我的生活就發生了巨變。通過孤兒院的一個補助項目，我獲得了接受教育的機會，以及相應的資助。一開始是在烏干達。我去了學校念書，而根據這個項目的運作流程，他們會在你讀完高中以后，送你去學一門手藝，比如木匠，或者機修工或者其他的一些專業技術。

　　My case was a little different. The sponsorfamily that was sending these 25 dollars a month to this orphanage to sponsorme, which -- I had never met them -- said, "Well ... we would like to sendyou to college instead." Oh -- it gets better.

　　而我的情況卻有所不同。每個月我會在孤兒院收到25美元補助。這錢來自資助我的家庭，我從未見過他們他們說，“我們希望資助你去上大學” 哦，那再好不過了。

　　And they said, "If you get thepaperwork, we'll send you to school in America instead." So with theirhelp, I went to the embassy and applied for the visa. I got the visa.

　　他們還說：“如果你能通過申請 我們會把你送到美國的大學讀書。“ 所以，在他們的幫助下，我去大使館申請了簽證。并且通過了簽證。

　　I remember this day like it was yesterday.I walked out of the embassy with this piece of paper in my hand, a hop in mystep, smile on my face, knowing that my life is about to change. I went homethat night, and I slept with my passport, because I was afraid that someonemight steal it.

　　那一天對我來說就像昨天一樣。我拿著手里的文件走出大使館，一路蹦跳，難掩笑意，我明白我的生活將不復從前。那天晚上我回到家里，抱著我的護照睡著了，因為我擔心有人會把它偷走。

　　I couldn't fall asleep. I kept feeling it.I had a good idea for security. I was like, "OK, I'm going to put it in aplastic bag, and take it outside and dig a hole, and put it in there." Idid that, went back in the house. I could not fall asleep. I was like,"Maybe someone saw me." I went back --

　　而我輾轉反側。那念頭依然揮之不去。我突然想到了一個萬全的主意。我說：”好吧，我可以把它放進一個塑料袋里然后在外面地上挖一個洞，把袋子放進去。” 我真的做了，然后又回到屋子里。但我依然無眠，我想，“也許有人看到我了�！� 我又回去了

　　I pulled it out, and I put it with me theentire night -- all to say that it was an anxiety-filled night.

　　我把袋子拿出來，然后抓著它度過了一宿 我只想說那真是焦慮的一晚。

　　Going to the US was, just like anotherspeaker said, was my first time to see a plane, be on one, let alone sit on itto fly to another country. December 15, 20xx. 7:08pm. I sat in seat 7A. FlyEmirates. One of the most gorgeous, beautiful women I've ever seen walked up,red little hat with a white veil. I'm looking terrified, I have no idea whatI'm doing. She hands me this warm towel -- warm, steamy, snow white. I'mlooking at this warm towel; I don't know what to do with my life, let alonewith this damn towel --

　　來到美國的感受，和其他初來乍到的人一樣 那是我第一次坐飛機，坐在座位上，飛向另一個國家。20xx年12月15日 晚上7點08分 我坐在7A座位上。乘坐阿聯酋航班。一個我有生以來見過的最美的女人朝我走來，她戴著紅色的帽子和白色的口罩。我真的嚇壞了，我簡直手足無措。她遞給我一張溫熱的紙巾 溫暖，濕潤，白凈如雪。我盯著這張溫暖的紙巾; 我都不知道我該拿我的生活怎么辦，更別說這張紙巾了

　　I did one of the -- you know, anythinganyone could do in that situation: look around, see what everyone else isdoing. I did the same. Mind you, I drove about seven hours from my village tothe airport that day. So I grab this warm towel, wipe my face just likeeveryone else is doing, I look at it -- damn.

　　我做了一件——你懂的'，任何人都會做的事：我環顧四周，看其他人的舉動。然后我也跟著他們做。順便一提，從村子到機場，那一天我開了7個小時的車。所以我拿起那張溫暖的紙，效仿著別人擦拭了自己的臉，我看了看紙巾——該死。

　　It was all dirt brown.I remember being so embarrassed that whenshe came by to pick it up, I didn't give mine.I still have it.

　　已經變成屎黃色了。我記得我是那么的尷尬，以至于當她來回收紙巾的時候，我沒好意思給她。我現在都還帶著它。

　　Going to America opened doors for me tolive up to my full God-given potential. I remember when I arrived, the sponsorfamily embraced me, and they literally had to teach me everything from scratch:this is a microwave, that's a refrigerator -- things I'd never seen before. Andit was also the first time I got immersed into a new and different culture.These strangers showed me true love. These strangers showed me that I mattered,that my dreams mattered.Thank you.

　　美國向我敞開了大門讓我能夠發揮自己最大的潛力。我記得我剛到的時候，我的資助家庭迎接了我，然后他們就把一切從頭開始教給我：這是一個微波爐，那是一個冰箱——那些都是我以前聞所未聞的東西。那也是我第一次 被放置在全新的文化環境當中。這些陌生人向我展示了真正的關愛。這些陌生人讓我明白，我很重要 我的夢想很重要。謝謝。

　　These individuals had two of their ownbiological children. And when I came in, I had needs. They had to teach meEnglish, teach me literally everything, which resulted in them spending a lotof time with me. And that created a little bit of jealousy with their children.So, if you're a parent in this room, and you have those teenager children whodon't want anything to do with your love and affection -- in fact, they find itrepulsive -- I got a solution: adopt a child.

　　他們有兩個親生孩子。當我走進他們家庭的時候，我急需幫助。他們要教我英文，教我幾乎所有的事情，這導致他們要在我的身上 花費很多的精力。而這致使他們的親生孩子對我產生了一絲妒忌。所以，如果你們有人是家長，而你又有這樣一群青少年小孩 他們對你們的愛和關心置若罔聞 事實上，還對你們很冷淡 我有一個辦法： 領養一個孩子。

　　It will solve the problem.

　　問題就會迎刃而解。

　　I went on to acquire two engineeringdegrees from one of the best institutions in the world. I've got to tell you:talent is universal, but opportunities are not. And I credit this to theindividuals who embrace multiculturalism, love, empathy and compassion forothers. We live in a world filled with hate: building walls, Brexit, xenophobiahere on the African continent. Multiculturalism can be an answer to many ofthese worst human qualities.

　　在一所世界一流學府中 我習得了兩個工程師學位。我必須要說： 天賦人人都有，但機會一緣難求。我想要贊美 那些擁抱多元文化的人，那些關愛，理解并且同情他人的人。我們生活在一個充滿憎恨的世界上：高筑圍墻，英國脫歐，非洲大陸的仇外心理。而這些人類最負面的東西 都可以被多元文化海涵。

　　Today, I challenge you to help a youngchild experience multiculturalism. I guarantee you that will enrich their life,and in turn, it will enrich yours. And as a bonus, one of them may even give aTED Talk.

　　今天，我挑戰你們在座的觀眾們 去幫助一個年輕的孩子 感受多元文化的魅力。我保證那會充實他的生活，作為回報，你們的生活也會得到升華。而作為獎勵，他們其中之一也許還會在TED演講。

　　We may not be able to solve the bigotry andthe racism of this world today, but certainly we can raise children to create apositive, inclusive, connected world full of empathy, love and compassion.

　　我們也許無力解決 當今社會的種族歧視與偏見，但我們完全可以引導我們的孩子 去創建一個積極的，包容的，緊密相連的世界。那里將充滿理解，關愛，同情。

　　Love wins.Thank you.

　　真愛無敵。謝謝

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇37

　　Every kid needs a champion

　　每個孩子都需要一個冠軍演講稿中英對照：

　　I have spent my entire life either at the schoolhouse, on the way to the schoolhouse, or talking about what happens in the schoolhouse. Both my parents were educators, my maternal grandparents were educators, and for the past 40 years I've done the same thing. And so, needless to say, over those years I've had a chance to look at education reform from a lot of

　　perspectives. Some of those reforms have been good. Some of them have been not so good. And we know why kids drop out. We know why kids don't learn. It's either poverty, low attendance, negative peer influences. We know why. But one of the things that we never discuss or we rarely discuss is the value and importance of human connection, relationships.

