Period 1 Word study
Teaching aims and demands:
1. Let students read the new words correctly.
2. Get students master some important words.
Teaching difficult points:
How to get students master the important words and phrases.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Lead-in
Teach the Ss to read the new words and expressions , make sure that they can pronounce each words correctly.
Step 2 New words and expressions
I. Word formation:
1. politics (n.)→ (adj.) political ________ 2. explosion (n.)→ (v.) explode_______
3. construction(n.) → (v.) construct 4. prevention (n.)→ (v.) prevention _
5. symbolize(v.)→ (n.) symbol 6. furnish（v.）→ (n.) furnishment___
7. unintentionally (adv.)→ (adj.) unintentional_____→ (opposite.)→ (n.) opposition
8. permission (n.)→ (v.) permit _________ 9. recognition(n.)→ (v.) recognize______
10. explosion(n.)→ (adj.) explosive _____ 11. restore(v.)→ (n.) restoration_____
12. professional(adj.)→ (n.) profession 13. ignorance(n.)→ (v.) ignore __
14. insurance(n.)→ (v.) insure _15. impressiveness(n.)→(adj.) impressive_ →（n.） impression
16.decoration (n.) →(v.) decorate ____ 17.exposure (n.) →(v.)____expose_______________
II． Explanation and practice
● in particular = parcularly 特別地;尤其
He stressed that poit in particular. 他特別強調(diào)了這一點 （譯）
particular: adj. 1. 特殊的;特定的;特別的
The teacher showed particular concern for the disabled child.老師特別關(guān)心那個殘疾兒童（譯）
2. 特有的,獨特的;異常的[Z][B]
她特有的微笑給我留下了美好的印象。Her particular way of smiling left a good impression on me
3. (過于)講究的;苛求的,挑剔的[(+about/over)][(+wh-)]
She is particular about what she eats. 她過分講究吃。（譯）
n. 1. 個別的項目,細(xì)目[C]
The particular may have to be satisfied to the general.為顧全總體個別的項目也許不得不放棄
2. 詳細(xì)情況[P]
I suppose the secretary knows the particulars of the plan.我想那位秘書知道這一計劃的詳細(xì)情況。（譯）
★particular special especial
●defeat: vt. 1. 戰(zhàn)勝,擊敗 The French defeated the English troops. 法國人打敗了英國軍隊（譯）
2. 使失敗,挫敗 Our hopes were defeated.我們的希望落空了。（譯）
3. 【律】使無效,廢除
n.[C][U] 1. 失敗,戰(zhàn)敗,挫折2. 戰(zhàn)勝,擊敗
The aggressors were doomed to defeat. 侵略者注定要失敗。
●seize: vt. 1. 抓住;捉住
The police seized an escaping convict. 警察抓住了一個在逃犯。
2. 奪取;攻占
The enemy seized the town after a violent attack. 敵人猛攻后占領(lǐng)了這個城鎮(zhèn)。
3. 逮捕;擄獲 4. 沒收;扣押;查封
The customs officers seized the smuggled heroin. 海關(guān)官員沒收了走私的海洛因（譯）
5. 抓住(時機等),利用 6. 掌握,理解
7. (疾病)侵襲;(情緒)支配,控制[H][(+by/with)] 8. 【律】依法占有
vi. 1. 抓住,捉住;奪取[(+on/upon)] 2. 利用[(+on/upon)] 3. (機器等因受壓等)卡住,咬住
We seized on his remark and regarded it as a promise. 我們抓住他的話把它當(dāng)作是一種承諾（譯）
●restore(1)恢復(fù)；修建
He is restored to health. 他恢復(fù)了健康。
The bridge has been restored since the end of war. 戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，橋已修復(fù)。
(2)歸還；交還 The stolen watch has been restored to its owner. 丟失的表已歸還原主。
●appoint vt
(1) 挑……做某工作或任某職位，任命，委派
～ sb (to sth)/ (as) sth/ to do sth
委派湯姆做主席 to appoint Tom to (as) Chairman（譯）
(2) ～ sth (for sth) 確定…… ～ a date for a meeting
appointment 約會，約定
keep [break] one's appointment (with...) 守 [破壞] (與某人之) 約
make an appointment (with...) (與某人) 約定 [商定] 聚會之日期、時間 [地點]
take up an appointment 就職
●bother (1) vt ① ～sb about/ with sth 打擾、煩擾；給……添麻煩
I’m sorry to ～ you, but could you tell me the way to the station?
Does the smoking ～ you? 我抽煙影響你嗎？（譯）
Don’t ～ your father (about it) now; he’s very tired now.
