Welcome to the unit ---- Reading
1. listen to a headmaster talking about school activities
listen to sb do / doing sth
現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行, 而不帶to的不定式則強(qiáng)調(diào)過程
小偷在超市偷東西時被抓住了.
The thief was caught ___________ in the supermarket.
我看見老人過了馬路.
I saw the old man _______________.
我們可以聽見森林里的鳥叫.
We can hear the birds _________________________.
你聽到她在花園里讀中文了嗎?
Did you hear her read Chinese in the garden?
[拓展] 這一類的詞: see / hear / watch / observe / notice / catch / find / listen to / look at 等
[練習(xí)] 1. --- Do you often hear her _____ the song?
--- Yes. When I was walking past her house, I heard her ____ it.
A. to sing, singing B. singing, singing C. sing, singing D. singing, to sing
2. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting
2. discuss the following questions with a partner
follow
v. 1. 跟隨
Follow me!
那男孩跟著爸爸出去了.
______________________________
2. 沿著, 遵循, 照…辦
這些命令必須立刻照辦.
These orders ______________________ at once.
你必須按照老師的建議辦事.
__________________________________________
3. 聽懂, 理解
Can you follow me?
[拓展]
1. following adj. 接著的, 下述的 與the 連用
次年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了.
The following / coming year the war came to an end.
= In the year that followed the war came to an end.
2. as follows 如下
The rule is as follows. 規(guī)則如下.
3. at ease with our teacher
ease 1) vt. 使輕松, 使安靜
我給他些藥使他減輕疼痛.
I gave him some medicine to ___________________.
2) n. 輕松,自在
at (one’s) ease 輕松,自在
他在這個陌生的房間里感到很緊張..
He didn’t feel ___________________ in the strange room.
with ease 容易地, 輕松地 = easily
他們有望在這次比賽中輕松獲勝.
________________________________________
take one’s ease 休息,輕松一下
4. do you know of any other differences between the lives of Chinese and British high school students?
辨析: know, know of, know about
know 表示直接地認(rèn)識,知道具體的人或事
know of 間接地了解, 聽說, 知道有關(guān)…的情況
know about 與know of 意義相同, 但含有更詳細(xì),具體的了解
I happen to________________ him, but I don’t _________________ him.
我碰巧聽說過他, 但我不認(rèn)識他.
了解一門語言并不意味著懂這門語言.
___________________________ doesn’t mean ______________ the language.
5. Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. (Page 2, line 1)
1) Going to a British school for one year 是動名詞短語作主語, 動名詞短語一般充當(dāng)主語, 賓語,表語等.
學(xué)英語會花你很多時間.
Learning English will take you a lot of time.
老師的工作是教學(xué).
Teachers’ job is teaching.
錯過頭班車意味著等一小時.
Missing the first bus means waiting for an hour.
2) experience
a. experience作不可數(shù)名詞。意為“體驗(yàn)”“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”“從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲得的知識和技能”。后接介詞in或of短語，表示在某方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。如：
Have you had any experience in work of this sort?
你對這工作有經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎？
Experience comes from practice.
經(jīng)驗(yàn)來源于實(shí)踐。
She is a teacher ________________________________________________ but not in driving at all.
她是一位具有20多年教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師，但在駕車方面卻毫無經(jīng)驗(yàn)可談。
b.作可數(shù)名詞意為“經(jīng)歷”。如：
The car accident was ____________________________ to him.
那次車禍對他來說是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。
Please tell us your experiences of living abroad for so many years.
請向我們介紹一下你在國外生活多年的經(jīng)歷。
Do you have such experiences as diving 100 metres in the sea?
_______________________________________________?
c.作及物動詞，意為“體驗(yàn) u有……經(jīng)驗(yàn)”．如：
________________________________________?
你體驗(yàn)過真正饑餓的滋味嗎？
He _________________________________________ for the first time in his life.
他首次體驗(yàn)有生以來最大的困難。
Experiencing pain is as valuable as experiencing pleasure.
__________________________________________.
d. experience的形容詞為experienced，意為“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”。如：
The job calls for ______________________.
這份工作需要有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。
_____________________________ is _________________________ the wounded soldier.
一位老練的醫(yī)生在給那位受傷的士兵做手術(shù)。
be experienced in (doing) sth
[練習(xí)]
I know from _______ that I can’t believe in a person like him.
