高中第一冊（上）
Unit 1-Unit 2
知識梳理
Ⅰ.網絡構建
詞匯 單詞 honest *loyal wise smart argue fond match fry *saw rope movie
*cast survive deserted hunt share lie adventure error *closet pronounce broad repeat majority total equal situation trade international organization government tourism *communicate *exchange service signal tidy stand *independent *publish expression compare
詞組 hunt for in order to care about drop sb.a line argue about sth. even though
as...as possible in total make oneself at home except for stay up end up with
a great many the number of more and more
語法 直接引語和間接引語
注：1.帶*者為考綱上無，但在口頭或筆頭交際中十分常用的單詞或詞組。
2.與考綱上單詞互為構詞變化形式的單詞視作應掌握單詞。
Ⅱ.重點精講
●重點單詞
1.match
例句集錦
v.
（1）Sometimes his inner thoughts and his outer actions do not match.
有時他的內心想法與行為不一致。
（2）Please match each picture with the correct sentence.
把每一幅畫與正確的句子搭配起來。
（3）No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.
在古典音樂方面沒有人比得上她。
（4）The doors were painted blue to match the walls.
門漆成了藍色，為的是與墻的顏色相配。
（5）Her fingerprints match those found at the scene of the crime.
她的指紋與犯罪現場的指紋相吻合。
（6）The teams were evenly matched.
各隊的水平旗鼓相當。
n.
（1）They had a football match with Grade Two yesterday and they won.
他們昨天和二年級進行了一場足球賽，他們贏了。
（2）I smell gas and you’d better not strike a match.
我聞到有煤氣味，你最好別擦火柴。
（3）The cap is a match for the coat.
這帽子和上衣很相配。
（4）I was his match at tennis.
打網球我跟他難分上下。
（5）I have found a vase that is an exact match of the one I broke.
我找到了一只花瓶，和我打碎的那個一模一樣。
用法歸納
*match可用作動詞和名詞。作動詞時，主要義項有：與……一致；和……相似；和……相配（稱）；匹敵過；比得過。主要搭配形式為：match+n.+to/with+n.把……和……搭配起來/調和起來；match+n.+ in/for+n.與……匹敵，是……的對手，勢均力敵。
作名詞時，主要義項有：火柴；比賽；相配
相關歸納
（1）be no match for 敵不過
I was no match for him at tennis.
打網球我根本不是他的對手。
（2） match up to 與……相當；符合……標準
The trip failed to match up to her expectations.
這次旅行令她很失望。
2.share
例句集錦
v.
（1）Share the sweets between you.
你們兩人把這些糖果分了。
He shared his money out among his six children.
他把錢分給了六個孩子。
（2）I’ll share the cost with you.
我將與你分攤費用。
The two friends shared everything-they had no secrets.
這對朋友無話不談--彼此之間毫無秘密。
（3）We haven’t enough books for everyone；some of you will share.
我們的書不夠每人一本，你們中有些人得合用。
He shares a house with three other students.
他和另外三個學生合住一套房子。
（4）I try to get the kids to share in the housework.
我努力讓孩子們分擔家務活。
Both the drivers shared the blame for the accidents.
事故責任由兩個駕車人共同承擔。
n.
（1）We shall all have a share in the profits.
我們都分得一份利潤。
（2）Next year we hope to have a bigger share of the market.
明年我們希望獲得更大的市場份額。
（3）I own 12 shares in an oil company.
我擁有石油公司的12個股份。
用法歸納
*share可用作動詞和名詞。用作名詞時，主要義項為：一份；股份
用作動詞時，主要搭配和義項有：（1）share sth.（out）（among/between sb.）分給；分配；分派 （2）share sth.（with sb.）和別人分享；和別人合用；分給別人 （3）share in sth.分攤；共同承擔
3.develop
例句集錦
（1）You should try your best to develop a business.
你們應該盡量擴大業務。
（2）He has developed the habit of making notes while reading.
他已養成閱讀時記筆記的習慣。
（3）The child is developing normally.
這孩子發育正常。
（4）The company develops and markets new software.
這個公司開發并銷售新軟件。
（5）Can you develop this film for me？
你能把這個膠卷沖洗出來嗎？
（6）She developed the company from nothing.
她白手起家辦起這個公司。
用法歸納
*develop v. 主要義項為：發展；發生；產生；開發；加工；沖洗
4.communicate v.
communication n.