② 使……不安 the problem has been ～ing me for weeks.幾周以來，這個問題一直不安
(2) vi.① (為做某事) 費功夫,添麻煩
He didn’t even ～ to say thank you. 他甚至連說聲謝謝都不肯。
② 關(guān)心 ～ about sth/ sb
(3) n ① [U] 麻煩，不便 ②[C] a ～ 惱人的事物
●divorce n (1)離婚，離異
申請離婚ask for a divorce 獲準(zhǔn)離婚get/ obtain a divorce
(2)[C] 分離，斷絕關(guān)系
vt (1)與……離婚 (2) (尤用被動) 使……與……分開 divorce sb/sth from sth
●mercy n. 1. 慈悲,憐憫;仁慈,寬容[U][(+on)]
The commander showed mercy to the prisoners of war. 司令官對戰(zhàn)俘十分憐憫。
2. 【口】幸運,僥幸[S]
這次地震中一家人都幸免于難,真是不幸中之大幸。It was a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake（譯）
3.救濟,救難
Distributing food among the homeless was an act of mercy. 發(fā)配食物給無家可歸的人是救苦救難的行為
at the mercy of受...所支配;任..處置;在..掌握中have mercy on對...發(fā)慈悲without mercy毫不留情地;殘忍地
●court (1) [C,U] 法庭，法院 take sb to court 起訴，控告某人 go to court（over sth）起訴，打官司
(2) 宮廷，朝廷（常用Court） the court宮廷上下
The court moves to the country in the summer. 夏天王室上下都移居到鄉(xiāng)下去。
●charge vt (1) charge sb with sth 以……控告某人 He was charged with murder.
(2) charge (sb/sth ) for sth ; charge (sb) sth (for sth) 要價
How much do you charge (me) for mending shoes?修鞋要多少錢
(3) 給……充電 charge a battery 給蓄電池充電
n. in charge of sth 控制，支配…… take charge (of sth) 控制……，承擔(dān)…責(zé)任
●withdraw: vt. 1.回;拉開;移開 2. 收回;取回;提取[(+from/out of)] 3.取消;撤回;撤銷 4. 撤退,;使退出[(+from)]
vi. 撤退;離開;退出[(+from)]
互譯withdrew her application; withdrew his son from the race. 收回她的申請；不讓他兒子參加賽跑
withdrew the accusation. 撤回控訴
把孩子從學(xué)校領(lǐng)回 withdraw a boy from school
withdraw one's eyes from把視線從...移開(不再看...)
withdraw a bill [demand, offer] 撤消議案[要求、建議]
withdraw a remark 收回發(fā)言
從競爭中退出withdrew from the competition.
軍隊撤退了The army withdrew.
● furnish: vt. 1. 給(房間)配置(家具等);裝備[(+with)]
How are you going to furnish the house? 你將如何布置房子? （譯）
2. 供應(yīng);提供[(+with/to)]
I'll furnish you with all you need. 我將提供你所需要的一切（譯）
●Cancel v. 取消；作廢
We cancelled the party because I was ill. 我們?nèi)∠四谴尉蹠驗槲也×恕?/p>
The teacher cancelled many unnecessary words in his composition.老師在他的作文中刪掉許多不必要的字（譯）
The 4:26 train has been cancelled because of an accident. 四點二十六分的火車因為發(fā)生了事故而取消了
●insurance: n. 1. 保險;保險契約[U][(+against)] I found a job selling insurance. 我找到一份推銷保險的工作。
2. 保險業(yè)[U] She works in insurance. 她從事保險業(yè)。
3. 保險金額;賠償金[U][(+on)] He has $100,000 life insurance, which his wife will receive if he dies first.
