Unit 11 Key to Success
高三英語備課組 主 備：陳曉燕 2006, 10, 25
Teaching Aims.
1. Talk about social behavior and social relations.
2. Talk about teamwork and success.
3. Practice presenting ideas.
4. Grasp some new words, phrases and sentence structures.
Important new words and phrases.
criterion, criteria, stick with, through thick and thin, pull out of, summary, summarize, frequency, reputation, suspect, for the sake of, in reality, temporary, uncertain, expectation, compromise, excite, regulation, take … into account, dynamic, shortcoming, embarrass, contradictory, explosion, ambitious, ambition, as a whole, congratulate, once again, combination, live up to, accommodate, decline.
Important sentence structures.
1. Do you stick with your friends through thick and thin?
2. While working there you discover that the manager does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products that are prepared in its kitchens and will be delivered to the customers.
3. Especially at school, it sometimes feels as if we are being asked to work in teams for the sake of just that.
4. No matter how hard that you try, working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.
5. Each offers gifts and processes that complement the others, contributing in a unique way to the qualitative functioning of the whole, whether the “whole” is a team, a class, a family or society.
Teaching procedures：
Period Ⅰ Word Study
1. pull out of 從……退出
(1) They are pulling their troops out of the battle zone. 他們正把部隊(duì)調(diào)離戰(zhàn)區(qū)。
(2) The expense of the project is so much that we have to pull out.
這個(gè)工程耗資太大，我們只好退出.
(3) Once you are trapped in it, you can hardly ____.
A. pull out B. pull down C. pull away D. pull up
(4) The tree is hard to pull ______.
A. out B. up C. over D. off
(5) He jumped onto the train just as it was pulling ______.
A. up B. off C. away D. down
(6) The special train pulled _____ at 10 am...
A. off B. away C. out D. in
相關(guān)固定搭配:
pull out of the fire 使轉(zhuǎn)敗為勝 pull apart 扯斷,撕開; 找出……錯(cuò)處,批評(píng)
pull away 開動(dòng),離開 pull down 拆毀
pull in (車)進(jìn)站; (船)靠岸 pull off 脫(衣,帽等); 把車開到路邊;努力實(shí)現(xiàn)
pull on 穿戴(襪子,手套等);繼續(xù)拉或劃 pull over 把…拉過來; 把…開到路邊
pull through (使)渡過危機(jī)(險(xiǎn)); 使恢復(fù)健康 pull back 阻力,逆境; 撤回
pull up 使停下,拔起（樹，草等）；阻止，斥責(zé)
2. suspect (suspected, suspected) adj. suspicious n. suspicion
suspect sb. of sth. (doing sth.) 懷疑某人（做某事）
eg. What made you suspect her of having taken the money? 你憑什么懷疑她拿了錢？
認(rèn)為，猜，想．
They suspected him of the murderer. = They suspected him to be the murderer.
他們認(rèn)為他是兇手．
She suspected that he was lying. 她認(rèn)為他在撒謊．
(1) We ______ him ______ giving false information. That would be terrible.
A. suspect; of B. suspect; with C. suspect; from D. suspect; in
(2) Nobody wants to make friends with the boy ______ money.
A. suspected of having stolen B. suspecting to steal
C. suspected having stolen D. suspecting to have stolen
3. sake n. 緣故(僅用于成語)
for the sake of 為了…… for any sake 無論如何
without sake 無緣無故 for safety’s sake 為安全起見
for God’s (goodness’, pity’s) sake (加強(qiáng)祈使句)看在上帝份上；務(wù)請
eg. (1) They fought for the sake of their country.= They fought for their countries sake. 他們?yōu)閲鴳?zhàn)．
(2) For God’s sake, stop quarrelling. 看在上帝份上，別吵了．
(3) I’ll help for your sister’s sake. 看在你姐姐面上我?guī)湍悖?/p>
(4) Students must make it clear that they don’t study for teacher’s sake but for the sake of their own. 學(xué)生必須弄清楚，他們不是為了老師學(xué)習(xí)而是為了他們自己．
(5) The couple only stayed together _____ the children.
