Module 10 Unit 4 詞匯教學(xué)案
I. Word Formation
1. theory(n.)→ (adj.) theoretical (adv.) theoretically
2. offence(n.)→ (v.) offend → (adj.) offensive (n.) offender
3. hate(v.) → (n.) hatred
4. identify(v.)→ (n.) identification →(n.)身份 identity
5. classify(v.)→ (n.) classification
6. accuracy(n.)→ (adj.) accurate (adv.) accurately
7. technology(n.)→ (adj.) technological
8. national(adj.)→ (adj.) 多國的 multinational
“multi-” 表“眾多的”“多倍的”“多樣的” 多媒體_multimedia_ 五彩繽紛的_multicolored_
9. apply(n.)→ (n.) application →(n.) 申請(qǐng)人 applicant
10. architecture(n.)→ (adj.) architectural
11. sign(v.)→ (n.)簽字 signature
12. apology(n)→ (v.) apologize
13. architectural( adj. ) →(n.) architecture (n.)建筑師_architect__
14. cybercrime(n.) →(adj.) cybercrimial
“cyber”表示“計(jì)算機(jī)和因特網(wǎng)的” cybercafé__網(wǎng)吧___cyberspace__網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛擬空間_____
15. similar(adj) →(adv.) similarly (n.) similarity
II. Key words：
1．offence = offense
1）[c] 違反，罪（against） → adj. 冒犯的，攻擊的，令人不快的
a first offence _____________
He committed an offence against our law. ____________________________。
2）[c] 不愉快的事物（[to+名] 對(duì)……的）
His sarcastic（諷刺的） voice was an offence to me. _________________________。
3) [u] 攻擊（→defense） Offense is the safest form of defense. ____________________ 。
4） → adj. offensive 冒犯的，攻擊的，令人不快的 （[to+名] 對(duì)…的）
Traffic sounds _____________ the ear. 交通的噪音很刺耳。
5） → v. offend a) vt. 使…發(fā)怒，傷害（別人）的感情：
eg: His misbehavior offended her. ________________________。
b) vi. 犯罪；違反（規(guī)則，禮貌等）；犯錯(cuò) offend+(against)
eg: He offended against good manners.________________________ 。
2. hatred [u] 憎恨; 仇恨; 憎惡; 惡意
He looked at me with hatred in his eyes. 他以憎恨的眼光望著我。
have a hatred for/of 憎惡……
She has a profound hatred of fascism. ______________________。
→ v. hate
1) vt 憎恨，討厭…. （不可用進(jìn)行式）
+ sth I hate violence. _______________
+doing sth I hate _____________ any favors of her 我很不喜歡求助于他。
+名+doing/ to do He hates women __________________. 他不喜歡女人吸煙。
2) vt 不愿意……，不想做……， 遺憾做……
+ doing/ to do I hate to say it, but you are mistaken. _______________________。
3. lastly adv.最后一點(diǎn); 最后
eg: Lastly, I must point out that…… 最后，我要指出的是…
cf：last也可以充當(dāng)副詞 意為： “上次, 最近”
I saw him last in New York. _____________________。
4. identify (identifies, identified, identifying) → n. identification/ identity
1）vt. 確認(rèn);識(shí)別;鑒定,驗(yàn)明[(+as)]
I cannot identify this signature. __________________________。
How did you identify the wallet as your own？你如何證明那錢包是你的？
2）vt. 視...(與...)為同一事物[(+with)]
Never identify wealth with happiness. 千萬不要把財(cái)富和幸福等同起來。
He identifies beauty with goodness. ________________________。
3)vi. (與...)認(rèn)同;一致;感同身受[(+with)]
~ + with I identified with the heroine of the novel. __________________________。
4)be identified with = identify oneself with 與……有聯(lián)系， 支持
Formerly he was identified with the party. ______________________。
5. annually adv.每年;每年一次
They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually. ______________________。
annual 既是形容詞又是名詞
adj. annual report 年度報(bào)告 annual ring 【植】年輪
n.：“年刊, 年報(bào), 年鑒, 年金, 年稅”
6. regarding 介詞 關(guān)于（某人/某事物）：
eg: I wrote a letter regarding/as regards my daughter's school examinations.