他有10萬美元的人壽保險,如果他先去世,他的妻子將得到這筆錢。
4. 預(yù)防措施;安全保證[U][S1][(+against)] 5. 保險費[U]
insure: vt. 1. 為...投保;接受保險[H][(+against)]
Insure your baggage before you leave home. 離家前先給行李保險。
2. 【美】保證,確保[+(that)]
More care would insure you against making so many mistakes. 多加注意就能保證你不犯這么多的錯誤了（譯）
● in terms of在。。。方面 從。。。方面來說
come into terms with 向。。。妥協(xié)
in the long \ short terms長期/短期而言
●Inspect
vt. 1. 檢查;審查 2. 檢閱;視察
Ted inspected the car before he bought it. 特德仔細(xì)看了那輛車之后才買。（譯）
Several years later,they heard that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. 幾年后聽說拿破侖本人要來視察他們
●mark: n. 1. 痕跡;污點;瘢疤[C] The scandal left a mark on his reputation. 那件丑事玷污了他的名聲。
2. 記號;符號;標(biāo)記[C] You can see in him the marks of an educated man. 從他身上你可以看到受過教育的人的特點。
3. 【英】分?jǐn)?shù);成績[C] 4. 靶子;目標(biāo)[C] 5. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn),常態(tài)[the S]
6. (常大寫)(與數(shù)字連用表示武器等的)...型,...式[C] a Mark 4 gun 四式槍
7. (代替簽名的)十字押[C] 8. 著名,卓越[U] 9. 影響[C] 10. (田徑賽)起跑線[C]
vt. 1. 做記號于;留痕跡于;標(biāo)明 The box of eggs was marked "With Care". 這個雞蛋盒標(biāo)上了"小心"字樣。
2. 標(biāo)志;表示...的特征 3. 記下,錄下
4. 給(試卷等)打分?jǐn)?shù) The teacher marked the examination papers. 教師給試卷打了分?jǐn)?shù)。
5. 注意,留心[+wh-] Mark carefully how the job is done. 好好注意這活兒是怎樣做的。
6. 明顯表示,表明
vi. 1. 留下痕跡(或傷痕),弄污 2. 作記號(或符號) 3. 注意
● Deliberate adj. 故意的；蓄意的 深思熟慮的 不慌不忙的；從容不迫的
這是蓄意說謊。It is a deliberate lie（譯）
政府正采取深思熟慮的行動來降低價格The government is taking deliberate measures to bring down the price
He walked with a deliberate step. 他邁著不慌不忙的步伐
vt. 考慮，商討 He deliberated his decision for several days. 他考慮了幾天他的決定。
We deliberated what to do. 我們考慮該做什么。
我們商議是否取消訂貨。We deliberated whether we should cancel the order
vi. 仔細(xì)考慮；深思熟慮
The government is deliberating about what should be done to solve the problem政府正在考慮解決這個問題
●raise: vt. 1. 舉起,抬起
He raised his glass and said: "Your health, Carl." 他舉起了杯子說道:"祝你健康,卡爾。"
2. 增加;提高;提升[(+to)]
The landlord raised my rent. 房東提高了我的租金。
3. 籌(款);招(兵);集結(jié)
他們將為蓋校舍籌集資金。They are going to raise funds for the school buildings（譯）
4. 養(yǎng)育;種植;飼養(yǎng) 5. 提出;發(fā)出 6. 引起;喚起;揚起 7. 豎起;建起
8. 撤除(包圍,封鎖等),解(禁) 9. 使復(fù)活;使(鬼魂)出現(xiàn)
10. 給(賭注)加碼,提高(賭注) 11. (用無線電)和...取得聯(lián)系
n. 1. 【美】加薪;加薪額[C] 2. 提高,舉,升 3. 高處;拱高路段 4. 【牌】賭注加碼,加叫
I am going to ask the boss for a raise. 我要找老板要求加薪。
●treasure：n. 1. 金銀財寶,財富[U]
It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island.據(jù)說海盜把他們的金銀財寶埋藏在這個島上。
2. 貴重物品[C]
3. 【口】不可多得的人才[C]
我的秘書是個難得的人才。My secretary's a real treasure（譯）
vt. 1. 珍愛,珍視 We treasure our friendship. 我們珍惜我們之間的友誼。（譯）
2. 儲存;珍藏
3. 銘記[(+up)] I treasure up my father's dying words. . 我銘記父親的遺言。（譯）
Exercise:
I.Word spelling
1.He made a rude gesture（手勢）at the driver of the other car.
2.The teacher walked around the classroom inspecting/checking（檢查）our work.
3. People say that nothing symbolizes (象征)like the Acropolis.
4. An ounce of prevention（預(yù)防）is better than a pound of cure .
5.Students should keep all the school rules and regulations
6.What’s your assessment of the situation in America .
7.A petrochemical complex is to be built here.
8.It's a process of gradual development.
9. We are raising money for the construction of a new school.
10.The captain of the winning team got all the glory for the victory.
11.The patient has been transferred to another hospital.
12. The man was fired by the boss because he was charged with stealing.
13.After he won the amateur championship, he turned professional.
14.We should care more about the children with special educational need.
15. The price of fruits remains steady.
16.In terms of customer satisfaction, the policy cannot be criticized .
17.When we got to the hotel , it was still under construction.
18.We’re going to complete the project in fortnight . that is ,we will give it to you in two weeks.
19.They think the garden is smaller ,so they’re planning to enlarge it.
20.I know she upset you , but I’m sure it was unintentionally.