A. experience B. an experience C. experiences D. the experience
6. I was happy with the school hours in Btitain. (Page 2, line 2)
be happy with sb / sth = be pleased / satisfied with 對…感到滿意
你對測試的結(jié)果滿意嗎?
___________________________________________?
我對他為我所作的感到滿意.
I’m happy with what he has done for me.
be happy to do sth 樂于做某事
The students are very happy to have a long holiday.
7. This means I could get up an hour later than usual. (Page 2, line 4)
1) mean (meant, meant, meaning) vt.
① 表示…意思 mean + n. / that
The red light means “stop”.
② 意欲,打算 mean to do sth 打算做某事
班主任意欲懲罰那些調(diào)皮的孩子.
__________________________________________________.
③ 意味著,意指 mean doing sth
獨(dú)立自主并不意味著閉關(guān)自守.
Independence doesn’t mean ____________________________________.
④ mean sb to do sth 打算讓某人做某事
I mean you to work as our spokesman.
⑤ means n. 方法,方式 單復(fù)數(shù)相同
by means of 以…, 借著…
Thought can be expressed by means of music.
思想可以通過音樂表達(dá).
by all means 無論如何, 務(wù)必
Finish it by all means.
by no means 一點(diǎn)也不
Most teachers are by no means happy with their income.
老師對自己的收入不滿意.
[練習(xí)]
---- You are so lucky.
---- What do you mean __ that?
A. for B. in C. of D. by
2) than usual比平常
as usual和往常一樣
than expected比預(yù)料……
as expected正像預(yù)料的那樣
than supposed比推測……
In the summer vacation, he is _______________________________.
在暑假里，他和往常一樣忙。
I got a higher mark ___________________________.
我得分比預(yù)料要高。
Our team won the game ____________________________.
正如預(yù)料的那樣，我們隊(duì)贏了這場比賽。
8. On the first day, all students went to attend the assembly. (Page 2, line 6)
1) attend
vt.出席，參加
我們希望出席的人越多越好。
We’d like as many people as possible to attend.
他們一定參加了瑪麗的婚禮。
They are sure to _____________________________________.
辨析
take part in, join, join in, attend
①Take part in 指參加會議或群眾性活動等, 著重說明句子主語參加該活動并在活動中發(fā)揮作用.
We will take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
② join 有兩種用法
Ⅰ. 指參加某個黨派,團(tuán)體組織等,成為其成員之一, 如參軍, 入團(tuán), 入黨等.
join the army / the Young Pioneers / the Party
Ⅱ. Join sb in (doing) sth 和某人一起做某事
Will you join us in the discussion?
He will join us singing the song.
③ join in 多指參加小規(guī)模的活動, 如球賽,游戲等
Come along and join in the ball game.
④ attend 是正式用語, 及物動詞, 指參加會議, 婚禮,葬禮, 典禮,去上學(xué),去上課,聽報告等
attend the meeting / lecture /
對應(yīng)練習(xí)
My brother ______ the army in 2002.
A. joined B. joined in C. attended D. joined with
---Would you like to _____ playing basketball?
---Certainly.
A. join us B. join us in C. join us with D. take a part in
Yesterday my parents went to _____ an evening party.
A. attend B. take part C. join D. join at
We should ______ the sports and games.
A. take a part in B. take active part in C. take an active part in D. attend
2) assembly
n.集會，會議
They were fighting for freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.
他們在為言論自由和集會自由而斗爭.
The headmaster will give a speech _______________________.
校長將在會議上講話.
拓展
assemble vt.聚集，集合，收集
All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall.
對應(yīng)練習(xí)
根據(jù)漢語完成句子
1） 在第一天所有學(xué)生都去參加集會。
On the first day, all the students went to _______________________________.
2） 所有學(xué)生都被要求在操場上集合。
All the students __________________________________ on the playground.
9. He also told us the best way to earn respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades. (Page 2, line 9)
1) earn
Vt.獲得，賺，掙得
He earns about ￡20,000 a year.
他一年掙大約2萬英鎊.
As a teacher, she had ________________________________________________.
作為一名老師, 她已獲得了她的學(xué)生們的尊敬和敬佩.
earn a (one’s) living earn one’s bread 謀生
2) respect
n. 尊敬，敬重
win / earn respect 贏得尊敬
have / show respect for sb 尊敬某人
lose the respect of sb 失去…的尊敬
The students ___________________________ their history teacher.