例句集錦
（1）People communicate with each other by spoken or written language or by body languages.
人們通過口頭或筆頭或通過身體語言進行交流。
（2）Through the Internet，we can communicate directly with the United Nations.
通過互聯網，我們可以直接與聯合國聯系。
（3）He was eager to communicate his idea to the group.
他急于把他的想法傳達給小組。
（4）The disease is communicated through dirty drinking water.
這種疾病通過不干凈的飲用水傳播。
（5）Radio and television are important means of communication.
收音機和電視是信息交流的重要工具。
（6）Speech is the fastest method of communication between people.
說話是人與人交流最快捷的方式。
用法歸納
*communicate v 告知；交流；溝通；傳達；傳遞；傳染；傳播（疾病）
*communication n傳達；交流；通訊；聯絡；信息
5.lie
例句集錦
（1）The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.
貓躺在爐火旁睡得很熟。
（2）When I entered，he was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
我進去時，他正和衣躺在床上。
（3）Snow was lying thick on the ground.
厚厚的積雪覆蓋大地。
（4）These machines have lain idle since the factory closed.
工廠關閉以來，這些機器就一直閑置著。
（5）The town lies on the coast.
這個小鎮位于海濱。
（6）Thompson is lying in the fourth place.
湯姆森名列第四。
（7）You could see from his face that he was lying.
從他的表情你可以看出來他在說假話。
（8）She lies about her age.
她謊報自己的年齡。
（9）The camera cannot lie.
照相機不會作假。
用法歸納
*lie作動詞時，主要義項為：躺著；位于；處于，保留，保持（某種狀態）；說謊。
相關歸納
（1）lie down 躺下（休息或養病）
I’ll go and lie down for a bit.I’m a little dizzy.
我去躺一會兒，我有點頭暈。
（2）lie with（責任等）在于
The fault lies with me.
錯誤在我。
（3）give the lie to sth.證實……是虛假的；證明不實；揭穿謊言
These new figures give the lie to the belief that unemployment is going down.
這些新的資料表明失業率在下降的看法是不真實的。
特別提示
lie作“說謊”講時，是規則動詞，過去式和過去分詞為 lied，lied；作其他意思講時，是不規則動詞，過去式和過去分詞為lay，lain。
6.compare
例句集錦
（1）Those present at the meeting compared the industry development in both countries.
與會者對兩個國家的工業發展作了比較。
（2）We compared the two reports carefully.
我們仔細比較了兩個報告。
（3）It is interesting to compare their situation and ours.
把他們的狀況和我們的相比很有意思。
用法歸納
*compare（v.）的主要義項有：比較；相比
相關歸納
（1）compare A with B 把A與B相比較（指同類事物的具體比較）。
Compare John’s answer with Henry’s，which is better？
把約翰和亨利兩人的答案比較一下，哪個更好？
（2） compare A to B 把A比作B
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亞把世界比作一個舞臺。
（3）compared to/with 與……比起來（常用作狀語，可位于句首或句末）
Compared to/with many people，she was indeed lucky.
和許多人比起來，她是幸運的。
（4）compare with/to sb./sth.與……類似（或相似）
This school compares with the best in the country.
=This school is as good as the best in the country.
這所學校可與全國最好的學校相媲美。
This house doesn’t compare with our previous one.
這房子比不上我們以前的。
●重點短語
1.as...as possible 盡可能地……
例句集錦
We will mend your car as soon as possible.
=We will mend your car as soon as they can.
我們將盡早把你的車修好。
I’ll go to see you as often as possible.
=I’ll go to see you as often as I can.
我將會盡可能經常地去看你的。
You should try to be as friendly as possible to each other.
你們彼此之間應該盡可能地友好些。
特別提示
as...as possible 是as...as it is（was）possible的省略，其中的possible用作表語，不可用副詞possibly替代。
2.come about（某事）發生（=happen）
例句集錦
I don’t know how this thing came about.
我不知道這事是怎樣發生的。
Do you know how the phrase came about？
你知道這個成語是怎樣產生的嗎？
How did it come about that you didn’t report this to us in good time？
你怎么沒及時向我們報告？
3.forget to do sth.忘記去做……
forget doing sth.忘了做過……
例句集錦
Don’t forget to give my regards to them.
別忘了替我向他們問好。
Take care，and don’t forget to write.要保重，別忘了寫信。
I forgot writing to him，so I wrote again.