　　我這輩子，要么是在學校，要么在去學校的路上，要么是在討論學校里發生了什么事。我的父母都是教育家，我的外祖父母也都是搞教育的，過去40年我也在從事同樣的事業。所以，很顯然，過去的這些年里，我有機會從各個角度審視教育改革。一些改革是有成效的。而另一些卻收效甚微。我們知道孩子們為什么掉隊輟學。我們知道孩子們為什么學不下去。原因無非是貧窮，低出席率，同齡人的壞影響。我們知道為什么。但是我們從未討論或者極少討論的是人和人之間的那種聯系的價值和重要性，這就是“關系”。

　　James Comer says that no significant learning can occur without a significant relationship. George Washington Carver says all learning is understanding relationships. Everyone in this room has been affected by a teacher or an adult.

　　For years, I have watched people teach. I have looked at the best and I've look at some of the worst.

　　James Comer (美國著名兒童精神科醫師）說過，沒有強有力的聯系，學習就不會有顯著的進步。 George Washington Carver（美國著名教育學家）說過，學習就是理解各種關系。在座的各位都曾經被一位老師或者一個成年人影響過。這么多年，我都在看人們怎么教學。我看過最好的`也看過最差的。

　　A colleague said to me one time, "They don't pay me to like the kids. They pay me to teach a lesson. The kids should learn it. I should teach it. They should learn it. Case closed."

　　一次有個同事跟我說， “我的職責不是喜歡那些孩子們。我的職責是教書。孩子們就該去學。我管教課，他們管學習。就是這么個理兒�！�

　　Well, I said to her, "You know, kids don't learn from people they don't like." 然后，我就跟她說， “你知道，孩子們可不跟他們討厭的人學習�！�

　　(Laughter) (Applause)

　�。ㄐβ暎�（掌聲）

　　She said, "That's just a bunch of hooey."

　　她接著說，“一派胡言。”

　　And I said to her, "Well, your year is going to be long and arduous, dear." 然后我對她說，“那么，親愛的，你這一年會變得十分漫長和痛苦�！�

　　Needless to say it was. Some people think that you can either have it in you to build a relationship or you don't. I think Stephen Covey had the right idea. He

　　said you ought to just throw in a few simple things, like seeking first to

　　understand as opposed to being understood, simple things like apologizing. You ever thought about thatTell a kid you're sorry, they're in shock.

　　事實也果真如此。有些人認為一個人或者天生可以建立一種關系或者不具有這種能力。我認為Stephen Covey（美國教育家）是對的。他說你只需要做一些簡單的事情，比如試著首先理解他人，而不是想要被理解，比如道歉。你想過嗎？跟一個孩子說你很對不起，他們都驚呆了。

　　I taught a lesson once on ratios. I'm not real good with math, but I was working on it. And I got back and looked at that teacher edition. I'd taught the whole lesson wrong. (Laughter)

　　我有一次講比例。我數學不是很好，但是我當時在教數學。然后我下了課，翻看了教師用書。我完全教錯了。（笑聲）

　　So I came back to class the next day, and I said, "Look, guys, I need to apologize. I taught the whole lesson wrong. I'm so sorry."

　　所以我第二天回到班上說， “同學們，我要道歉。我昨天的課都教錯了。我非常抱歉�！�

　　They said, "That's okay, Ms. Pierson. You were so excited, we just let you go." (Laughter) (Applause)

　　他們說，“沒關系，Pierson老師。你當時教得非常投入，我們就讓你繼續了�！� （笑聲）（掌聲）

　　I have had classes that were so low, so academically deficient that I cried. I wondered, how am I going to take this group in nine months from where they

　　are to where they need to beAnd it was difficult. It was awfully hard. How do I raise the self-esteem of a child and his academic achievement at the same time

　　我曾經教過程度非常低的班級，學術素養差到我都哭了。我當時就想，我怎么能在9個月之內把這些孩子提升到他們必須具備的水平？這真的很難，太艱難了。我怎么能讓一個孩子重拾自信的同時他在學術上也有進步？

　　One year I came up with a bright idea. I told all my students, "You were chosen to be in my class because I am the best teacher and you are the best students, they put us all together so we could show everybody else how to do it."

　　有一年我有了一個非常好的主意。我告訴我的學生們， “你們進了我的班級，因為我是最好的老師，而你們是最好的學生，他們把我們放在一起來給其他人做個好榜樣�！�

　　One of the students said, "Really" (Laughter)

　　一個學生說，“真的嗎？” （笑聲）

　　I said, "Really. We have to show the other classes how to do it, so when we walk down the hall, people will notice us, so you can't make noise. You just have to strut." And I gave them a saying to say: "I am somebody. I was

　　somebody when I came. I'll be a better somebody when I leave. I am powerful, and I am strong. I deserve the education that I get here. I have things to do, people to impress, and places to go."

　　我說，“當然是真的。我們要給其他班級做個榜樣，當我們走在樓道里，因為大家都會注意到我們，我們不能吵鬧。大家要昂首闊步�！� 我還給了他們一個口號：“我是個人物。我來的時候是個人物。我畢業的時候會變成一個更好的人物。我

　　很有力，很強大。我值得在這里受教育。我有很多事情要做，我要讓人們記住我，我要去很多地方�！�

　　And they said, "Yeah!"

　　然后他們說：“是��！”

　　You say it long enough, it starts to be a part of you.

　　如果你長時間的這么說，它就會開始變成事實。

　　And so — (Applause) I gave a quiz, 20 questions. A student missed 18. I put a "+2" on his paper and a big smiley face.

　　所以－（掌聲）我做了一個小測驗，20道題。一個孩子錯了18道。我在他了卷子上寫了個“＋2”和一個大的笑臉。

　　He said, "Ms. Pierson, is this an F"

　　他說，“Pierson老師，這是不及格嗎？”

　　I said, "Yes."

　　我說，“是的。”

　　He said, "Then why'd you put a smiley face"

　　他接著說，“那你為什么給我一個笑臉？”

　　I said, "Because you're on a roll. You got two right. You didn't miss them all." I said, "And when we review this, won't you do better"

　　我說，“因為你正漸入佳境。你沒有全錯，還對了兩個�！� 我說，“我們復習這些題的時候，難道你不會做得更好嗎？”

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇38

　　Over the next five minutes, my intention is to transform your relationship with sound. Let me start with the observation that most of the sound around us is accidental, and much of it is unpleasant. (Traffic noise) We stand on street corners, shouting over noise like this, and pretending that it doesn't exist. Well, this habit of suppressing sound has meant that our relationship with sound has become largely unconscious.

　　There are four major ways sound is affecting you all the time, and I'd like to raise them in your consciousness today. First is physiological. (Loud alarm clocks) Sorry about that. I've just given you a shot of cortisol, your fight/flight hormone. Sounds are affecting your hormone secretions all the time, but also your breathing, your heart rate -- which I just also did -- and your brainwaves.

　　It's not just unpleasant sounds like that that do it. This is surf. (Ocean waves) It has the frequency of roughly 12 cycles per minute. Most people find that very soothing, and, interestingly, 12 cycles per minute is roughly the frequency of the breathing of a sleeping human. There is a deep resonance with being at rest. We also associate it with being stress-free and on holiday.

　　The second way in which sound affects you is psychological. Music is the most powerful form of sound that we know that affects our emotional state. (Albinoni's Adagio) This is guaranteed to make most of you feel pretty sad if I leave it on. Music is not the only kind of sound, however, which affects your emotions.

　　Natural sound can do that too. Birdsong, for example, is a sound which most people find reassuring. (Birds chirping) There is a reason for that. Over hundreds of thousands of years we've learned that when the birds are singing, things are safe. It's when they stop you need to be worried.

　　The third way in which sound affects you is cognitively. You can't understand two people talking at once ("If you're listening to this version of") ("me you're on the wrong track.") or in this case one person talking twice. Try and listen to the other one. ("You have to choose which me you're going to listen to.")