II.Multiple choice
1. My brother likes eating very much and he is not very about the food he eats .
A.special B.peculiar C. particular D. unusual
2. The drug is reported to have serious side effects and has been ____ from the market for further tests.
A. withdrawn B. cancelled C. renewed D. appointed
3. I tried all I could do _____ the topic at the meeting, but Wendy brought it up.
A. avoided B. to avoid mentioning C. avoiding to mention D. avoiding mentioning
4. Sometimes the police are not absolutely sure that someone has committed a crime, but ____him of having done it.
A. doubt B. inspect C. suspect D. charge
5. Ancient Greek civilization is always _____ the capital city of Athens.
A. recognized as B. symbolized as C. associated with D. concerned about
6. Whoever betrays his country is bound to _____ and _____.
A. be charged with; sentenced to death B. be accused of; to be sentenced to death
C. charge with; sentence to death D. accuse of; to sentence to death
7. _____ marble, a very smooth, strong stone, the monument has lasted hundreds of years.
A. Made of B. constructed with C. Restored with D. Built of
8. Not surprisingly, international _____ is part and parcel of preserving and restoring such historic sited
as it sends ____ to everyone that these sites are extremely important and precious.
A. recognition; message B. recognition; massenge C. recognizing; massenge D. recognizing; message
9. Such a lesson should be ____ in our memories.
A. taught B. treasured C. conserved D. preserved
10. When Raleigh failed to find gold in South America, his ____ death sentence was renewed.
A. originally withdrwed B. original withdrawn C. previously concelled D. previous conceled
11. The Greek government appointed a special committee to _____ the restoration of the Acropolis.
A. seize control of B. taking charge of C. overtake D. undertake
12. These sculptures were _____ to the British Museum, which are still ____ there under the title of ‘Elgin Marbles’.
A. transferred; on display B. carried; on show C. brought; on exhibition D. sent; displayed
13. Montreal, _____ port in the Province of Quebec, is _____second largest city in Canada.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
14. Suddenly, a man driving a motor car _____the girl’s bag and took it away, _____ into the darkness.
A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing
15. Our school ______ that school at _____ football.
A. defeated; the B. won; the C. defeated; / D. won; /
Period 2 Reading The Acropolis now
Teaching aims and demands:
1.Encourage the Ss to grasp the reading strategy to improve their reading abilities.
2. Gain some knowledge about the Acropolis and understand the article.
Teaching stress and difficult points:
1.Develop the students’ reading ability
2. Show opinions on the necessary and importance of preserving World heritage sites
Teaching steps:
Step 1 lead-in
Appreciate pictures about the Olympic flag , Marathon and Athena , then ask students:
1. Which country or city can you think of when seeing the pictures?
(Athens, the capital city of Greece)
2. When we talk about Greece, what do you think of ?
(Its long history, brilliant achievements in art and architecture, the lost civilizations found on Greek islands, fantastic Greek mythology and the ancient Olympic Games.)
3. Do you know what the greatest symbol of Athens is? (the Acropolis)
Step 2 Fast reading:
Go through the passage as quickly as possible and finish part A.
1. When was the Acropolis built? (In the 5th century BC )
2. What was the Acropolis made of ? (It was made of marble.)
3.Who gave the Acropolis its World Heritage listing? (UNESCO )
Step 3 Detailed reading:
Read para1 and answer the following questions
1.In which fields did the ancient Greeks make contributions to western civilization?
(In philosophy, science, mathematics, art, architecture, theatre, politics and sport.)
2. Which sport is mentioned in the text?(Marathon)
3. What is marathon? Do you know the origin of marathon?(A long distance race named for a Greek messenger who ran from marathon to Athens to report a victory at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC.)
Read para 2 and answer the following questions:
1.What does the Acropolis consist of ?
(Three main temples: the Parthenon the Erechtheum the Temple of Nike)
2. Say sth. about the three temples:
(The Temple of Nike: the smallest among the three used to house a 13-metre-high gold-covered statue of the goddess of victory.
The Parthenon: the largest of all three built between 447 and 432BC contained a gold and ivory statue of Athena
The Erechtheum : Six females statues used as columns at its entrance)
Read para 3 and answer the following questions:
1.What is the greatest destruction of the Acropolis?(Man)
2.How did man destroy the Acropolis?
(①Turks used the Parthenon as a warehouse.②Italians exploded a large part of the buildings.③People stole from the ruins and used the stones for other buildings.④Lord Elgin stole the best sculptures and sold them to the British Museum.)
3.What caused the friction between Greece and Britain?
(That the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble statues.)
Read para 4 and answer the following questions:
What are further causes of the destructions of the Acropolis?