A. in the hope of B. for the purpose of C. in the name of D. for the sake of
4. uncertain adj. 不確切的，無把握的． 反 certain
n. (1) 確鑿的，無疑的
It is certain that …… be certain of
It is certain that two plus two makes four. 2加2等于４是確切無疑的．
He is certain of their honesty. 他毫不懷疑他們的誠實(shí)．
(2)確信的，有把握的
eg. She is certain to do well in the examination. 他這次考試肯定能考好．
Are you certain that you’ll get there in time. 你有把握及時(shí)感到那里嗎？
(3) 可靠的
There is no certain cure for this illness. 這種病尚無可靠的療法．
(4) 某一，某種，一定的，相當(dāng)?shù)模?/p>
on certain condition 在某些條件下 for a certain reason 為了某種理由
to a certain extent 達(dá)到某種程度 a man of a certain age 相當(dāng)年紀(jì)的人
pron. 某幾個(gè)，某些
for certain 肯定的，確鑿的
I don’t know for certain. 我不很確切地知道．
make certain (of/ that ) 把……弄確實(shí)；弄清楚
Make certain when the train leaves. 去弄清楚火車什么時(shí)候開．
復(fù)習(xí)sure和certain的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別：（供學(xué)生閱讀消化）英語中的sure和certain是近義形容詞，均有“肯定的；確信的；有把握的”的意思，它們的用法也大體相似，許多情況下可以通用，但它們之間也有一些差別。
相同點(diǎn)
兩者都能用于“be sure/certain + about /of短語”句型中，表示“對（某事）有把握”。主語必須是人，about/of之后多跟名詞、代詞。
I am sure/certain of his returning. 我確信他會(huì)回來。
He is quite sure/certain of /about it. 他對這事很有把握。
兩者都能用于be sure/certain to do sth句型中，表示“一定會(huì)做某事”，主語可以是人，也可以是物。
Spring is sure/certain to follow winter. 冬天過后一定是春天。
They are sure/certain to come. 他們一定會(huì)來的。
兩者都能用于“be sure/certain +從句”句型中，表示“確信……”，主語只能是人，而不能是物。
Tom is sure/certain that I put the key on the table. 湯姆確信我把鑰匙放在桌子上了。
We are sure/certain that the book will be of great help to us.
我們相信這本書對我們會(huì)有很大幫助。
兩者都能用于“make sure/certain +從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“確定；弄清楚”，主語只能是人。 You must make sure/certain when the bus will leave. 你必須弄清汽車何時(shí)出發(fā)。
He made sure/certain that he had turned off the gas. 他確信他關(guān)掉了煤氣。
不同點(diǎn)
“I ' m sure…”與“I ' m certain…”均可譯為“我深信（確）信……”，但兩者的含義卻不同。前者表示一種主觀上的判斷或感覺，事實(shí)并不一定如此。后者強(qiáng)調(diào)的則是客觀事實(shí)，意為主語已經(jīng)知道后面的內(nèi)容是既定的事實(shí)。試比較下面一組句子：
I'm sure he didn't steal it. He isn’t that kind of person. 我確信他沒偷，他不是那種人。
I'm certain he didn't break the cup. I broke it myself.
我敢肯定他沒有打碎那個(gè)茶杯，（因?yàn)椋┠莻�(gè)茶杯是我打碎的。
如果it作為形式主語代替從句時(shí)，則其后的表語用certain，而不能用sure。
It isn ' t certain whether he will give us a report next Monday.
下星期一他是否來為我們作報(bào)告還不能確定。
兩者在作定語時(shí)含義不同：sure意為“可靠的；無誤的”；而certain若修飾可數(shù)名詞，意為“某一；某些；某種；一些”，若修飾抽象名詞，表示程度，意為“有點(diǎn)；有些”。
The letter was sent by a sure hand. 信已由一位可靠的人寄出了。
He made a sure answer. 他回答得準(zhǔn)確無誤。
A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天有個(gè)人來找過我。
在祈使句中常用sure，不宜用certain。
Be sure and remember what I told you. 千萬要記住我對你講的話。
Be sure to write and tell me all the good news. 務(wù)必寫信告訴我所有的好消息。
口語中，sure常作副詞，用在肯定答語中替代surely，這時(shí)與of course，certainly意思相當(dāng)，而certain不可作副詞用。
-Would you please turn down the radio a little bit? 請你把收音機(jī)音量擰小點(diǎn)，好嗎？
-Sure. 當(dāng)然可以。-Do you still remember our first fishing trip?