　　We have a very small amount of bandwidth for processing auditory input, which is why noise like this -- (Office noise) -- is extremely damaging for productivity. If you have to work in an open-plan office like this, your productivity is greatly reduced. And whatever number you're thinking of, it probably isn't as bad as this. (Ominous music) You are one third as productive in open-plan offices as in quiet rooms. And I have a tip for you. If you have to work in spaces like that, carry headphones with you, with a soothing sound like birdsong. Put them on and your productivity goes back up to triple what it would be.

　　The fourth way in which sound affects us is behaviorally. With all that other stuff going on, it would be amazing if our behavior didn't change. (Techno music inside a car) So, ask yourself: Is this person ever going to drive at a steady 28 miles per hour? I don't think so. At the simplest, you move away from unpleasant sound and towards pleasant sounds. So if I were to play this -- (Jackhammer) -- for more than a few seconds, you'd feel uncomfortable; for more than a few minutes, you'd be leaving the room in droves. For people who can't get away from noise like that, it's extremely damaging for their health.

　　And that's not the only thing that bad sound damages. Most retail sound is inappropriate and accidental, and even hostile, and it has a dramatic effect on sales. For those of you who are retailers, you may want to look away before I show this slide. They are losing up to 30 percent of their business with people leaving shops faster, or just turning around on the door. We all have done it, leaving the area because the sound in there is so dreadful.

　　I want to spend just a moment talking about the model that we've developed, which allows us to start at the top and look at the drivers of sound, analyze the soundscape and then predict the four outcomes I've just talked about. Or start at the bottom, and say what outcomes do we want, and then design a soundscape to have a desired effect. At last we've got some science we can apply. And we're in the business of designing soundscapes.

　　Just a word on music. Music is the most powerful sound there is, often inappropriately deployed. It's powerful for two reasons. You recognize it fast, and you associate it very powerfully. I'll give you two examples. (First chord of The Beatles' "A Hard Day's Night") Most of you recognize that immediately. The younger, maybe not. (Laughter) (First two notes of "Jaws" theme) And most of you associate that with something! Now, those are one-second samples of music. Music is very powerful. And unfortunately it's veneering commercial spaces, often inappropriately. I hope that's going to change over the next few years.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇39

　　When Dorothy was a little girl, she wasfascinated by her goldfish. Her father explained to her that fish swim byquickly wagging their tails to propel themselves through the water. Withouthesitation, little Dorothy responded, "Yes, Daddy, and fish swim backwardsby wagging their heads."

　　當多蘿西還是一個小女孩的時候，她被她的金魚迷住了。她的父親向她解釋，魚是通過快速搖尾推動自己在水中前進。毫無猶豫地，小多蘿西回答道，“是的，爸爸，而且魚會通過搖頭來后退�！�

　　In her mind, it was a fact as true as anyother. Fish swim backwards by wagging their heads. She believed it.

　　在她的心里，這是一個確切的事實。魚通過搖頭來后退。她堅信如此。

　　Our lives are full of fish swimmingbackwards. We make assumptions and faulty leaps of logic. We harbor bias. Weknow that we are right, and they are wrong. We fear the worst. We strive forunattainable perfection. We tell ourselves what we can and cannot do. In ourminds, fish swim by in reverse frantically wagging their heads and we don'teven notice them.

　　我們的生活中充滿著倒游的魚。我們制造假設和錯誤跳躍的邏輯。我們心懷偏見。我們知道我們是對的，而他們是錯的。我們害怕最糟糕的。我們力求無法獲得的完美。我們告訴自己什么是我們能做的和不能做的。在我們心里，魚是通過往相反方向瘋狂搖頭來游泳的，而我們甚至不曾察覺過它們。

　　I'm going to tell you five facts aboutmyself. One fact is not true. One: I graduated from Harvard at 19 with anhonors degree in mathematics. Two: I currently run a construction company inOrlando. Three: I starred on a television sitcom. Four: I lost my sight to arare genetic eye disease. Five: I served as a law clerk to two US Supreme Courtjustices. Which fact is not true? Actually, they're all true. Yeah. They're alltrue.

　　我想告訴你們五件關于我的事實。其中有一件不是真的。第一：我19歲的時候以數學榮譽學士學位畢業于哈佛大學。第二：我現在在奧蘭多經營著一家建筑公司。第三：我主演過一部電視情景劇。第四：我因為患上一種罕有的遺傳性眼疾而失去了視力。第五：我曾經給兩位美國最高法院的法官當過法律助手。哪一個不是真的呢?事實上，它們都是真的。是的，它們都是真的。

　　At this point, most people really only careabout the television show.

　　這時候，大部分人其實都只關心那部電視劇。

　　I know this from experience. OK, so theshow was NBC's "Saved by the Bell: The New Class." And I playedWeasel Wyzell, who was the sort of dorky, nerdy character on the show, whichmade it a very major acting challenge for me as a 13-year-old boy.

　　這是經驗告訴我的。好吧，那部電視劇是NBC的“SavedbytheBell:TheNewClass."而我飾演了WeaselWyzell，一個在劇中帶點笨拙書呆子性格的角色，對于13歲的我來說，這是一個很重大的演出挑戰。

　　Now, did you struggle with number four, myblindness? Why is that? We make assumptions about so-called disabilities. As ablind man, I confront others' incorrect assumptions about my abilities everyday. My point today is not about my blindness, however. It's about my vision.Going blind taught me to live my life eyes wide open. It taught me to spotthose backwards-swimming fish that our minds create. Going blind cast them intofocus.

　　現在，你是否糾結于第四個事實，我的失明?為什么會這樣呢?我們對所謂的殘疾做出一些假設。作為盲人，我每天都面對別人對我能力的錯誤假設。然而，我今天的重點不在于我的失明。而是在于我的視野。失明教會我用開闊的眼界去生活。它教會我去發現那些倒游的魚，我們內心創造出來的魚。失明使它們變成了焦點。

　　What does it feel like to see? It'simmediate and passive. You open your eyes and there's the world. Seeing isbelieving. Sight is truth. Right? Well, that's what I thought.

　　看得見是怎么樣的一種感覺?是即時并且被動的。你睜開雙眼，世界就在你眼前。看見什么相信什么。眼見為實。對吧?好吧，我當初是這么想的。

　　Then, from age 12 to 25, my retinasprogressively deteriorated. My sight became an increasingly bizarre carnivalfunhouse hall of mirrors and illusions. The salesperson I was relieved to spotin a store was really a mannequin. Reaching down to wash my hands, I suddenlysaw it was a urinal I was touching, not a sink, when my fingers felt its trueshape.

　　接著，從12歲到15歲，我的視網膜逐漸衰弱。我的.視像變成了愈加奇異的嘉年華游樂場里的哈哈鏡。我在商店里好不容易發現的銷售員實際上是一個人體模型。俯下身去洗手，當我的手指感受到它的真實形狀，我意識到我去觸摸的是小便池，而不是洗手池。

　　A friend described the photograph in my hand, and only then I could seethe image depicted. Objects appeared, morphed and disappeared in my reality. Itwas difficult and exhausting to see. I pieced together fragmented, transitoryimages, consciously analyzed the clues, searched for some logic in my crumblingkaleidoscope, until I saw nothing at all.

　　一位朋友向我描述我手中的照片，只有在那時候我才能明白圖像描畫了些什么。物體在我的現實中出現、變形和消失�？匆姵蔀榱艘患�困難的使我筋疲力盡的事情。我把支離破碎的、片刻的圖像拼接起來，憑感覺分析線索，在我破碎的萬花筒中尋找符合邏輯的對應，直到我什么都看不見。

　　I learned that what we see is not universaltruth. It is not objective reality. What we see is a unique, personal, virtualreality that is masterfully constructed by our brain.