=I forgot that I had written to him，so I wrote again.
我忘了已經給他寫過信了，我又寫了一封。
用法歸納
forget to do sth.的意思是：忘了要做的事。
forget doing sth.的意思是：忘了已做的事或已發生的事。
具有相似用法的動詞（短語）還有：remember，regret等。
Remember to post the letters.
=Don’t forget to post the letters.
要記著去寄信。
I remember posting/having posted the letters.
=I posted the letters and I remember the actions.
我記得已把信寄了。
We regret to inform you that your account is overdrawn.
我們遺憾地通知你，你的賬戶已透支了。
I don’t regret telling her what I thought，even if it upset her.
我把想法告訴了她使她感到煩惱，但是我不后悔。
4.more or less大約；差不多，幾乎
例句集錦
That table is more or less two meters long.
那張桌子大約兩米長。
I’ve more or less finished the book.
我差不多已經讀完這本書了。
She could earn $200 a day，more or less.
她一天大約能掙200美元。
用法歸納
more or less是一個固定結構，or不可換成and。more or less可以修飾數詞，意為“大約”；還可修飾動詞、分詞、形容詞，意為“或多或少，差不多，幾乎”。通常放在系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞之后，或放在動詞之前，也可置于句末。
5.more than 超過；很；非常；不僅
例句集錦
That mountain is more than 1500 meters high.（=over）
這座山有1500多米高。
More than one person was invited.
接到邀請的不止一個人。
She is more than pleased with her daughter’s performance.（=very）
她對女兒的表演非常高興。
Bamboo is used for more than building.
=Bamboo is not only used for building.
竹子不僅僅可以用來蓋房子。
She was more than a little shaken by the experience.
這次經歷對她產生了極大的震動。
Music is more than just sound -it is a way of thinking.
音樂不僅僅是一種聲音 --它是一種思考的方式。
用法歸納
“more than+數詞+名詞”等于“over+數詞+名詞”，意為“超過”。more than用于修飾形容詞、名詞或動詞時，要看作習語，意思是“不僅、很、非常”。
相關歸納
（1）no more than 不超過
His whole school education added up to no more than one year.
他所受的學校教育加起來不超過一年。
（2）more A than B與其說B不如說A
She is more hardworking than wise.
與其說她聰明不如說她勤奮。
6.more and more 越來越……
例句集錦
More and more people are using the Internet.
越來越多的人在使用互聯網。
He is getting fatter and fatter.
他越來越胖了。
She is becoming more and more interested in going into politics.
她對從政越來越感興趣了。
We’re walking more and more slowly.
我們越走越慢了。
相關歸納
“the＋比較級...，the＋比較級...”相當于漢語的“越……，（就）越……”。該結構表示兩個變化按比例同時遞增/減。前一個“the＋比較級...”結構為從屬分句，后一個“the＋比較級...”結構為主句。主句為一般將來時態時，從句（前一個“the＋比較級...”結構）要用一般現在時。
The more you read，the more you’ll get.
你讀得越多，就收獲越大。
The sooner you start，the more quickly the work will be finished.
你開始得越早，工作就完成得越快。
The more difficult the problem is，the more interested he becomes.
題越難，他越感興趣。
7.bring in 吸引，引入；請……做，讓……參加；提出（新法案）；賺得，掙
例句集錦
They started to use English，but they also brought in some words from their own languages.
他們開始使用英語，但是他們也從本族語言中引入了一些單詞。
Experts were brought in to advise the government.
政府請來專家出謀劃策。
They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.
他們想提出一項限制武器出口的議案。
We need to bring in a lot more new business.
我們得吸引更多的新業務。
How much does she bring in now？
她現在掙多少錢？
相關歸納
（1）bring about導致；引起
What brought about the change in his attitude？
是什么使他改變了主意？
（2）bring back把……送回；歸還；使回憶起；恢復；重新使用
Please bring back all library books by the end of the week.
請在周末前把圖書館的書全部歸還。
The photographs brought back many of pleasant memories.
照片給人帶來很多美好的回憶。
Most people are against bringing back death penalty.
大多數人反對恢復死刑。
（3）bring down打垮；擊敗；降低；減少；（飛機）著陸；擊落
The scandal may bring down the government.
那件丑聞可能使政府垮臺。
We aim to bring down prices on all our computers.