學(xué)生們非常尊敬他們的歷史老師.
Give my ____________________ to your wife.
請代我向你太太問好.
The teacher _________________________________.
這個老師失去了學(xué)生們的尊敬.
Vt. 尊敬
respect sb for sth 因…尊敬某人
respect oneself 自重,自尊
[拓展]
in all respects 無論從哪方面來看
in respect of 關(guān)于，就。。。來說
without respect to 不管，不考慮
with respect to 談到
It is good manners to __________ the elders.
A. show respect for B. show respect with C. have respect to D. have respect of
3) achieve
Vt. 贏得，取得，實(shí)現(xiàn)，成就
He finally ______________________________.
她終于取得了成功.
All you have achieved is to upset my parents.
你唯一做到的就是使你的父母難過.
拓展
achievement n.成就，成績，功績
It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.
如此年輕的選手有這樣的成就真是了不起.
對應(yīng)練習(xí)
① 我今天沒做成多少事。
__________________________________________.
② 他們對孩子們的成績感到自豪。
_____________________________________________.
③ Although medical science _______ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.
A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved
④ As long as you study hard, you are sure to _____ your goal.
A. arrive at B. get to C. reach D. achieve
4) way n. 方式, 辦法
(1) + to do / doing sth
They had no way to communicate with him.
I don’t like his way of talking.
(2) + clause
I admired him for the way ___________________________ he faces his difficulties.
我佩服他面對困難的方式.
10. So it was difficult to remember all the faces and names. (Page 2, line 18)
Sth be difficult to do = it is difficult to do sth
The question is difficult to answer.
= It is difficult to answer the question.
It is difficult for sb to do sth
have difficulty (in) doing sth
They had difficulty in finishing the work.
10. I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bit challenging for me at first because all the homework was in English. (Page 2, line 20)
1) what 在句中引導(dǎo)名詞性從句, 在句中作get的賓語. 名詞性從句包括: 賓語從句, 主語從句, 表語從句, 同位語從句; what 在句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分. That 也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句, 但在句中不充當(dāng)成分.
What he said is true. (主語從句)
I still remember what he told me. (__________________)
The fact is that no one likes him.
2) a bit / a little
① 都用于修飾形容詞, 副詞的原級或比較級
稍加努力, 你就可以得到更高的分?jǐn)?shù).
Work_____________________________ and you will earn higher grades.
② a little 可直接修飾名詞, a bit 需加of
a little / a bit of water
③ not a bit = not at all 一點(diǎn)也不
not a little = very 非常,很
The snake is ugly. So I don’t like it a bit.
The cat is lovely. So I don’t like it a little.
3) used to do sth 過去常常做…
be used to do sth 被用來做…
be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣做…
_________________________________________.
過去我們家院子前有一顆樹.
他過去總是起床很晚, 但是現(xiàn)在他習(xí)慣于早晨鍛煉.
_______________________________________________________________.
木頭被用來造紙.
___________________________________________.
11. cooking was really fun as I learned how to buy, prepare and cook food. (Page 3, line 30)
1) fun [U] n. 樂趣
for fun 為了樂趣
have fun 玩得愉快
make fun of 嘲笑,取笑…
funny adj. 滑稽的, 好笑的
2) learned how to buy … 為 “動詞+ 疑問詞 + 不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu). 有些動詞: learn , expect, decide, know, wonder, ask, tell, explain, show, find out, understand, consider, teach, promise 等后面可接 “疑問詞 + 不定式”. 這種結(jié)構(gòu)在語法上起名詞作用, 作賓語時可替換成賓語從句.
Can you tell us which answer to choose?
= Can you tell us which answer we should choose?
We must decide whether to go or stay.
= We must decide whether we shall go or stay.
[拓展] “疑問詞+不定式”還可以用作主語,表語.用作主語時謂語動詞根據(jù)不定式的數(shù)來決定.
When to camping depends on the weather.
What we are discussing is what to do next.
When and where to spend the holiday ______ (be ) still a problem.
When to spend the holiday and how to get to the seashore ________ ( be) our main problem.
3) prepare
prepare sth 準(zhǔn)備某物
The secretary worked into the night, preparing a long speech for the president.
prepare lessons 備課
prepare for ＝make preparations for 為……作準(zhǔn)備
prepare to do sth 準(zhǔn)備做…
prepare sb. for 使某人為……作準(zhǔn)備
be（well）prepared for sth.＝be ready for 為……作好（充分）準(zhǔn)備
be（well）prepared to do sth.＝be ready to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備（好）干某事
Mother is ______________________________ for us.