　　我認識到我們所看到的并不即是普遍真理。并不是客觀現實。我們所看到的是獨一無二的虛擬現實，它是由我們的大腦巧妙地構造出來的。

　　Let me explain with a bit of amateurneuroscience. Your visual cortex takes up about 30 percent of your brain.That's compared to approximately eight percent for touch and two to threepercent for hearing. Every second, your eyes can send your visual cortex as manyas two billion pieces of information. The rest of your body can send your brainonly an additional billion. So sight is one third of your brain by volume andcan claim about two thirds of your brain's processing resources. It's nosurprise then that the illusion of sight is so compelling. But make no mistakeabout it: sight is an illusion.

　　請讓我以外行的身份解釋一遍神經系統學。你的視覺皮層占據了你腦部的大概30%。相比于觸覺的8%以及聽覺的2-3%。每一秒鐘，你的雙眼能夠向你的視覺皮層傳達多達二十億的信息片段。其余的身體部分加起來也僅能夠傳達另外的十億。所以視覺占據了你腦部容量的三分之一并且占用了你腦部中三分之二的信息處理資源。因此意想得到的是視覺幻象是多么的令人信服。但是別誤會了：我們所看到的只是一種幻象。

　　Here's where it gets interesting. To createthe experience of sight, your brain references your conceptual understanding ofthe world, other knowledge, your memories, opinions, emotions, mentalattention. All of these things and far more are linked in your brain to yoursight. These linkages work both ways, and usually occur subconsciously. So for example, what you see impacts how you feel, and the way you feel can literally change what you see.

　　這是事情變得有趣的地方。為了制造視覺經驗，你的大腦參考了你對這個世界的概念性理解，其它知識、你的記憶、看法、情緒和心理關注。所有的這些東西和以及其它的都連結于你的大腦和視覺景象之間。這些連結是雙向作用的，并且常常在潛意識中發生。舉例子來說，你所看到的會影響到你的感覺，而你的感覺又能夠直接改變你所看到的。

　　Numerous studies demonstrate this. If you are asked toestimate the walking speed of a man in a video, for example, your answer willbe different if you're told to think about cheetahs or turtles. A hill appearssteeper if you've just exercised, and a landmark appears farther away if you'rewearing a heavy backpack. We have arrived at a fundamental contradiction.

　　許多的研究證明了這一點。如果你被要求去估計視頻中人物的行走速度，舉例來說，在被告知去想著獵豹或者烏龜的情況下，你的答案將會不一樣。如果你剛剛運動完，你會感覺山變陡峭了，如果你背著一個很重的背包，眼前的目的地看起來距離更遠。我們在這里遇到了一種基本的矛盾。

　　What you see is a complex mental construction of your own making, but you experienceit passively as a direct representation of the world around you. You createyour own reality, and you believe it. I believed mine until it broke apart. Thedeterioration of my eyes shattered the illusion.

　　你肉眼所看到的東西是你自己創造的一種復雜的心智建造，但是你被動地經歷著它讓它作為你周遭世界的一種直接呈現。你創造了屬于你自己的現實并且深信著它。我深信于我的現實直到它瓦解了。我雙眼的衰退粉碎了這種幻象。

　　You see, sight is just one way we shape ourreality. We create our own realities in many other ways. Let's take fear asjust one example. Your fears distort your reality. Under the warped logic offear, anything is better than the uncertain. Fear fills the void at all costs,passing off what you dread for what you know, offering up the worst in place ofthe ambiguous, substituting assumption for reason. Psychologists have a greatterm for it: awfulizing.

　　你看，視覺只是我們認識世界的一種途徑。我們可以通過許多其它的方式去創造屬于我們自己的現實。讓我們來舉恐懼作為一個例子。你的恐懼扭曲了你的現實。在扭曲的恐懼邏輯影響下，任何事情都比未知要好。恐懼不惜一切代價填補空白，把你所懼怕的冒充成你所知道的，讓最糟糕取代了不明確，使假設代替了原因。心理學家對此有一個很好的術語：往壞處想。

　　Right? Fear replaces the unknown with theawful. Now, fear is self-realizing. When you face the greatest need to lookoutside yourself and think critically, fear beats a retreat deep inside yourmind, shrinking and distorting your view, drowning your capacity for criticalthought with a flood of disruptive emotions. When you face a compellingopportunity to take action, fear lulls you into inaction, enticing you topassively watch its prophecies fulfill themselves.

　　對吧?恐懼把未知的替換成了可怕的�，F在，恐懼在自我實現著。當你非常迫切的需要去客觀看待自己并進行批判性思考的時候，恐懼在你的內心深處打起了退堂鼓，收縮并扭曲你的觀點，以洪水般涌現的破壞性情緒淹沒你批判思考的能力。當你面對一個極具吸引力的機會去采取行動時，恐懼誤導你去無所作為，誘使你被動地看著它的預言一個個實現成真。

　　When I was diagnosed with my blindingdisease, I knew blindness would ruin my life. Blindness was a death sentencefor my independence. It was the end of achievement for me. Blindness meant Iwould live an unremarkable life, small and sad, and likely alone. I knew it.This was a fiction born of my fears, but I believed it. It was a lie, but itwas my reality, just like those backwards-swimming fish in little Dorothy'smind. If I had not confronted the reality of my fear, I would have lived it. Iam certain of that.

　　當我被診出患有致盲眼疾時，我料到失明將會毀了我的生活。失明對我的獨立能力判了死刑。它是我一生成就的終點。失明意味著我將度過平凡的一生，渺小且凄慘，極有可能孤獨終老。我就知道會這樣。這是我因為恐懼帶來的胡編亂造，但我相信了。它是一個謊言，但它曾是我的現實。就像小多蘿西內心那些倒游的魚一樣。如若我不曾面對過我內心恐懼創造出來的現實，我會就那樣活著。我很確定。

　　So how do you live your life eyes wideopen? It is a learned discipline. It can be taught. It can be practiced. I willsummarize very briefly.

　　所以你們如何去以開闊的眼界生活呢?這是一個需要學習的學科。它能被傳授。它能被練習。我簡單地總結一下。

　　Hold yourself accountable for every moment,every thought, every detail. See beyond your fears. Recognize your assumptions.Harness your internal strength. Silence your internal critic. Correct yourmisconceptions about luck and about success. Accept your strengths and yourweaknesses, and understand the difference. Open your hearts to your bountifulblessings.

　　讓自己學會負責，對每一時刻，每個想法，每個細節。超越你內心的恐懼。識別出你所作的假設。展現你內在的能力。消除你內心的批判。修正你對于運氣和成功的錯誤概念。接受自己的長處和短處，并清楚認識它們之間的區別。打開你的心扉去迎接對你滿滿的祝福。

　　Your fears, your critics, your heroes, yourvillains -- they are your excuses, rationalizations, shortcuts, justifications,your surrender. They are fictions you perceive as reality. Choose to seethrough them. Choose to let them go. You are the creator of your reality. Withthat empowerment comes complete responsibility.

　　你的恐懼，你的批判，你的英雄，你的敵人——他們都是你的借口、合理化作用、捷徑、辯護、屈服。它們是你錯認為現實的小說。嘗試選擇看穿它們。嘗試讓它們遠離自己。你是自我現實的創造者。伴隨這種權利而來的是你需要負起全部的責任。

　　I chose to step out of fear's tunnel intoterrain uncharted and undefined. I chose to build there a blessed life. Farfrom alone, I share my beautiful life with Dorothy, my beautiful wife, with ourtriplets, whom we call the Tripskys, and with the latest addition to thefamily, sweet baby Clementine.

　　我選擇走出恐懼的隧道，步入了未知的領域。我選擇在那里構建幸福的人生。遠離孤單，我分享我的美好生活，與多蘿西，我美麗的妻子，與我們的三胞胎，我們稱之為“Tripskys”，還有新添的家庭成員，可愛的寶貝克萊蒙蒂。

　　What do you fear? What lies do you tellyourself? How do you embellish your truth and write your own fictions? Whatreality are you creating for yourself?

　　你在害怕什么?你在欺騙自己什么?你是如何修飾自己的真相，編寫自己的小說?你在為自己創造著怎么樣的現實?