( ①bad restoration;② unintentional or deliberate damage (walking around the Acropolis)
③acid rain from air pollution)
Read paras 5-7 and answer the following questions:
1. What is the aim of the committee set up in 1975?
(To undertake the complete, professional restoration of the Acropolis. )
2. What has the committee done with the Acropolis?
(Poor restoration work has to be fixed.A steady cleaning programme must follow to protect the marble from pollution. Statues have been removed in a protected museum.)
3. Why is the committee undertaking educational work?
(Because they think that the prevention of damage from ignorance and from people not caring about protecting the monument is very important.)
4. What would happen if people did not learn about damage prevention?
(The historic buildings will be damaged unintentionally and deliberately while walking around, so people will not be able to enjoy them for generations to come.)
Let’s read the passage a second time and complete Parts C2 on page 20.
Causes Details Actions
Chemical acid rain from air pollution a steady cleaning programme
Biological plant roots and bird droppings a steady cleaning programme
Natural earthquakes to be fixed
Mechanical bad reconstruction to be fixed
Human agency deliberate damage
walking around the Acropolis stealing
stones educational work
educational work
ask for return
Step 3 Further reading
Listen to the tape and try to complete Part D and Part E:
D : d a j c b f e i h g
E : (1) Athens (2) Athena (3) people (4) plant
(5) government (6) undertake (7) ignorance
(8)conservation (9) monument (10) sculptures
Read the text again and choose the best answers:
1.Which of the followings was not a Greek invention?
A. The Western alphabet. B. Roman alphabet.
C. Architecture. D. Marathon
2. Why was the Acropolis built on the hill called the Sacred Rock in the centre of the city?
A. To associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens.
B. It was constructed at a high altitude above the city in honour of Athens.
C. Because there are three main temples to Athens.
D. Because it was convenient to get to and could be seen from every past of the city.
3. In which year did the Acropolis receive a World Heritage listing from UNESO?
A. 1835 B. 1975 C. 1987 D. 2004
Step 4 Group work:
Please introduce the causes of the damage done to the Acropolis and the ways to protect it to other group members, with the help of the chart in Part C2
Step 5 Discussion:
Why do you think it is necessary and important to preserve World Heritage sites ?…
Step6 Homework
Read the short passages on P114&115 .
Period 3 Language points in reading
Teaching aims:
1.Encourage the Ss to raise reading ability by focusing on language points.
2.Get the Ss to grasp the new language usage in the text by learning them..
Teaching difficult points: Grasp the new language points
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Check the Ss’ understanding about the short passages on page114&115 in work book..
Step 2 Language points
1.No one has had a greater impact on Western civilization than the ancient Greeks. (page 18, lines 1-3) 古希臘人對西方文明的影響無人可及。
impact noun [C usually singular; U] 影響，沖擊 have an impact on /upon sth.
e.g: Higher wages have already had a major impact on spending.
The anti-smoking campaign had had/made quite an impact on young people.
impact verb 對...發(fā)生影響 impact on /upon sth.
e.g:Falling export rates have impacted (on) the country's economy quite considerably.
2. They were responsible for many advances in philosophy, science, mathematics, art, architecture, theatre, politics and sport. 古希臘人在哲學(xué)、科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、藝術(shù)、建筑、戲劇、政治學(xué)和體育方面取得了很多進展。(page 18, lines 3-6)
responsibility noun [U]
responsible (DUTY) adj.
be responsible for sb/sth/doing sth be responsible to sb/sth ___________
e;g: The careless driver was responsible for the accident.
Last month's bad weather was responsible for the crop failure.
In Australia, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers are responsible to the House of Representatives.
3.The Western or Roman alphabet is a Greek invention, as is the marathon, which is a long distance race named for a Greek messenger who ran from Marathon to Athens to report a victory at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC. (page18,lines6-11).….馬拉松比賽也是，
as (通常后接be或do +主語) …也一樣=so+be/do+主語
The film is so boring，as is its music．這部電影很乏味，其音樂也是如此。
She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents.
He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.
他是醫(yī)生，他妻子生兒育女之前也當(dāng)過醫(yī)生。I voted Labour, as did my wife.
The situation is completely different here, as are the problems.
Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.
Practise:1. (06天津)The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
A. what B. that C. how D. as
2.（06江蘇）The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
3.（06陜西）His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.