我寫了一封關(guān)于我女兒學(xué)�？荚嚨男拧�
其同義詞：as regards / concerning
7. similarly adv.
(1) The two boys dress similarly. 兩個(gè)小男孩穿得差不多一樣。
(2) She was late and I similarly was delayed. 她遲到了, 我也晚了。
similar 形容詞 “相像的,相仿的,類似的[(+to)]” 如：
His problem is similar to yours. 他的問題和你的相似。
similarity 名詞
（1）類似;相似[不可數(shù)]
The similarity between the two reports suggests that one person wrote both.
那兩個(gè)報(bào)告極其相似,這意味著它們出自一人的手筆。
（2）相似點(diǎn);類似點(diǎn)[可數(shù)]
Bees and wasps both sting, but they have other similarities too.
蜜蜂和黃蜂都刺人,但它們還有其他相似之處。
8. strait n. 常以復(fù)數(shù)表示單數(shù)意義, 尤其用于專有名稱
（1） the Straits of Gibraltar 直布羅陀海峽 the Magellan Straits 麥哲倫海峽.
（2） 困難； 陷于（惡劣的[極度的/嚴(yán)重的]）財(cái)務(wù)困境中（常用復(fù)數(shù)）
She has been in great straits (financially) since her husband died.
自從她丈夫去世, 她(在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面)一直處于困境。
9. aboard
aboard a=on 在…上+board 木板 有以下兩種詞性：
adv.： 在船(或飛機(jī),車)上;上船(或飛機(jī),車)
All passengers aboard fell into the river. 船上所有乘客皆落入河中。
prep：在(船,飛機(jī),車)上;進(jìn)入,上(船,飛機(jī),車)
They were the last two to go aboard the ship. 他們是最后兩位上船的。
介詞短語on board = aboard
We went on board the ship. 我們登上了輪船。(做狀語)
Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.
飛機(jī)上的人都很著急,而且我們急于想了解出了什么事。（做后置定語）
注意：aboard ≠ abroad (adv.往國外, 到處, 海外)
10. apology 可數(shù)名詞
（1） 道歉;賠罪[(+to/for)]
I make an apology to you for my rudeness last night. 昨天晚上我太粗暴,應(yīng)該向你道歉。
（2） 辯解,辯護(hù)
Her open letter was really an apology for her way of life.
她的公開信實(shí)際上是對(duì)她生活方式的辯護(hù)。
動(dòng)詞用法：
apologize to sb.for (doing)sth. (因……而向某人道歉)
他因沒有出席她舉行的宴會(huì)而向她表示歉意。He apologized to her for not going to her party.
II. Practice
Fill in each gap with a proper word.
1) I found Jane ‘s new book to be not only t____________but very practical, as it includes a lot of useful suggestions for improving study skills.
2) She is a c__________ lawyer, meaning that she represents people accused of committing various crimes.
3) There are many c______________ of crime, from less serious ones such as theft to more serious ones like murder.
4) Independence Day is the American national holiday, which is celebrated a__________ on the fourth of July.
5) Nobody can predict with any a__________ how much money the film will make.
6) Over the past few decades, there have been many ____________advances in computer software and the ways that we use it in our daily lives. (技術(shù))
7）Reading Jim’s letter, I could not help but notice how beautiful and clear his _______was.(簽名)
8）Despite many witnesses and much evidence, the police could not ________the criminal.(認(rèn)定)
9）Deng Xiaoping was the chief _________ of our country’s new economic policy. (建筑師)
10） The only solution to cybercrime is international _____________.(合作)
Keys：1.theoretical 2.criminal 3.classifications 4.annually 5.accuracy
6. technology 7.signature 8.identify 9. architect 10. cooperation