　　In your career and personal life, in yourrelationships, and in your heart and soul, your backwards-swimming fish do yougreat harm. They exact a toll in missed opportunities and unrealized potential,and they engender insecurity and distrust where you seek fulfillment andconnection. I urge you to search them out.

　　在你的職業生涯和個人生活中，在你的人際關系中，在你的內心和靈魂中，倒游的魚給你帶來巨大的傷害。它們使你為錯失的機會以及尚未實現的潛能付出代價。它們在你尋求滿足與聯系時引起你的不安以及不信任。我呼吁大家把它們找出來。

　　Helen Keller said that the only thing worsethan being blind is having sight but no vision. For me, going blind was aprofound blessing, because blindness gave me vision. I hope you can see what Isee.

　　海倫·凱勒曾說過，唯一比失明更糟糕的是擁有視力，卻沒有遠見。失明對我來說是一種深深的祝福，因為失明給予了我遠見。我衷心希望你們也能看見我所看見的。

　　Thank you.(Applause)

　　謝謝。(掌聲)

　　Bruno Giussani: Isaac, before you leave thestage, just a question. This is an audience of entrepreneurs, of doers, ofinnovators. You are a CEO of a company down in Florida, and many are probablywondering, how is it to be a blind CEO? What kind of specific challenges do youhave, and how do you overcome them?

　　布魯諾·朱薩尼：艾薩克，在你離開之前，我想問一個問題。在座的各位都是創業者、實干家、創新者。你是佛羅里達一家公司的執行總裁，很多人大概都會好奇，身為一名失明的執行總裁究竟是怎么樣的呢?這使你面臨哪些具體的挑戰，而你又是怎么克服它們的呢?

　　Isaac Lidsky: Well, the biggest challengebecame a blessing. I don't get visual feedback from people.

　　艾薩克·利德斯基：好吧，最大的挑戰成了一種祝福。我看不到別人的反應。

　　BG: What's that noise there? IL: Yeah. So,for example, in my leadership team meetings, I don't see facial expressions orgestures. I've learned to solicit a lot more verbal feedback. I basically forcepeople to tell me what they think. And in this respect, it's become, like Isaid, a real blessing for me personally and for my company, because wecommunicate at a far deeper level, we avoid ambiguities, and most important, myteam knows that what they think truly matters.

　　布：有什么聲音在哪里嗎?艾：是的。比如說在我的領導團隊的會議中，我無法看到別人的表情或者手勢。我學會去征求更多的言語反饋。我基本都要求人們把他們的想法告訴我。正因如此，它成為了，如我所說，對我個人還有我公司的一種真正的祝福。因為我們獲得了更深層次的溝通。我們避免了歧義，還有更重要的，我的團隊清楚知道他們的想法是真的要緊的。

　　BG: Isaac, thank you for coming to TED. IL:Thank you, Bruno.

　　布：艾薩克，感謝你來到了TED。艾：謝謝你，布魯諾。

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇40

　　Do you think it's possible to control someone's attention? Even more than that, what about predicting human behavior? I think those are interesting ideas, if you could. I mean, for me, that would be the perfect superpower, actually kind of an evil way of approaching it. But for myself, in the past, I've spent the last 20 years studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way: picking pockets. When we think of misdirection, we think of something as looking off to the side, when actually it's often the things that are right in front of us that are the hardest things to see, the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.

　　For example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now? Great. Double-check. Make sure you still have them on you. I was doing some shopping beforehand. Now you've looked at them probably a few times today, but I'm going to ask you a question about them. Without looking at your cell phone directly yet, can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner? Bring them out, check, and see how accurate you were. How'd you do? Show of hands. Did we get it?

　　Now that you're done looking at those, close them down, because every phone has something in common. No matter how you organize the icons, you still have a clock on the front. So, without looking at your phone, what time was it? You just looked at your clock, right? It's an interesting idea. Now, I'll ask you to take that a step further with a game of trust. Close your eyes. I realize I'm asking you to do that while you just heard there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.

　　Now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds. With your eyes closed, what am I wearing? Make your best guess. What color is my shirt? What color is my tie? Now open your eyes. By a show of hands, were you right?

　　It's interesting, isn't it? Some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others. It seems that way. But I have a different theory about that, that model of attention. They have fancy models of attention, Posner's trinity model of attention. For me, I like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system. It's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors, and inside your brain is a little security guard. For me, I like to call him Frank. So Frank is sitting at a desk. He's got all sorts of cool information in front of him, high-tech equipment, he's got cameras, he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears, all these senses, all these perceptions. But attention is what steers your perceptions, is what controls your reality. It's the gateway to the mind. If you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it. But ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it. That's why there's the cocktail effect: When you're in a party, you're having conversations with someone, and yet you can recognize your name and you didn't even realize you were listening to that.

　　Now, for my job, I have to play with techniques to exploit this, to play with your attention as a limited resource. So if I could control how you spend your attention, if I could maybe steal your attention through a distraction. Now, instead of doing it like misdirection and throwing it off to the side, instead, what I choose to focus on is Frank, to be able to play with the Frank inside your head, your little security guard, and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses, just to go internal for a second. So if I ask you to access a memory, like, what is that? What just happened? Do you have a wallet? Do you have an American Express in your wallet? And when I do that, your Frank turns around. He accesses the file. He has to rewind the tape. And what's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape at the same time that he's trying to process new data.

　　Now, I mean, this sounds like a good theory, but I could talk for a long time and tell you lots of things, and they may be true, a portion of them, but I think it's better if I tried to show that to you here live. So if I come down, I'm going to do a little bit of shopping. Just hold still where you are.

　　Hello, how are you? It's lovely to see you. You did a wonderful job onstage. You have a lovely watch that doesn't come off very well. Do you have your ring as well? Good. Just taking inventory. You're like a buffet. It's hard to tell where to start, there's so many great things.

　　Hi, how are you? Good to see you.

　　Hi, sir, could you stand up for me, please? Just right where you are. Oh, you're married. You follow directions well. That's nice to meet you, sir. You don't have a whole lot inside your pockets. Anything down by the pocket over here? Hopefully so. Have a seat. There you go. You're doing well.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇41

　　我選擇在網絡聲中被倒下就在網絡聲中爬起來，當你被罵得小有名氣的時候我就暗自思量，反正也是挨罵，不如用最積極的方式迎接罵聲。2016年3月3日，我在微博上面發出了一條名為"愛的罵罵"的微博，只要在我這條微博下面留言的，，不管是鼓勵我的，罵我的，還是隨便說說的，我都捐五毛，24個小時，有十萬多條留言，捐款金額是50693.5元，作為北京一家殘疾孤兒康復機構的手術費，在這里我要對每一位留言的人表示感謝。

　　在現實生活中頑強活著的殘疾孤兒，其中有一個孩子在手術后的一年，終于有機會可以站起來了，當我看到她第一次站起，我很感動，也很驕傲，這個"黑姑娘"干了一件痛快的事。是的，我說出了金額，我知道一定會有人說，"捐那么少還好意思報數"我相信現在大部分人都不愿意公布捐款金額，因為捐款已經不再是一件隨心的行為，而是成為大家根據金額的多少來衡量愛心的大小。

　　我相信在座的的各位，也一定有過朋友之間隨份子，該給多少才合適的煩惱，我之所以說出來，不僅僅是因為，我覺得隨心的行為需要躲閃，更因為"愛的罵罵"是每一個留言的鏡子。當時罵過我的人，也許在兩年后的今天聽到我說這番話，會想起曾經不太善意的留言，卻給了這些孩子們有機會獲得新生，這同樣值得高興，其實我們每個人都有不同階段的新生，不是嗎?"愛的罵罵"發出那一刻，我如重生般釋然了，雖然，我不像很多演員那樣，擁有令人贊嘆的表演才華，自己也覺得不是天生吃這碗飯的，但是既然選擇了演員這份職業，我相信只要通過自己的努力和善待他人，就可以讓自己的家人和自己過上幸福美滿的生活，然而這一切，在2016年的夏天，被一句開創演藝界網絡暴力先河的"滾出娛樂圈"所動搖，我是第一個被放在主語位置的人，袁姍姍，這個名字好像從此和"一無是處"劃上了等號，那個時候不管說什么、做什么、演什么都不對。更有媒體總結了"袁姍姍不被觀眾所喜歡的五大理由"第一條理由是"沒有理由"這是得有多深厚的感情基礎，才能達到的境界。

　　2016年確實挺讓人操心的，從春天到夏天，都沒有平靜過，一開始我也有些懊惱，不知道到底發生了什么，我既沒有不勞而獲，也沒有做傷天害理的事，為什么讓我"滾"?沒多久，我想明白一個道理，誰都可以說我不好，但是自己必須接納那個心安理得的自己，既然我的演藝生涯要從倒數開始，那我之后的每一點進步都是充滿喜悅，從零分到六十分比從滿分到六十分，哪個更讓人開心呢?