A. as B. that C. so D. after which
4.In particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens, the greatest symbol of which is the Acropolis. 我們尤其將古希臘文明與其首都雅典城相聯(lián)系，而雅典最偉大的標(biāo)志就是雅典衛(wèi)城。（page 18, lines 18-20）
in particular尤其
particular (SPECIAL) adj [before noun] 特定的, 特別的,特殊的
She wanted a particular type of cactus.
particular (NOT EASILY SATISFIED) (喜好)很講究的, 很挑剔的, 難以取悅的 be particular about挑剔
e.g: He's very particular about the kitchen - everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
associate …with… 把(某事物與他事物)聯(lián)想在一起
e.g: We always associate computers with Bill Gates.
Many road accidents are associated with driving too fast.
The cancer risks associated with smoking have been well documented.
5.The Acropolis was constructed in the 5th century BC at a high altitude above the city in honour of Athena, the goddess of Athens. 雅典衛(wèi)城海拔高于雅典城，是為了紀(jì)念雅典女神雅典娜于公元前五世紀(jì)興建的。(page 18, lines 20-24)
in honour of為向…表示敬意,為紀(jì)念…, 為祝賀…
（06陜西）My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ____it.
A.in honor of B.in memory of C.in favor of D.in search of
6. In 1458, the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of Athens.(lines 51-53)
seize control of ____________________ take/gain control of ____________________
have/hold control of ________________ lose control of_________________________
in control of _______________________ out of control________________ under control___________
7.The last major destruction of this kind occurred with the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801, when an…
最近一次人為的重大破壞發(fā)生于1801年，許多最精美的雕像遭竊(page 18, lines 60-62)
occur (HAPPEN) v. (意想不到的事情)發(fā)生
e.g:An accident involving over ten vehicles has occurred in the east-bound lane.
occur (EXIST) v. 存在，出現(xiàn)
e.g: Violence of some sort seems to occur in every society.
Sth occur to sb /It occurs to sb that (想法、念頭等)想起，浮現(xiàn)
e.g: It never even occurred to us that he hadn't been invited.
8. undertake (line 95)
Eg: To undertake the task, we need good preparation. 承擔(dān)
The police will undertake a thorough investigation into this case. 從事、進行
He undertook to finish the work by Friday. 保證、擔(dān)保
9. They believe that the prevention of damage from ignorance and from people not caring about protecting the monument is very important.(lines119-122)
care about: care for:
The only thing he seems to care about is money.
Would you care for a cup of tea?
Mother cared for the sick child day and night.
I don’t care about your opinion.
10. translate these phrases:
對...有很大的影響
have a great impact on / upon ...
對... 負(fù)責(zé)
be responsible for ...
在各種領(lǐng)域取得進展
make advances / progress in ...
馬拉松也是如此
..., as is the marathon.
以一個希臘信使命名的長跑比賽
a long distance race named for a Greek messenger
將古希臘文明與其首都聯(lián)系起來
associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city
尤其，特別 in particular
在...海拔處
at an altitude of ...
方便每個人到達(dá)那里
It was convenient for everyone to get to.
從城市每個角落都可以看見
be seen from every part of the city
收藏著一尊13米高鍍金的雕像
house a 13-metre-high gold-covered statue
貫穿歷史
throughout history
完全避免破壞
completely avoid damage/being damaged
部分被自然威力破壞
be damaged partly by natural forces
奪取對...的控制權(quán)
seize control of ...
從廢墟中偷竊
steal from the ruins
被轉(zhuǎn)移到...
be transferred / removed to ...
在展覽
On display / exhibition / show
冠名為...，以...的標(biāo)題
under the title of ...
導(dǎo)致...和...之間的摩擦
cause some friction between ... and ...
進行建設(shè)
carry out the construction
成立委員會來承擔(dān)修復(fù)
establish a committee to undertake the restoration
以一種非常有序的方式
in a very organized way
使城市重現(xiàn)昔日的輝煌
bring the city back to its former glory
保護大理石不受空氣污染
protect the marble from air pollution
基于這一共識
be based on the consensus
后輩子孫
generations to come
任命某人做...
appoint sb. (to be / as) ...
提到議事日程上
place(put) sth /be high on the agenda
Step3 Homework
Remember the language points learnt today.
Period 4 Grammar and Usage
Teaching aims:
1.Learn the usages of the present and past participles
2. Do some exercises about this usage
Teaching stress and difficult points:
1.grasp the usages of the present and past participles
2. How to do some exercises about this usage
Teaching steps:
Step1: Lead-in
Compare and identify their functions of these participles
(1).The boy sitting under that tree is my brother.(as an adjective)
(2).The boy followed by a dog is my brother. (as an adjective)
(3).Hearing the news, they got excited. (as an adverb)
Step 2: Analysis
Read the guidelines and Part 1 on page 24 and encourage the Ss to tell the functions of participle clauses in the following sentences.