-I sure do. 你還記得我們第一次去釣魚嗎？當(dāng)然記得了。
小結(jié)不同點(diǎn)
sure certain
表示判斷 主觀上的 客觀上的
It作形式主語 不可用 可用
作定語的意義 可靠的；無誤的 可靠的; 某一；某些；某種；一些
在祈使句中 常用sure 不宜用certain
作副詞用 可以 不可
5. excite vt. 使興奮；使激動(dòng) n. excitement
（常用于被動(dòng)）
The news of her arrival excited the crowd.她到達(dá)的消息使人群激動(dòng)起來。
The children were very excited by the program.孩子們看了節(jié)目非常興奮。
vt. 激發(fā)某人的情感
The recent discoveries have excited great interest among doctors.
最近的多項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)引起醫(yī)生們的極大興趣。
His great success excited his friends’ envy.他的巨大成就引起了他的朋友的羨慕。
exciting adj.（事物）令人興奮的 比較：excited（人）感到興奮的
At the exciting news, He was too excited to say a word.
聽到這個(gè)令人興奮的消息，他激動(dòng)得說不出話來。
有許多其他詞也與excite類似，有兩種形容詞形式。v.-ing形式的詞表示“（事物等）令人……的”，而v.-ed形式的詞則表示“（人）感到……的”。列舉如下：
interesting（令人感到有趣的）-interested（感到有趣的）
surprising（令人驚奇的）-surprised（感到驚奇的）
boring（令人覺得枯燥的）-bored（感到枯燥的）
puzzling（令人困惑不解的）-puzzled（感到困惑的）
encouraging（令人鼓舞的）-encouraged（感到鼓舞的）
discouraging（令人泄氣的）-discouraged（感到泄氣的）
inspiring（令人鼓舞的）-inspired（感到激勵(lì)的）
pleasing（令人高興的）-pleased（感到高興的）
worrying（令人焦慮的）-worried（感到焦慮的）
tiring（令人疲憊的）-tired（感到疲憊的）
disappointing（令人失望的）-disappointed（感到失望的）
moving（令人感動(dòng)的）-moved（受到感動(dòng)的）
frightening（令人害怕的）-frightened（感到害怕的）
embarrassing（令人難堪的）-embarrassed（感到難堪的）
eg. The puzzled look on his face suggested that he didn’t know how to deal with the puzzling situation. 他臉上（感到）困惑的表情說明他不知道如何對付這一令人困惑的處境。
6. congratulate vt. 祝賀；慶賀
congratulate vi. 祝賀，向……道賀；慶幸，高興
congratulation n. congratulator 祝賀者
常用句型 congratulate sb.／oneself on（doing）sth.
We congratulated her on the birth of her daughter. 我們祝賀她生了個(gè)女兒。
She congratulated herself on having thought of such a good idea.
她為自己能想出這樣的好主意而感到高興。
n. congratulations, 注意復(fù)數(shù)詞尾后面的介詞搭配仍是on 。
Congratulations（to you）on winning the prize! 祝賀你獲獎(jiǎng)！
He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.他慶幸自己在空難中幸免于死。
7. live up to 依照……行事；做到；不辜負(fù)（期望）
live up to one’s reputation不負(fù)盛名
Do live up to your parents’ expectations. 別辜負(fù)父母的期望。
expectation期待，期望，預(yù)料；（對成功幸運(yùn)的期待，指望）
without much expectation of success 對成功不要抱太大的指望
our team has every expectation of winning我隊(duì)勝券在握
contrary to /against expectation(s) 出乎意料（副詞）
beyond expectation(s) 出乎意料（副詞，形容詞）
come/ live up to one’s expectation(s) 符合某人的期待
in expectation of 預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有……
eg. (1). In expectation of a traffic jam,, I decided to walk 預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)交通堵塞，我決定步行
(2). a young artist with great expectations 有遠(yuǎn)大前程的青年藝術(shù)家
(3) The WTO can’t live up to its name _______it doesn’t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though
(4). We will live _______ what our parents expect us.
A. on B. in C. up to D. with
Live 相關(guān)短語：
live a happy (miserable/ hard) life 過著幸福的（悲慘的/艱苦的）生活
live apart 夫妻分居 live by 靠……維生
live down 使慢慢淡忘 live for 為……而活；盼著
live in 住校，在工作的地方吃住 （反）live out
live on 靠吃……生存，以……為主食；靠……（收入）生活
live with 和。。。住在一起；接受（不愉快的事物）
Period Ⅱ Reading
Teaching aims.