　　也是從那個時候，我重拾扔下了多年的小提琴，還有健身，運動讓我心情愉快，不工作的時候練琴和健身會讓我的每一天都過得很充實，根本沒有過多的時間停留在網上，更顧不上網友的圍觀。

　　我建議那些沉迷于網絡的年輕人，每天可以擠出一點時間鍛煉身體，當有朝一日被他人欺負的時候，至少可以像我一樣，身輕如燕，自由翻滾，作為過去也許將來還會遭遇網絡暴力的過來人，我不喜歡再有人因為網絡暴力而受到傷害，請善用語言讓人言可敬。

　　特別感謝在那段特殊時間陪伴，我的家人和朋友，感謝他們承受住了一個當時還沒有來得及減肥，各方面份量都很重的我，經歷了這些，并不是想說明自己有多強大，但確實因為這些切身經歷讓我有了足夠的時間去思考，我曾經問過自己一個問題，如果我當時真的不堪重負放棄了演員這個職業，是否網絡暴力就會消失，答案當然不會，既然還是要面對，就應該積極地面對.

　　前不久，我參與了一部公益電影的拍攝，電影傳遞了一個非常積極的理念：每個人都有自由選擇的機會和權利，無論你生下來是幸福的還是不幸的`，我非常贊同，所以我選擇做一個積極快樂的自己，不再受控于網絡暴力中，不再只能看到消極的一面，都說做公益是在幫助他人，在我身上成全了一個更加快樂的自己，電影的名字叫《有一天》我想在這里特別推薦一下，雖然我只參演了電影的一部分，但也給我帶來很多啟發和感動，這部電影關注了九類特殊兒童群體，我參與拍攝的故事和聾啞兒童有關，跟我一起搭檔演出的也是一名聾啞兒童，拍攝之前，我還有些顧慮，我不知道該怎么去跟他交流，我擔心因為自己不小心的舉動傷害到他，但是見面之后，我才發現成年人的世界真的是，因為想太多而變得復雜，只要我們保持一顆平常的心，用平等的方式去交流，就不會存在特別的障礙，重要的是你怎么看，而不是他怎么想，拍攝的那幾天，我平靜而快樂，每當完成一個鏡頭，這個小少年都會跟我豎起大拇指示意，他這個小小的舉動也提醒了我和我們，有人選擇贊美，有人則不!

　　感謝"愛的罵罵"感謝《有一天》感謝喝倒彩時刻提醒我的人，感謝一直鼓勵我的家人和朋友，我希望能有更多的人

　　可以像我一樣，主動地從逆境中走出來，這個世界還有很多需要我們關心的事去做，需要我們關心的人去愛，保持自己的真實，倔強地活下去。

　　I choose in network sound by the fall on the climb up the network sound, when you get it a little famous I thought, it is better to meet with scolded, condemning the most positive way. In March 3, 2016, I issued a "love mama" micro-blog on micro-blog, as long as in my micro-blog comments below, and whether it is encouraging me, scold me, or casual, I donated 50 Fen, 24 hours, more than 100 thousand message, the donation amount is 50693.5 yuan, as a Beijing disabled orphans surgery rehabilitation institutions, here I want to every message thank you.

　　In real life, live strong disabled orphans, one child in a year after operation, finally have the opportunity to stand up, when I saw her for the first time to stand up, I was very moved, very proud of this "black girl" did a good thing. Yes, I say the amount I know some people will say, "donate so little Weasley off" I believe now that most people are not willing to publish the donation amount, because the donation is no longer a heart of behavior, but we become according to the amount to measure how much the size of love.

　　I believe all of you, there must have been friends with the elements, how much is appropriate trouble, I say, not just because I feel heart behavior need to dodge, but also because "love mama is a mirror of the message. When scolded me, maybe two years later to hear me say these words, will remember not too good message, gave the children a chance, this is happy, in fact, we each have a different stage of the new, not love mama? From that moment, I like reborn as relieved, though, I like a lot of actors that have admirable acting talent, feel not born to eat a bowl of rice, but since the choice of the actors of this occupation, I believe that through their own efforts and be kind to others, you can make your own family. And they live a happy life, but all of this, in the summer of 2016, was a pioneering shake showbiz network violence first get out of entertainment, I was the first one to be placed in the subject position of people, Yuan Shanshan, this name seems to be from "Nothing is right." sign, at that time no matter what to say, what to do, what's wrong. More media summed up the Yuan Shanshan is not the audience like the five reasons, the first reason is that there is no reason, this is a more profound emotional foundation, in order to achieve the realm.

　　2016 is really a worry, from spring to summer, are not calm, I also started a little vexed, don't know what happened, I have neither something for nothing, nor do wicked things, why let me roll? Not long, I want to understand a truth, who can say I'm not good, but he must accept that comfort myself, since my career is going to start from the bottom, every bit of progress that I later are full of joy, from zero to sixty from out to sixty points, which make people happy?

　　From that time, I regain dropped years of violin, and fitness, exercise makes me feel good, and practicing fitness will let me every day to the fullest when not working, there is not too much time on the Internet, no more friends in the crowd.

　　I suggest young people who are addicted to the Internet, every day can squeeze a little time to exercise, when some day in the future is bullied, at least you can like me, shenqingruyan, free rolling, as past, perhaps the future will encounter the network violence over, I don't love hurt because the network violence again, please use let the other person worthy of language.

　　Special thanks to the company at that period of time, my family and friends, thank them to withstand a time yet to lose weight, the weight is very heavy for me, these experiences, and not to show how powerful you are, but because these experiences let me have enough time to think and I asked you a question, if I was really overwhelmed abandoned actor in this occupation, whether the network violence will disappear, of course not, since still have to face, should actively face.

　　Not long ago, I participated in a charity film, the film has a very positive philosophy: everyone has the freedom to choose the right and opportunity, whether it is happy or not you born, I agree very much, so I choose to be a positive and happy self, no longer controlled by the network of violence, not only see the negative side, say to do charity is to help other people, in my body into a more happy, the name of the movie called "one day" here I would like to recommend a special, although I only made a part of the film, but also to I brought a lot of inspiration and moved, the film focused on nine classes of special groups of children, I participated in the filming of the story and deaf children, together with my partner before the show is also a deaf children, shooting, I still have some Worry, I do not know how to communicate with him, I am worried because you accidentally move to hurt him, but after the meeting, I found that the adult world is really too much, because I want to become more complex, as long as we keep a normal heart, with equal way to communicate, do not there are particular obstacles, it is important how you see, rather than what he thinks, that a few days of shooting, I am calm and happy, whenever a lens, the boy will tell me the thumbs up sign, he this small action also remind me and us, some people choose to have praise. People are not!

　　Thank you love mama for "one day" to remind me of the boos, thank you always encourage my family and friends, I hope to have more people

　　Can be like me, take the initiative to come out from the face of adversity, the world there are many things we need to do to do, we need to care about people to love, to maintain their true, stubborn to live.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇42

　　01. Remember to say thank you

　　Hi. I'm here to talk to you about the importance of praise, admiration and thank you, and having it be specific and genuine.