媽媽正忙著給我們做早飯。
He had a speech to prepare that evening.
這天晚上他得準(zhǔn)備一個報告。
The students __________________________ the coming sports meet.
學(xué)生們正在為即將到來的運(yùn)動會作準(zhǔn)備。
They were __________________________ the worst.
他們早已準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付最壞的情況。
_______________________________________________.
我不想聽你的借口。
12．My English improved a lot as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library.
as 作連詞的用法
用于原級比較，像。。。一樣
He speaks English as well as I.
照。。。方式；如同
Do as I say.
當(dāng)。。。時候；隨著
He saw her as he was getting off the bus.
He sang as he worked.
因?yàn)椋挥捎?/p>
As she has no car, she can’t get there easily.
盡管；雖然
Tired as he was, he went on with his work.
對應(yīng)練習(xí)
1) The roof fell ______ he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
A. after B. as C. before D. until
2) This year they have produced ______ grain _____ they did last year.
A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than
a lot 的用法
在句中做狀語
He travels a lot and knows every corner of the country.
The book is a lot more interesting than that one.
作名詞，做賓語
I have eaten a lot.
可用于禮貌用語 Thanks a lot.
后面加of，表示“許多” a lot of students, a lot of water
13. …, so I could e-mail my family and friends back home for free. (Page 3, line 29)
free 的用法
▲用作形容詞，“自由的；免費(fèi)的；空閑的；慷慨的”
We are free at last.
Are you free tomorrow?
All the soup here is free.
His wife is very free with her money.
他妻子花錢總是大手大腳的.
用作動詞，“使。。。自由；解放；免除；清除”
他們把鳥從籠子里放出來了。
They freed the birds from the cage.
拓展。深化
be free to do sth 隨意做某事
for free = free of charge 免費(fèi)的
free from 擺脫(不好的東西), 無…的
You are free to do as you wish.
你想怎么做都可以.
They let me have these books for free.
他們免費(fèi)讓我擁有那些書.
You may park here free of charge after 6 p.m.
下午六點(diǎn)以前你可以免費(fèi)在這兒停車.
My father is a man free from prejudice.
我父親是一個沒有偏見的人.
freedom n. 自由
freely adv. 率直地
對應(yīng)練習(xí)
1. They claim to ____ the country _____ its enormous debt.
A. free; from B. get; from C. rob; of D. take away; from
2. ----Does the ticket cost you a lot of money?
----No, it is ________ .
A. costly B. expensive C. high D. free
3. It will be repaired ______ if it goes wrong.
A. freely B. free of charge C. free from charge D. with freedom
14．a(chǎn)s well as 的用法
as well as 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是它之前的部分，它連接并列主語時，謂語動詞跟前面的名詞保持一致。 它還有“和。。。一樣好”之意。
這位老師和他的學(xué)生們一樣喜歡這本書。
________________________________________________
一些女孩和這個男孩一樣喜歡打籃球。
___________________________________________________
對應(yīng)練習(xí)
E-mail, as well as telephones, _______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
[短語歸納]
1. 高中是發(fā)現(xiàn),學(xué)習(xí)和勤奮工作的一段日子.
2. 看以下的圖畫
3. 與某人討論
4. 正在討論中
5. 低層樓房
6. 感到舒適
7. 使某人感到舒適
8. 放松一下
9. 輕而易舉的
10. 減輕疼痛
11. 一次非常愉悅和激動的經(jīng)歷
12. 對…感到滿意
13. 起床
14. 比平常
15. 參加集會
16. 學(xué)校規(guī)則
17. 贏得尊重的最好方式
18. 取得高分
19. 聽起來像
20. 班主任
21. 平均規(guī)模
22. 平均
23. 搬到不同的教室聽不同的課
24. 過去常常做某事
25. 有點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性
26. 有很大的提高
27. 在午餐時間
28. 免費(fèi)地
29. 額外的一節(jié)法語課
30. 在學(xué)期末
31. 放棄一些學(xué)科
32. 正餐
33. 體驗(yàn)不同的生活方式
34. 逐詞地
35. 網(wǎng)上沖浪
36. 有機(jī)會做某事
37. 向某人自我介紹
38. 準(zhǔn)備做某事