我們打算降低我們所有計算機的價格。
The pilot managed to bring the plane down in the field.
飛行員設法將飛機降落在田里。
Twelve enemy fighters have been brought down.
有十二架敵方的戰斗機被擊落。
●必背句型
1.so或neither（nor）引導的（倒裝）句型
教材原句
（1）Rock music is OK，and so is skiing.
搖滾樂很好，滑雪也不錯。
（2）I don’t enjoy singing，nor do I like computers.
我不喜歡唱歌，也不喜歡計算機。
特別提示
1.“so+系動詞（情態動詞或助動詞）+（與前句不同的）主語”表示前句中的肯定情況也適用于另一人或物。so代替上文中的動作或概念，表示“也是這樣，也是如此”。注意：兩句中應使用同類助動詞且應時態一致。
2.“neither/nor+系動詞（情態動詞或助動詞）+（與前句相同的）主語”表示連續的否定。
補充例句
（1）She can speak French and so can her husband.
=She can speak French and her husband can speak French，too.
她會講法語，她的丈夫也會。
I have lost a bike and so has he.
= I have lost a bike and he has also lost one.
我丟了一輛自行車，他也丟了一輛。
（2）I don’t know where he has gone，nor do I care about.
我不知道他去哪里了，我也不關心。
相關歸納
（1）-I have never been to America.
我從未去過美國。
-Neither/Nor have I.（=I haven’t been to America，either.）
我也從未去過。
特別提示
“neither/nor+系動詞（情態動詞或助動詞）+（與前句不同的）主語”表示前句中的否定情況也適用于另一人或物；由于neither/nor是否定詞，所以不能再使用not。
（2004年江蘇卷，21）I will never know what was on his mind at the time，nor will anyone else.
我將永遠不會知道當時他心里是怎么想的，其他人也不會知道。
（2）-Tom likes playing basketball but he can’t play well.
湯姆喜歡打籃球，但他打得不好。
-So it is with me.（=I like playing basketball，too，but I can’t play well，either.）
我的情況與他相同。
特別提示
前句表述的某人或某物情況復雜，無法使用so或neither（nor）引導的倒裝句型表達另一人或物情況相同，則用It is/was with sb./sth.。
-He is an honest worker and works hard.
他是一位誠實的工人，而且工作很賣力。
-So it is with you.
你也是這樣的。
（3）-She can speak French.她會講法語。
-So she can.（=You are right.She can speak French.）
她確實會講法語。
特別提示
“So+（與前句相同的）主語+助動詞”表示贊同，so譯為“確實”，主謂不倒裝。
2.so...that 如此……以至于……
教材原句
Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
查克是個商人，他太忙了以至于很少有時間與朋友交往。
特別提示
so+adj./adv.+that...表示“如此……以至于”，that可省略；當so和它所修飾的形容詞或副詞放在句首時，主句倒裝。
特別提示
補充例句
The weather was so fine that the children all went out，playing in the sun.
天氣很好，孩子們都出去在陽光下玩耍。
So interesting is the book that I want to read it again.
=The book is so interesting that I want to read it again.
這本書太有趣了，我想再看一遍。
相關歸納
There are so many mistakes in your article that I can’t understand the meaning.
你的文章里錯誤百出，以致我無法看懂文意。
特別提示
在so...that句型中也可以使用名詞，結構如下：
（1）so+few/many+可數名詞復數+that
（2）so+little/much+不可數名詞+that
（3）so+adj.+a（n）+名詞+that=such+a（n）+adj.+名詞+that
It was so cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.
=It was such a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.
天氣太冷了，河里的冰有兩英尺厚。
There was so much water in the river that we couldn’t swim across it.
河里的水太多了，我們游不過去。
3.should have done sth.過去應該干某事
教材原句
He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.
他還明白了他以前應該多關心朋友。
特別提示
should have done表示“過去本應該做某事，而實際上沒做”，含有責備的意味。
shouldn’t have done表示“過去不應該做某事，而實際上做了”，也含有責備的意味。
補充例句
（1）You should have come here yesterday.
你昨天應該到這里來。
（2）I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
明天我將告訴瑪麗她的新工作。
（2004年福建卷，32）You should have told her last week.
你上周就該告訴她。
（3）He shouldn’t have gone without telling us.
他不應該不告訴我們就走了。
（4）I shouldn’t have yelled at you that way.