1. Learn and master the following words and phrases: temporary cooperate, uncertain, expectation, shortcoming, embarrass contradictory，for the sake of, keep an eye on, take something into account.
2. Improve the Ss’ reading ability.
3. Enable the Ss to realize that it is important to learn to co-operate.
Teaching difficult points:
1. How to improve the Ss’ reading ability.
2. Master the following phrases and sentences.
What if ……？ feel as if, for the sake of, keep an eye on, take sth into consideration.
Teaching methods:
1. Skimming and Scanning methods
2. Individual, pair work or group work
3. Discussion.
Teaching procedures.
Step I Lead in
T: I want to move this desk to the 4th floor. But I can’t do it by myself. Who can help me?
(a student comes) we two did this job together and what we can call the job?
-----it is team work.
T: where else do we need team work?
-----football, basketball, rugby, working…
Step 2 Fast-reading
1. In sports games, a player .
A. often changes his role B. has a clear role
C. feels that players with different abilities make different contributions to the team.
D. accepts the same expectations and responsibilities as the other players
2. The author takes for example to show how a team can work well.
A. the sports team B. the project team C. the rugby team D. a dynamic team
3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 7?
A. How a project team is different from a rugby team.
B. How a project team works.
C. In a project team, people who have different abilities and personalities have different roles into team.
D. How the tasks of the group are divided depends on personalities and abilities of the individuals in the group.
4. According to the text, which of the following statements is not right?
A. The coach of a sports team is not counted as a team member, so he is less important.
B. social relations are important within the team.
C. the atmosphere in the group affects the performance of the team.
D. It’s not necessary for all team members to be friends.
Step 3 Careful- reading
1. Why are people sometimes made up a team to finish a job?
2. What is coach’s job in a sports team?
3. Why is working in groups at school an opportunity to learn about teamwork?
4. What does the task division for the group depend on in a team?
5. What will the lack of recognition of differences in human functioning lead to?
Suggested answers:
1. Because the job cannot be efficiently or effectively completed by any member of the group alone.
2. A coach in a team needs to discuss strategy and make decisions about the composition of the team.
3. Because group work makes up aware of the role that is most suitable for each of us. Practice also brings the benefit of getting experience working with other people. It teaches us to be patient and to respond to different personalities.
4. How the tasks of the group are divided depends on the personalities and abilities of the individuals in the group.
5.The lack of recognition of differences in human functioning will lead to much misunderstanding, conflict, and waste of energy.
Step 4. Summary
Ask students to divide the passage into 5 parts.
Parts Main idea
Part 1( Paras.1-2) What is a team.
Part 1( Paras.3-4) Sports team.
Part 3(.5) Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn about teamwork.
Part 4( Paras.6-7) Project team.
Part 5( Paras.8-10) How to make teams function well.
The passage is mainly about the importance of teamwork. It tells us that teamwork is necessary and important because some work in our life cannot be accomplished by someone alone. Working in teams at school is a preparation for our future. To make the team function well, all team members should help, respect and support each other and be clear about their roles. On the other hand, it is important to know every member’s strengths and shortcomings, because different personalities and abilities can fit different requirements in the society and can help us avoid embarrassing other team members. In this way, we can make the best of working with team members.
Step 5. Language points.
1. be counted as 被認(rèn)可，被認(rèn)為有效。
count … as 認(rèn)為……有效 regard … as 認(rèn)為……是
treat… as 把……當(dāng)作……對待 consider… (as/ to be) 認(rèn)為……是
look on… as 認(rèn)為……是 think of … as 認(rèn)為……是
honor…as 授予……的稱號(hào)
(1). A few lines of words aren’t counted as poem. 幾行字不能算是詩。
(2). Janet was counted as one of the greatest magician over the world.
珍妮被視為世界最好的魔術(shù)師之一。
(3) The government has ______ him ______ a model worker.
A. honored; as B. honored; for C. honored; with D. been honored; like
(4) Waste is ______ as a crime.