　　And the way I got interested in this was, I noticed in myself, when I was growing up, and until about a few years ago, that I would want to say thank you to someone, I would want to praise them, I would want to take in their praise of me and I'd just stop it. And I asked myself, why? I felt shy, I felt embarrassed. And then my question became, am I the only one who does this? So, I decided to investigate.

　　I'm fortunate enough to work in the rehab facility, so I get to see people who are facing life and death with addiction. And sometimes it comes down to something as simple as, their core wound is their father died without ever saying he's proud of them. But then, they hear from all the family and friends that the father told everybody else that he was proud of him, but he never told the son. It's because he didn't know that his son needed to hear it.

　　So my question is, why don't we ask for the things that we need? I know a gentleman, married for 25 years, who's longing to hear his wife say, "Thank you for being the breadwinner, so I can stay home with the kids," but won't ask. I know a woman who's good at this. She, once a week, meets with her husband and says, "I'd really like you to thank me for all these things I did in the house and with the kids." And he goes, "Oh, this is great, this is great." And praise really does have to be genuine, but she takes responsibility for that. And a friend of mine, April, who I've had since kindergarten, she thanks her children for doing their chores. And she said, "

　　But before I show you what’s inside,

　　I will tell you that’s going to do incredible things for you .

　　It will bring all of your family together.

　　You will feel loved and appreciated like never before.

　　And reconnect to friends and acquaintances you haven’t heard from in years.

　　Adoration and admiration will overwhelm you.

　　It will recalibrate what’s important in your life.

　　It will redefine your sense of spirituality and faith.

　　You’ll have a new understanding and trust in your body.

　　You’ll have unsurpassed vitality and energy.

　　You’ll expand your vocabulary, meet new people, and you’ll have a healthier lifestyle. And get this, you’ll have an eight-week vacation of doing absolutely nothing.

　　You’ll eat countless gourmet meals.

　　Flowers will arrive by the truck load.

　　People will say to you: “you look great! Have you had any work done?”

　　And you’ll have a life-time supply of good drugs.

　　You’ll be challenged, inspired, motivated and humbled.

　　Your life will have new meaning: peace, health, serenity, happiness, nirvana.

　　The price?

　　Fifty-five thousand dollars.

　　And that’s an incredible deal.

　　By now, I know you’re dying to know what it is and where you can get one.

　　Does Amazon carry it?

　　Dose it have the Apple logo on it?

　　Is there a waiting list?

　　Not likely.

　　This gift came to me about five months ago.

　　And looked more like this when it was all wrapped up.

　　Not quite so pretty.

　　And this.

　　And then this.

　　It was a rare jam.

　　A brain tumor.

　　Hemangioblastoma.

　　The gift that keeps on giving.

　　And while I’m ok now.

　　I wouldn’t wish this gift for you.

　　I’m not sure you’d want it.

　　But I would’t change my experience.

　　It profoundly altered my life in ways it didn’t expect.

　　In all the ways I just shared with you.

　　So the next time you are faced with something that’s unexpected, unwanted and uncertain. Consider that it just may be a gift.

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇43

　　演說題目：Questioning the universe

　　演說者：Stephen Hawking

　　There is nothing bigger or older than the universe. The questions I would like to talk about are: one, where did we come from? How did the universe come into being? Are we alone in the universe? Is there alien life out there? What is the future of the human race?

　　沒什么比宇宙更廣大更久遠的了。你們的問題中我想聊一下的是：你我何從?宇宙何來?宇宙中就只有我們?有外星異生物么?人類的未來將會如何?

　　Up until the 1920s, everyone thought the universe was essentially static and unchanging in time. Then it was discovered that the universe was expanding. Distant galaxies were moving away from us. This meant they must have been closer together in the past. If we extrapolate back, we find we must have all been on top of each other about 15 billion years ago. This was the Big Bang, the beginning of the universe.

　　上世紀20xx年代之前，所有人都以為宇宙基本上是處于穩態，流金歲月，持恒不變。之后我們發現原來宇宙正在膨脹中。遼遠星系一直飛離我們，這意味著它們必定曾相靠近。我們若往后推算，就會發現我們必都曾於約150億年前，互相堆疊在一起。正是這 "霹靂大爆炸" ——宇宙之起始。

　　But was there anything before the Big Bang? If not, what created the universe? Why did the universe emerge from the Big Bang the way it did? We used to think that the theory of the universe could be divided into two parts. First, there were the laws like Maxwell's equations and general relativity that determined the evolution of the universe, given its state over all of space at one time. And second, there was no question of the initial state of the universe.

　　然而大爆炸前可有什么嗎?若是沒有，又是什么創造宇宙呢?宇宙緣何要從大霹靂中冒出呢?過往我們都認為宇宙論可分成兩部分，首先，是定律。像“麥克斯韋方程組”'和 “廣義相對論”以其于同一刻設定整個時空之狀態，而決定了宇宙之演化進程。次之，是對宇宙雛形的疑問。

　　We have made good progress on the first part, and now have the knowledge of the laws of evolution in all but the most extreme conditions. But until recently, we have had little idea about the initial conditions for the universe. However, this division into laws of evolution and initial conditions depends on time and space being separate and distinct.

　　第一部分我們取得良好進展，除了“至極端境況”'以外�，F在已對演化規律于所有境況下之進程有所掌握�？芍敝磷罱�，我們仍對宇宙初生當時之周圍條件不甚了了。然而，這演化律及初始條件之界分，乃囿于"時 空分明"之概念內。

　　Under extreme conditions, general relativity and quantum theoryallow time to behave like another dimension of space. This removes the distinction between time and space, and means the laws of evolution can also determine the initial state. The universe can spontaneously create itself out of nothing.

　　而於極端條件下，廣義相對論及量子論容許“時間”如同“空間”的另一維度般運作。這就將“時.空”之間區別移除了，即是說演化律 亦可決定初始狀態。宇宙可以由無變有自我創生!

　　Moreover, we can calculate a probability that the universe was created in different states. These predictions are in excellent agreement with observations by the WMAP satellite of the cosmic microwave background, which is an imprint of the very early universe. We think we have solved the mystery of creation. Maybe we should patent the universe and charge everyone royalties for their existence.

　　我們甚至可以計算出宇宙在不同情況下誕生的可能性。這些推論與WMAP衛星所觀測到的宇宙微波背景輻射(即大爆炸之痕跡)相當一致。我們相信已勘破了創造奧秘或許我們應將“宇宙”給注冊，然后向每個生存于世的人收“生活費”。

　　I now turn to the second big question: are we alone, or is there other life in the universe? We believe that life arose spontaneously on the Earth, so it must be possible for life to appear on other suitable planets, of which there seem to be a large number in the galaxy.

　　現在我轉到第二個大問題去，宇宙中就只有我們，還是另有其它生物?我們相信生命從地球自我衍生，故此生命確有可能出現於其它合適星球——星河中看來可有不少呢。

　　But we don't know how life first appeared. We have two pieces of observational evidence on the probability of life appearing. The first is that we have fossils of algae from 3.5 billion years ago. The Earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago and was probably too hot for about the first half billion years. So life appeared on Earth within half a billion years of it being possible, which is short compared to the 10-billion-year lifetime of a planet of Earth type. This suggests that the probability of life appearing is reasonably high. If it was very low, one would have expected it to take most of the ten billion years available.

　　但我們仍未攪通生命是如何生成：對於生命誕生的可能契機，我們有兩項觀測得來的佐證。首先我們有來自35億年前的海藻化石。地球于46億年前形成，頭約5億年相信仍太熱了。故此生命于其變得可能后的5億年間方出現，這相對于像地球之類百億年期的'星體，只算是一段短時間。這意味著生命出現的概率是頗高的。若是低的話，就可預期要花盡百億年的絕大部分才會出現。

　　On the other hand, we don't seem to have been visited by aliens. I am discounting the reports of UFOs.Why would they appear only to cranks and weirdos? If there is a government conspiracy to suppress the reports and keep for itself the scientific knowledge the aliens bring, it seems to have been a singularly ineffective policy so far. Furthermore, despite an extensive search by the SETI project, we haven't heard any alien television quiz shows. This probably indicates that there are no alien civilizations at our stage of development within a radius of a few hundred light years. Issuing an insurance policy against abduction by aliens seems a pretty safe bet.