我不該那樣對你大喊大叫。
4.強調句型及其各種結構
教材原句
What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom？
喬在浴室里找不到的是什么？
特別提示
強調句型的結構如下：
（1）基本結構：It is/was +被強調部分+that/who +其余部分
（2）被強調句子是一般疑問句時，強調句結構：“Is/Was it＋被強調部分＋that/who ＋其他部分（用陳述語序）？”
（3）被強調部分是特殊疑問詞時，強調句結構：“疑問詞＋is/was ＋that＋其他部分（陳述語序）？”
（4）強調名詞性從句引導詞時，強調句結構：“引導詞＋it is/was＋that＋從句其他部分”。
（5）對not...until結構中until部分進行強調時，not需要放在被強調部分，句式為：“It is/was not until...that＋主句部分（用肯定形式）”。
補充例句
（1）It was we that/who had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午是我們在會議室開的會。
It was in the meeting room that we had a meeting yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午我們是在會議室開的會。
（2）Is it tomorrow that you will go to see him？
你是準備明天去看他嗎？
Was it in the meeting room that you held the meeting yesterday afternoon？
你們昨天是在會議室開的會嗎？
（3）Where was it that you held the meeting？
你們是在哪里開的會？
When is it that you will go to see him？
你準備在什么時間去看他？
（4）I don’t know what it was that he said at the meeting.
我不知道他在會上講了什么。
He asked where it was that you held the meeting.
他問你們是在哪里開的會。
（5）It was not until you told me that I knew what he said at the meeting.
直到你告訴我，我才知道他在會上講了什么。
It was not until midnight that he went back home after the experiment.
直到午夜他才做完實驗回到家里。
疑難突破
1.match，suit，fit
match多指大小、色調、形狀、性質等方面的搭配。
suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位等。
fit多指尺寸、形狀合適，引申為吻合，協調。
應用
（1）His clothes don’t ______ his age.
（2）Does the time ______ you？
（3）The new coat ______ her well.It is neither too big nor too small.
（4）Which day ______ you，Saturday or Sunday？
答案：（1）match （2）suit （3）fits （4）suits
2.alone，lonely
（1）詞性：alone可以作形容詞和副詞；lonely只能作形容詞。
（2）用法：作形容詞時，alone只能作表語，有時作賓補，不能作定語；lonely可以作表語和定語。alone不能用very修飾，而要說much alone，或very much alone。
（3）詞義：作表語時，alone的意思是“獨自一人”，指的是客觀情況；lonely的意思是“寂寞”，指的是主觀感覺。
（4）固定結構：leave/let sb./sth.alone 聽任；別打擾；let alone更不用說。
應用
（1）He feels ______ though he has two brothers.
（2）The old man lives in a ______ house in the forest ______.
（3）When he woke up，he found himself ______ in the room.
（4）Though he is ______ at home，he doesn’t feel______，for he has many things to do.
（5）The baby can’t walk，let ______ run.
（6）Leave the machine ______.It’s dangerous.
答案：（1）lonely （2）lonely，alone （3）alone （4）alone，lonely （5）alone （6）alone
3.although，though
（1）一般情況下，兩者可換用（although多用于句首）。
（2）所引導的讓步狀語從句放在主句前，從句中用部分倒裝時，用though（=as）。
（3）只能說as though（=as if）；even though（=even if）。
（4）though可用作副詞，放在句末或句中，表示“然而、不過”，although不可。
應用
（1）______ they tried hard，they didn’t finish the work on time.
（2）They didn’t stop to have a rest ______ they were tired.
（3）He speaks English as ______ he were an Englishman.
（4）Even ______ he didn’t tell me anything about it，I know the whole thing.
（5）Child ______he is，he knows a lot about computers.
（6）He said he would help me with my English； he didn’t，______.
答案：（1）Although/Though （2）though/although （3）though （4）though （5）though （6）though
4.besides，except，except for，except that
besides意為“除……之外，尚有……或外加……”。
except將一個或幾個人或物從同一類或普通的種類中除外，意為“除……之外”，指“不包括……”。其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或wh-從句。
except for說明整個基本情況后，對細節加以糾正，后接名詞。
except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必須接句子。它用來表示理由或細節，修正前面所說的情況。
應用
（1）We all succeeded ______Tom，so he is also glad.
（2）We all succeeded ______Tom，so he is very sad.
（3）He is a good man，______hot temper.
（4）Your article is quite good ______ there are several spelling mistakes.