A. regarding B. regarded C. considering D. taken
2. There are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.
很少有這樣的時(shí)候，成員對自己（在隊(duì)中）的作用很模糊或不確定。
when 引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞occasion還原到句中作狀語。
(1) Wedding is an occasion when bride is the most beautiful. 婚禮是新娘打扮得最漂亮的時(shí)候。
(2) There are few occasions when he is at home. 他很少有在家的時(shí)候。
(3) There was ______ time ________ I hated to go to school.
A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when
(4) I will never forget the days ______ I used to work in that factory.
A. that B. which C. when D. what
3. attach… to… 將……系在……上面；依附某人；將……派給（去執(zhí)行某任務(wù)）；使隸屬于
(1)Do you attach any importance to what he said? 你認(rèn)為他說的話重要嗎？
(2) You’ll be attached to this department until the end of the year. 你在年底前將暫屬于這個(gè)部門。
(3) I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum. 我隨著一群游客混入博物館。
(5) The porters attached a label to each piece of baggage. 搬運(yùn)工在每件行李上都加上了標(biāo)簽。
4. take … into account 計(jì)及；斟酌；體諒；考慮；將……考慮在內(nèi)
Take… into account= take account of=take into consideration
(1) We must take local conditions into account. 我們必須把當(dāng)?shù)氐臈l件考慮進(jìn)去。
(2) We must take account of the interests of the State. 我們必須考慮到國家的利益。
(3) When judging his performance, don’t take his age into account.
評(píng)定他的表現(xiàn)時(shí)，不必考慮他的年齡。
(4) What he did was excellent in the examination. We must _____ his age.
A. take into account B. pay attention to C. considering that D. take account for
(5) I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into ______ when judging my examination.
A. regard B. account C. thought D. observation
復(fù)習(xí) account
(1)I bought the bike on account. 我賒賬買了這輛自行車。
(2)We could not go on account of the rain. 因?yàn)橄掠晡覀儾荒苋ァ?/p>
(3)On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals.
不論什么原因游客都不允許用東西喂動(dòng)物。
(4)It is a matter of great account. 這是一件重要的事情。
(5) No one could account for the disappearance of the money. 誰也說不清楚這些錢丟失的原因。
(6) Smokers account for 20 percent of the whole population in the world. 煙民占世界總?cè)丝诘?0%。
(7) She gave an account of what he saw in China. 他描述了他在中國看到的事情。
Period Ⅲ Integrating Skills
Step 1 Lead in
Most of us are studying here aimed at going to universities. Is it the only way to succeed?
Step Ⅱ Fast-reading
1. Li Yonghong had an opportunity to go to university, but she gave it up. (F)
2. The writer is trying to tell us that people who can’t go to university can also achieve great success. (T)
3. The story of Li Yonghong is rare. (F)
4Life at high school is very important because it’s easy to get to know ourselves while at school. (F)
5. The writer thinks we should always listen to our teachers and parents. (F)
6. Many people dream of going to university because they think a university degree is the ticket to success. (T)
7. The little experiment shows us that everyone can succeed through hard work. (F)
8. People have different personality types and each is of equal value. (T)
Step Ⅲ Careful- reading
The structure of the text:
Part 1(1-2): Li Yonghong succeeded through hands-on experience
Part 2(3-6): Two pieces of advice for high school students.
Part3(7-8): People have different personality types and each is of equal value.
Main idea: This passage tells us that to go to university is not the only ticket to success. Instead we should choose the job that makes the most of our special talents and interests.
Step Ⅳ Language points.
1. as a whole 作為整體，普遍說來，一般說來
(1) Will the collection be divided up or sold as a whole? 這批收藏品是零賣還是一起賣？
(2) The population as a whole is in favor of the reform. 全體人民普遍擁護(hù)改革。
on the whole 總的說來，一切都在考慮之內(nèi)
(3) On the whole, I’m in favor of the proposal. 總的說來，我是支持這個(gè)提議的。
(4) _______ I’m quite satisfied with the experiment.
A. As a whole B. On the whole C. As the whole D. On a whole
(5) We must examine these problems.
A. as a whole B. on the whole C. as the whole D. on whole
2. in demand 非常需要，受歡迎的，吃香的
(1) Good interpreters are always in demand. 好的翻譯總是很吃香的。
(2) She is in great demand as a singer. 她是十分受歡迎的歌手。
類似結(jié)構(gòu)：
in store 儲(chǔ)藏著 in need 需要
in business 經(jīng)商 in public 公開的
in secret 私下的，秘密的 in difficulty 處于困難中
in ruins 成為廢墟 in tens 十個(gè)一組，十個(gè)一包
in groups 成群的
(3) At that time, they were short ______ money, that is, they were ____ need of money.