(1).The building completed last month is a bank (an attributive)
(2).The bird flu sweeping through Asia has jumped from birds to humans recently. (an attributive)
(3)Thecup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces .(an adverbial)
(4).I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. (a complement)
(5)The peasants had the tractor working day and night at harvest time. (a complement)
Step3 Practise
Do the exercise on page 25, using a participle clause to rewrite the sentences.Then finish Parts C1 and C2 on P 112 in workbook.
For reference:現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法
現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞主要差別在于：現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動和進行”，過去分詞表示“被動和完成”(不及物動詞的過去分詞不表示被動，只表示完成)。分詞可以有自己的狀語、賓語或邏輯主語等。
1) 分詞作狀語分詞在句子中作狀語，可以表示時間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞做狀語時，它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。
e.g:Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
分詞在句子中作狀語，使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動賓或被動關(guān)系用過去分詞。.
No matter how frequently __, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A.performing B.performed C.to be performed D.being performed
注意：當(dāng)分詞作狀語時，如果其邏輯主語與主句主語不一致，分詞又有其自己的邏輯主語，分詞連同其主語一起構(gòu)成分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
Eg: Supper finished, we started to discuss the picnic.
= After supper was finished, we started to discuss the picnic.
All the tickets having been sold out, we had to wait for the next week’s show.
表伴隨方式的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有時可用 “with+n/pron.+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)來替換。
The child looked at us , with his eyes opening wide.
有些慣用的分詞短語在句中可以沒有邏輯上的主語而獨立存在，往往作為句子的獨立成分來修飾句子，如：generally speaking / judging from/by / considering / talking of / regarding etc.
Judging from his accent, he must come from.
2)“while ( when, once, until, if , though等連詞)＋分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時，有時可以在分詞前加while，when, once, although, until, if等連詞。
e.g:When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us.
3)分詞作定語時，單個的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面。現(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系),過去分詞修飾承受該動作的名詞(即與名詞是動賓關(guān)系)。
e.g:.As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town ___50 households or more.
A) having B) to have C) to have had D) having had
4)分詞作賓語補足語現(xiàn)在分詞在see, watch, hear, observe, notice,feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官動詞和look at, listen to等短語動詞以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役動詞后與名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，作賓語補語的成分。
e.g:On the top of the hill, we could see smoke rising from the chimneys in the village.
過去分詞可以在allow, ask, consider, desire, expect, feel, find, get,have, hear, imagine, keep, like, make, observe, order, permit, prefer,, remember, request, require, see, urge動詞等后面作賓語補足語。
e.g:After my encounter with her, I found myself greatly shaken.
在動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice，perceive，observe, listen to, look at后既可用現(xiàn)在分詞做補語,也可用不定式做補語。用現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進行,用不定式表示的動作的全過程已經(jīng)完成.
e.g:I saw Mr. White looking into a shop window.
5)分詞作表語 分詞作表語通常看作形容詞來用。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)，而且主語多為物；過去分詞表示主語的感受或狀態(tài)，主語多為人。e.g:The film “Pearl Harbor” is really exciting.
Step 4 Consolidation: 09全國各地高考試卷中對非謂語動詞的考查
1.（江西卷22）_________ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
2.（江西卷34）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
3.（遼寧卷22）When we visited my old family home, memory came ______ back
A. flooding B. to flood C. flood D. flooded
4.（遼寧卷27） , you need to give all you have and try your best.
A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner
5.（湖南卷21）Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired
6.（湖南卷25）At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered
7.（湖南卷29）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .
A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused
8.（山東卷22）We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.
A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding
9.（重慶卷29）With the world changing fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day.
A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing
10.（北京卷27）The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated
11.（北京卷28）All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way.
A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present
12.（北京卷34）____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
13.（天津卷4）______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.
A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete
14.（天津卷9）_____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged
15.（浙江卷3）______ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
16.（浙江卷7）There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating
17.（全國卷II 6）It is often _____ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said
重慶卷D 25. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.
A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared
18.（四川卷2）A . He told us whether _________ a picnic was still under discussion
A. to have B. having C. have D. had
19.（四川卷4）Ladies and gentlemen, please remain __________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat
20．（四川卷10）________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
21.（江蘇卷26）Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures.
A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped
22.（江蘇卷32）Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.
A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended
23. （全國卷I 30）The children all turned the famous actress as the entered the classroom
A. looked at B. to look at
C. to looking at D. look at
24.（全國卷I 35）Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions
A. taking B. take C. taken D .to take
25.（福建卷32） not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. Ks5u
A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded
26.（福建卷34）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. Ks5u
A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked Ks5u
27.（全國卷II 16）They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.