　　另一方面，我們似乎從未見有外星人到訪。我不信那些什么“不明物體的報導”。它們干嗎要單向那些古古怪怪的人現身呢?若真有一個甚麼政府陰謀要將報導打住，從而將外星人所帶來之科學識據為己有，那可真像個既離奇，亦從未見效的舉措。再說，即便SETI計劃已進行廣泛探索，我們還沒有收聽到任何外太空電視答問節目。這可能昭示在我們現階段文明發展之方圓數百光年范圍之內，并沒有其它外星異文化。賣保險給那些怕被外星人綁架的人，看來是個不錯的選擇。

　　This brings me to the last of the big questions: the future of the human race. If we are the only intelligent beings in the galaxy, we should make sure we survive and continue. But we are entering an increasingly dangerous period of our history. Our population and our use of the finite resources of planet Earth are growing exponentially, along with our technical ability to change the environment for good or ill. But our genetic code still carries the selfish and aggressive instincts that were of survival advantage in the past. It will be difficult enough to avoid disaster in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand or million.

　　這送我到了最后一個大問題：人類的前途。若我們是星河里唯一智能生物，就必須確保自己能存活并延續下去。但我們正邁入歷史中一個愈發危險的時段。我們的人囗和對地球有限資源的耗用，正以幾何級數增長，相隨的是我們將環境或弄好或弄垮的技術才能，至于我們的基因指令則仍帶著那自私和好斗的本質，這或有利于我們過往求存，卻又讓我們于往后數百年內人禍難逃。更別說未來千百萬年了。

　　Our only chance of long-term survival is not to remain inward-looking on planet Earth, but to spread out into space. The answers to these big questions show that we have made remarkable progress in the last hundred years. But if we want to continue beyond the next hundred years, our future is in space.That is why I am in favor of manned — or should I say, personned — space flight.

　　我們長活下去的唯一機會，不是一直呆著在地球而是沖出太空去。這些大問題之解答顯示我們于過去數百年取得可觀進展�？扇粢�超越未來數百年，們的前途在于太空。正因此，我較傾向于 "人" 控——( man 于英語中可單指'人“”或“男人”) 或許我應說，由人駕駛之太空旅航。

　　All of my life I have sought to understand the universe and find answers to these questions. I have been very lucky that my disability has not been a serious handicap. Indeed, it has probably given me more time than most people to pursue the quest for knowledge. The ultimate goal is a complete theory of the universe, and we are making good progress. Thank you for listening.

　　我一生都在探究想要了解宇宙并找出這些問題之答案。我一直都非常幸運，我的殘疾并沒造成嚴重障礙;說真的，這反倒讓我比大部分人獲得更多時間以從事知識之追求。終極目標是一套完備的宇宙論，而我們已有良好進展。感謝您們的聆聽。

　　Chris Anderson: Professor, if you had to guess either way, do you now believe that it is more likely than not that we are alone in the Milky Way, as a civilization of our level of intelligence or higher? This answer took seven minutes, and really gave me an insight into the incredible act of generosity this whole talk was for TED.

　　安德森：教授，若您必須二選其一作猜測，此刻您是較相信還是較不相信我們是天河中唯一現水平或更高水平之智能文化?準備這答案已花了7分多鐘，真讓我深切體會到這整個演講為TED所付出之，讓人難以置信之慷慨。

　　Stephen Hawking: I think it quite likely that we are the only civilization within several hundred light years; otherwise we would have heard radio waves. The alternative is that civilizations don't last very long, but destroy themselves.

　　霍金：我想我們應該是數百光年范圍內之獨一文明;否則我們應已收聽到電波。另一種可能是，該等文明都維持不久，就自我毀滅掉。

　　CA: Professor Hawking, thank you for that answer. We will take it as a salutary warning, I think, for the rest of our conference this week. Professor, we really thank you for the extraordinary effort you madeto share your questions with us today. Thank you very much indeed.

　　安德森： 霍金教授，謝謝您的解答。我想，我們會將之作為這一周余下會談之座右銘。教授，我們衷心感謝您今天為與我們分享您的問題所作出之卓越貢獻。真的非常感謝您。

　　(Applause)

　　(掌聲)

　　經典TED英語演講稿 篇44

　　Look, I had second thoughts, really, about whether I could talk about this to such a vital and alive audience as you guys. Then I remembered the quote from Gloria Steinem, which goes, "The truth will set you free, but first it will piss you off." (Laughter) So -- (Laughter)

　　So with that in mind, I'm going to set about trying to do those things here, and talk about dying in the 21st century. Now the first thing that will piss you off, undoubtedly, is that all of us are, in fact, going to die in the 21st century. There will be no exceptions to that. There are, apparently, about one in eight of you who think you're immortal, on surveys, but -- (Laughter) Unfortunately, that isn't going to happen.

　　While I give this talk, in the next 10 minutes, a hundred million of my cells will die, and over the course of today, 2,000 of my brain cells will die and never come back, so you could argue that the dying process starts pretty early in the piece.

　　Anyway, the second thing I want to say about dying in the 21st century, apart from it's going to happen to everybody, is it's shaping up to be a bit of a train wreck for most of us, unless we do something to try and reclaim this process from the rather inexorable trajectory that it's currently on.

　　So there you go. That's the truth. No doubt that will piss you off, and now let's see whether we can set you free. I don't promise anything. Now, as you heard in the intro, I work in intensive care, and I think I've kind of lived through the heyday of intensive care. It's been a ride, man. This has been fantastic. We have machines that go ping. There's many of them up there. And we have some wizard technology which I think has worked really well, and over the course of the time I've worked in intensive care, the death rate for males in Australia has halved, and intensive care has had something to do with that. Certainly, a lot of the technologies that we use have got something to do with that.

　　So we have had tremendous success, and we kind of got caught up in our own success quite a bit, and we started using expressions like "lifesaving." I really apologize to everybody for doing that, because obviously, we don't. What we do is prolong people's lives, and delay death, and redirect death, but we can't, strictly speaking, save lives on any sort of permanent basis.

　　And what's really happened over the period of time that I've been working in intensive care is that the people whose lives we started saving back in the '70s, '80s, and '90s, are now coming to die in the 21st century of diseases that we no longer have the answers to in quite the way we did then.

　　So what's happening now is there's been a big shift in the way that people die, and most of what they're dying of now isn't as amenable to what we can do as what it used to be like when I was doing this in the '80s and '90s.

　　So we kind of got a bit caught up with this, and we haven't really squared with you guys about what's really happening now, and it's about time we did. I kind of woke up to this bit in the late '90s when I met this guy. This guy is called Jim, Jim Smith, and he looked like this. I was called down to the ward to see him. His is the little hand. I was called down to the ward to see him by a respiratory physician. He said, "Look, there's a guy down here. He's got pneumonia, and he looks like he needs intensive care. His daughter's here and she wants everything possible to be done." Which is a familiar phrase to us. So I go down to the ward and see Jim, and his skin his translucent like this. You can see his bones through the skin. He's very, very thin, and he is, indeed, very sick with pneumonia, and he's too sick to talk to me, so I talk to his daughter Kathleen, and I say to her, "Did you and Jim ever talk about what you would want done if he ended up in this kind of situation?" And she looked at me and said,

　　"No, of course not!" I thought, "Okay. Take this steady." And I got talking to her, and after a while, she said to me, "You know, we always thought there'd be time."

　　Jim was 94. (Laughter) And I realized that something wasn't happening here. There wasn't this dialogue going on that I imagined was happening. So a group of us started doing survey work, and we looked at four and a half thousand nursing home residents in Newcastle, in the Newcastle area, and discovered that only one in a hundred of them had a plan about what to do when their hearts stopped beating. One in a hundred. And only one in 500 of them had plan about what to do if they became seriously ill. And I realized, of course, this dialogue is definitely not occurring in the public at large.

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