A. with; a B. for; for C. by; with D. of; in
(4) The store has no more red shoes _____, so Mary chose brown ones instead.
A. in demand B. in store C. in need D. in existence
3. accommodate
a. 供給某人住宿或房間
(1)This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests. 這個(gè)旅館可供達(dá)500位來賓住宿。
(2) I will accommodate my plans to yours. 我修改一下計(jì)劃以便和你的計(jì)劃相適應(yīng)。
b. accommodate sb. with … 準(zhǔn)予或提供某人……
(3) The bank will accommodate you with a loan. 銀行將貸給你一筆錢。
c. 幫某人的忙，施恩惠于
(4) I shall endeavor to accommodate you whenever possible. 只要有可能，我將盡全力幫你。
d. 順應(yīng)……； 考慮到
(5）accommodate the special needs of minority groups 照顧少數(shù)團(tuán)體的特殊需要
n. accommodation 房間，住所 accommodations 住宿，膳宿
adj. accommodating （指人）隨和的，樂于助人的
4. No matter how hard, working towards a career for which you are not …
… contributing in a unique way to the qualitative functioning of the whole, whether the “whole” is a team, a class, a family or a society.
No matter how hard和 whether 在此均引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
a. No matter how 在引導(dǎo)讓步從句時(shí)可與however互換使用，而在名詞性從句中只用however.
(1) 不管天氣多冷，他總是去游泳。
She always goes swimming, however cold it is.
She always goes swimming, no matter how cold it is.
(2) 無論是誰觸犯了法律都將會(huì)受到懲罰。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
b. whether conj.
名詞性從句和狀語從句中只用whether，（動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句可與if 互換）
主語從句
(3) 到底是真是假還是個(gè)問題。
Whether it is true remains a question.
賓語從句：if 和whether在賓語從句可互換，但在介詞后只用whether
(4) 我不知道他是否能來。
I don’t know whether/ if he will be able to come.
(5) 我擔(dān)心是否傷了他的感情。
I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
表語從句
(6) 使我們擔(dān)心的是我們是否有足夠的時(shí)間把此事準(zhǔn)備好。
What worries us is whether we have enough time to get it ready.
同位語從句
(7) 這個(gè)是非問題得看情況而定。
The question whether it is right or wrong depends on situation.
(8) 是否要去見他由我一個(gè)人決定。
The decision whether (I am ) to see him was mine alone.
讓步狀語從句
(9) 你必須做這件事，不管你喜歡不喜歡。
Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it.
(10) We will resolutely wipe out the intruders whether they come from the land, the sea or the air.
不管侵略者從陸上來，從海上來，還是從空中來，我們都要堅(jiān)決消滅之。
(11) 不管他是乘火車來還是開汽車來，他總會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。
Whether he drives or takes the train, he’ll be here on time.
本單元短語：
1.what if 倘使……會(huì)怎樣 2.in groups 成群的
3.for the sake of 為了…… 4.in reality 事實(shí)上
5.be familiar with 對……熟悉 6.be counted as 被認(rèn)可，被認(rèn)為有效
7.make decisions about 作出關(guān)于……的決定 8.on the other hand 另一方面
9.attach to 將……系在……上面；依附某人；將……派給（去執(zhí)行某任務(wù)）；使隸屬于
10.be aware of 意識(shí)到…… 11.be suitable for 合適……
12.keep an eye on 照料……
13.take … into account 計(jì)及；斟酌；體諒；考慮；將……考慮在內(nèi)
14.depend on 依靠，依賴于 15.lack of 缺少
16.make the best use of 充分利用 make the most of
17.have … in mind 記住 18.congratulate… on.. . 祝賀……
19.as the years went by 隨著時(shí)間的流逝 20.in demand 非常需要，受歡迎的，吃香的
21.live up to 依照……行事；做到；不辜負(fù)（期望） 22.dream of doing 夢想著做
23. in the eyes of … 在……看來 24. suspect of doing 懷疑……
25. make a contribution to 為……作出貢獻(xiàn)
Exercises
單選：
1. The police suspect him______ with the murder.
A. to be involved with B. of being involved with
C. of involving D. to involve
2. His private actions are ______ direct contradiction ______ his publicly expressed opinions.
A. in ; with B. with ; to C. into ; to D. of : with
3. Although he didn’t like the job, he took it _____ his family.
A. regardless of B. for the sake of C. as a result D. for sake of
4.Though they have nothing in common , they are able to live ___.