A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
28.（陜西卷12）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there .
A to take B to be taken C taking D being taken
答案：1-5 DBABC 6-10 ADACB 11-15 DBDCB 16-20 BAAAD 21-25 CCBCB 26-28ADD
Period 5 Project
Teaching aims:
1.Learn about the imperial tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China
2 .By reading, let Ss. Know the importance of protecting the cultural remains
Teaching stress and difficult points:
How to complete a project and write a proposal for saving cultural remains
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Lead-in
The teacher asks the Ss some questions about China’s historic sites to arouse the Ss’ interests.
T:China is home to many famous historic sites. Can you name some of them?
Ss: The Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming and Qing Imperial Tombs,
the Summer Palace, “Peking Man” Ruins at Zhoukoudian…….
T: They’re all listed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Now we’re going to read a travel guide to the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Step 2 Reading
I)Read the text fast and then answer the following questions.
1.Why are the Ming Tombs called Shisanling? (It’s home to 13 Ming emperors)
2.Apart from shisanling, which is the most famous Ming Tomb? (Xiaoling)
3.How many Qing emperors were buried in Hebei Province? (Nine)
II)Read the passage again and take notes of the historic sites.
The Ming Imperial Tombs:
1. Most of the Ming Tombs are located in
2.The Sacred Way, which is called leads to the thirteen tombs.
3. is the largest and best preserved.
4.The Ling’en Palace is known for its and .
5.Xiaoling is located in the suburbs of and contains the tomb of the Ming emperor.
The Qing Imperial Tombs:
1.The Qing Tombs are similar to the Ming Tombs in terms of and the in choice of site.
2.Dongling ,located in Province, contains the first imperial tombs of the Manchu rulers.
3.Xiling, located in Hebei Province is than Dongling.
4.Xiling contains the tombs of Qing emperors.
5. Xiling has broad stone gates.
Preservation and recognition of the tombs:
1.___________________ has been given to preservation of the Ming and Qing Tombs.
2.All of the tombs have suffered ________________.
3._______________ has been under the protection of the state government.
4._______________has been restored.
5. The deadlines for completing restoration of __________ and______________have been set.
6._____________________ is part and parcel of preserving and restoring historical sites.
7. We need to take the responsibility to____________________ these monuments.
Step3 Reading comprehension (True or False)
1.No attention has been given to preservation of the Ming and Qing Tombs.
2.All of the tombs have suffered some damage.
3.Dongling has been under the protection of the state government.
4.Xiaoling hasn’t been restored.
5.The deadline for completing restoration of Changling and Zhaoling have been set.
6.International recognition isn’t part and parcel of preserving and restoring historical sites.
7.We need to take the responsibility to treasure and protect these monuments.
Step4.Discussion
1.Who is providing the funding for the preservation of the tombs?
2.Why are the tombs included in the World Heritage list?
3.Which local building will your group research? Why?
4.How will you find out more about this building?
5.What are the dangers that the building faces?
6.How can the building be saved and protected?
7.What kind of arguments will you use to convince the local government to act to save and preserve the building?
8.Who will collect information and who will write up the proposal?
Step5 Language points:
1.be equal to與…相等，相當(dāng)于…
2.be located in坐落于
3.be home to= be native to ... 原產(chǎn)于
4. historic sites歷史遺址
5.high-quality=of high quality
6.in terms of就…而言/來說
7.in good condition處于良好的狀態(tài)
8.do sth as insurance for做某事以確保
9.take up
從事…（活動/工作）；占用（時間/空間）；拿起
10. mark the entrance to the tombs
標(biāo)志著陵寢的入口
11.in recent decades近幾十年來
12.be well preserved保存完好
13.deliberate destruction故意的破壞
14.under the protection of在…的保護之下
15.invest money in doing投入資金…
16. meet the deadline for如期完成…
17.with the other tombs placed on either side
其它陵寢分列兩邊
18. in terms of architecture在建筑方面
19.suffer damage from centuries of exposure
遭受到幾個世紀(jì)風(fēng)吹日曬的破壞
20.part and parcel of ... ... 的主要部分
21.be given serious attention受到很大的關(guān)注
22.bring needed attention to protecting
...引起必要的的關(guān)注來保護...
23. lead to increased tourism促進了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展
24. over a length of 247 years
歷時247年
25.take up / cover 78 square kilometers
占地78平方公里
Step6 Homework
Read the article in Part A on page 117 in Workbook, and then write an account of the Lugou Bridge.