（5）Your article is quite good ______several spelling mistakes.
答案：（1）besides （2）except （3）except for （4）except that （5）except for
5.a number of，the number of
a number of只能用作定語，修飾可數名詞復數，意為“許多；若干”（=many）。number前可用large，small等修飾詞。當它修飾主語時，謂語動詞與它修飾的主語一致。
the number of 的意思是“……的數量；號碼”。當它與后面的名詞連用時，中心詞是the number。如果用作主語，即使后面的名詞是復數，謂語也要用單數。
應用
（1）______ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.
（2）We have lived here for ______ years.
（3）______ jobless people grows in the country at present.
（4）______ students are playing football on the playground.
（5）______ students in our class is over 70.
答案：（1）The number of （2）a number of （3）The number of （4）A number of （5）The number of
典例剖析
【例1】 （2005年春季北京，29）The Internet has brought______big changes in the way we work.
A.about B.out C.back D.up
剖析：本題考查動詞短語。bring about導致，引起；bring out說明，闡明，出版；bring back把……送回，歸還，使回憶起，恢復，重新使用；bring up撫養，培養，提起，提出。bring about符合句意，故選A。全句意思為：“因特網給我們工作的方式帶來了很大的變化。”
答案：A
【例2】（2004年全國卷Ⅰ，26）-How about eight o’clock outside the cinema？
-That ______ me fine.
A.fits B.meets C.satisfies D.suits
剖析：本題考查動詞的辨析。從語境看，對話的內容是在討論見面的時間、地點，B、C兩項意思不合適：meet的意思為“滿足……的要求”時，后跟名詞，不跟人稱代詞，例如：meet one’s wishes（滿足某人的愿望）；satisfy作“滿足某人的需要，使滿足”解時，帶賓語，但是后不再跟修飾語；fit指“（大小、形狀）合適”；suit意為“適合……的要求；對……方便”，后跟人稱代詞。從語境看，答話人對問話人所定的時間、地點感到適合、方便，故選D。
答案：D
【例3】 （2004年全國卷Ⅲ，27）Mr White ______ at 8:30 for the meeting，but he didn’t show up.
A.should have arrived B.should arrive
C.should have had arrived D.should be arriving
剖析：后句表明他沒到達，因此選A項，因為should have done可以表示“過去本應該做某事，而實際上沒做”，這與前句意思相符。B項和D項時態不對。C項結構搭配錯誤。
答案：A
【例4】 （2004年全國卷Ⅲ，32）-I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible!
-______.
A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I
剖析：由于前句表達的是否定意思，首先排除D項；“Neither＋助動詞＋主語”結構中的助動詞應與前句的助動詞保持一致，因此排除A項； C項結構錯誤。故選B。
答案：B
【例5】 （2004年全國卷Ⅲ，35）I do every single bit of housework ______ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
A.since B.while C.when D.as
剖析：全句意為：“幾乎所有的家務活都是我干的，而我的丈夫Bob只是偶爾洗洗盤子。”故選B。句中while表示對比，意為“而；然而”（=but）。此外，while還可表示：（1）雖然；盡管（=although）。（2）當……的時候。
答案：B
補充：
【例1】 （2004年春季上海，35）I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon.Do you have anything ______？
A.to be buying B.to buy C.for buying D.bought
剖析：have用作實義動詞，作“有”講時，其賓語后可用動詞不定式作定語，本題就需要動詞不定式作定語。全句意思是：“今天下午我去超市買東西，你有什么要買的嗎？”
答案：B
【例2】 -David has made great progress recently.
-______ and ______.
A.So he has；so you have B.So he has；so have you
C.So has he；so have you D.So has he；so you have
剖析：本題的精巧之處在于將so的兩種用法置于同一語境中。本題的意思是：“大衛最近取得了很大進步。”“他是取得了進步，你也取得了很大進步。”
答案：B
【例3】 （2002年高考上海，32）-You forgot your purse when you went out.
-Good heavens，______.
A.so did I B.so I did C.I did so D.I so did
剖析：本題考查副詞so的意義和用法。正確解答本題的關鍵是要弄清兩句話的主語是同一人。
“So+（與前句相同的）主語+助動詞”表示贊同，so意為“確實”。而 “So+助動詞+（與前句不同的）主語”表示上文說某人做了某事，下文說“另一個人”也做了某事。故不可選A項，應選B。
答案：B