A. for harmony B at peace C. in harmony D. without harmony
5.Working at the barber’s shop is ______ experience for her.
A. a quite B. quite an C. much D. a much
6. Will you please _____ it that all the windows are well locked.
A. attend B. make sure C. see D. see to
7. Since these two shirts are ____ the same size and color you may take _____.
A. in ; neither B. of ; either C. of : none D. with ; both
8. She decided to ____ her studies after obtaining her first degree.
A. pursue B. gain C. supply D. go on
9. I have never learned ____ much maths in my life as ___ last year.
A. as ; I do B. as : I did C. so ; I learn D. so ; I have learned
10. Her first sop was started 3 years ago and ever since she ______.
A. hasn’t looked up B. hasn’t looked back C. didn’t look back D. didn’t look into
11. People have been stocking up on water , food and candles ___ the terrible day.
A. in preparation for B. in preparations for C. in the preparation for D. with preparations for
12.What made the boy unhappy was ___ to go fishing with his father.
A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed
C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed
13.He is a person of few words. It is hard to ___ his thoughts.
A. learn B. study C. read D. master
14. He is writing a book ____ the Chinese history.
A. relating to B. concerned C. concerning with D. related with
15. _____ all the good things about online communication is not easy .
A. Named B. Called C. Calling D. Naming
16. She has milked a large part of the sheep , the rest ___ eating grass.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
17. The cattle kept on this farm are as good as ____ imported from abroad.
A. ones B. these C. that D. those
18. A tall wall is being built to ____ the place against thieves.
A. prevent; from B. guard ; from C. keep ; out D. leave ; off
19. They are warned there are many dangers ___.
A. avoiding B. being avoided C. to avoid D. to be avoided
20. There is no point _____ her change her mind.
A. to try and make B. in trying to make C. for trying making D. but try to make
第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36-55各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。
School was over and I was both mentally and physically tired. I sat at the very front of the bus because of my 21 to get home. Sitting at the front makes you 22 out like a shiny coin in a pile of dull pennies.
Janie, the driver, tries to break the 23tmosphere by striking the match of 24 I try to mind my manners and 25 listen, but usually I am too busy thinking about my day. On this day, 26 , her conversation was worth listening to.
“My father's sick,” she said to no one in 27 . I could see the anxiety and fear in her eyes. With a sudden change of attitude and interest, I asked,“What's wrong with him?"
With her eyes wet and her voice tight from 28 he tears, she responded,“Heart trouble.”Her eyes lowered as she 29 “I've already lost my mum, so I don't think I can stand losing him.”
I couldn't respond. I was 30 . My heart ached for her. I sat on the old, smelly seat thinking of the great 31 my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, _32__ still is, for her. I wouldn't like anyone to go 33 that.
Suddenly I realized Janie wasn't only a bus driver. That was 34 her job. She had a whole world of family and concerns too. I had never thought of her as 35 but a driver.
I suddenly felt very 36 . I realized I had only thought of people as 37 as what their purposes were in my life. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged her by her job and brushed her off as 38 .
For all I know, I'm just another person in 39 else's world, and may not even be important. I __40 not have been so selfish and self-centred. Everyone has places to go, people to see and appointments (約會(huì)) to keep. Understanding people is an art.
21A. anxiety B. determination C. decision D. attempt
22A. find B. make C. think D. stand
23A. unpopular B. uncomfortable C. unusual D. unforgettable
24A fire B. topic C. conversation D. discussion
25A. politely B. devotedly C. carelessly D. sincerely
26A. however B. therefore C. thus D. otherwise
27A. surprise B. common C. silence D. particular
28A. fighting B. avoiding C. clearing D. keeping
29A. told B. lasted C. repeated D. continued
30A. for sure B. at ease C. in shock D. in despair
31A. mercy B. pain C. pity D. disappointment
32A. but B. yet C. and D. or
33A. over B. round C. through D. without
34A. almost B. nearly C. ever D. just
35A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
36A. sad B. embarrassed C. selfish D. worried
37A. far B. long C. much D. well
38A. unfit B. unselfish C. unnecessary D. unimportant
39A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. no one
40A. must B. may C. can D. should
A
The sky is a large place, and though it had been carefully examined for centuries, new features still turn up. Last March it was the reigns of Uranus, and last week astronomers announced what may turn out to be a new planet, though a very small one, in the solar system.
The object was first sighted last month by Charles Kowal, an astronomer at the Hale Observatories in Pasadena, Calif. Mr Kowal detected a faint trail of light on photographic plates, indicating that something was moving in relation to the background of stars. Other observers have confirmed the discovery.
The“mini-planet”, identified for the time being as“Object-Kowal”, appears to be about 1.5 billion miles away, between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus, and its diameter has been estimated at between 100 and 400 miles. Its orbit has not been determined yet, but if the orbit proves to be roughly circular, like that of the major planets, the new object world probably take 66 to 70 years to make a circuit of the sun.
Some astronomers have speculated that Mr Kowal's discovery may be the first indication of an asteroid belt beyond Saturn.
41. According to the first paragraph, in the solar system.
A. a large new planet may have been found B. a small new planet may have been found
C. a new planet has been found D. a large object may have been found
42. Paragraph 2 .
A. gives a different theory about the object B. states the main idea
C. reports the new object D. describes how the object was found
43. The object is located .
A. between Saturn an Uranus B. on Saturn
C. on Uranus D. on Venus
44. What field of study is this article reporting on?
A. Industry. B. Astronomy. C. Spaceflight. D. Agriculture.
B
Let's pretend we're sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat. The Rhine is one of the main waterways of Germany, and the river traffic is heavy. It's interesting to watch the many boats going up and down the river. But the river traffic is not nearly so interesting as the beautiful scenery along the banks and hillsides. The boat is passing many old castles. We can see people working in the vineyards (葡萄園) on the hillsides. There are vineyards as far as the eye can see. Wine from the Rhine Valley is famous all over the world.
Suddenly our boat slows down and begins to turn a little. We are coming to a sharp bend in the river. On our right we can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high. At first it looks quite ordinary, but there is nothing ordinary about it. There are many stories, poems, and songs about the cliff. We are looking at the Lorelei.
The someone on the boat begins to sing in German, the song of the Lorelei. It is a song about a beautiful siren (美女) who has lured many sailors to their deaths.
The siren is supposed to sit on the rock combing her long golden hair and singing. The sailors who hear her forget to steer, and the current of river hurls their boats on the rocks and dashes them to pieces.
Soon other people on the boat begin to sing. The beautiful song adds to special magic to the moment, and you begin to realize why so many people have made this trip down the Rhine to see the rock of the Lorelei.
45. The more interesting thing to those who are sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat is .
A. to watch many boats going up and down the river
B. to see the beautiful scene along the banks and hillsides
C. to hear a song about beautiful siren
D. to see a beautiful siren combing her golden hair
46. Which of the following is famous all over the world?
A. The Rhine River. B. The River Traffic.
C. Wine from the Rhine Valley. D. The Lorelei.
47. We can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high .
A. on our right when coming to a sharp bend B. on the Rhine hillsides
C. from the Rhine Valley D. on the boat
48. The song of the Lorelei is about .
A. The Rhine wine B. a rocky cliff
C. the beautiful scenery along the Rhine River D. a beautiful and dangerous woman genie
C
In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress - it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.
By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.
But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many - like the death of a loved one - are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (處方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.
The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.
49. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us __________.
A) the way you handle major events may cause stress
B) what should be done to avoid stress
C) what kind of event would cause stress
D) how to cope with sudden changes in life
50. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to _________.
A) widespread concern over its harmful effects
B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause
C) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses
D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs
51. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.
A) how much pressure you are under B) how positive events can change your life
C) how stressful a major event can be D) how you can deal with life-changing events
52. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?
A) No one can stay on the same job for long.
B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.
C) People have to get married someday.
D) You could be missing opportunities as well.
參考答案
單選
1-20 BABCB DBABB ABCAD DDBCB
完型
21-40ADBCA ADADC BCCDB CADBD
閱讀理解：
41-60 BDABB CADCA AD