知識(shí)梳理
Ⅰ.網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建
詞匯 單詞 deadly imaginary *quiz false *route blood prevention persuade defenceless illness treatment unprotected *sex lack proper cheer discourage cheernetwork specialist curable meaningful fierce stranger strength recover fighter *contrary *aid drown bleed ink wire container electrical *upside scream calm tip slight chest wound recovery blanket motorcycle sudden bite tap *loose explanation flashlight
詞組 live with die of cheer（...） up suffer from on the contrary catch fire for the moment free from first aid upside down keep in mind roll over in honour of in case of
語(yǔ)法 虛擬語(yǔ)氣
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)精講
●重點(diǎn)單詞
1.persuade
例句集錦
v.
（1）She is not easy to persuade.
她不容易說(shuō)服。
She persuaded me to wait.她勸我等待。
She tried to persuade him to change his mind.
她試圖勸他改變主意。
Can you persuade her into/out of wearing that dress?
你能勸她穿（不穿）那件衣服嗎？
（2）I couldn’t persuade him that she was a thief.
我無(wú)法使他相信她是個(gè)小偷。
How can I persuade you of my sincerity?
我如何能使你相信我的真誠(chéng)？
用法歸納
*persuade 主要用作及物動(dòng)詞。主要有兩個(gè)義項(xiàng)：說(shuō)服；使相信。主要搭配形式為：persuade sb. to do sth.；persuade sb. into doing sth.；persuade sb. out of doing sth.；persuade sb. that-clause。
特別提示
persuade sb. to do sth.意為“說(shuō)服某人做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；而advise sb. to do sth.和try to persuade sb. to do sth.意為“勸某人做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。
2.lack
例句集錦
n.
She suffered from a severe lack of sleep.
她苦于嚴(yán)重的睡眠不足。
We have no lack of food.
我們不缺乏食物。
We cannot discuss the details now for lack of time.
因時(shí)間有限，我們現(xiàn)在無(wú)法討論細(xì)節(jié)。
v.
（1）She lacks common sense.她沒(méi)有（缺乏）常識(shí)。
She lacked the confidence to make friends.
她缺乏交朋友的信心。
（2）We lack for nothing.我們不缺任何東西。
They did not lack for money.他們并不缺錢(qián)。
用法歸納
*lack可用作動(dòng)詞（vi.＆vt.）和名詞。主要義項(xiàng)有：缺乏，不足；不足之物，欠缺之物。
特別提示
lack用作名詞時(shí)常與介詞of連用，用作動(dòng)詞常與介詞 for連用。
3.drown
例句集錦
v.
（1）Betty tried to drown herself in the lake.
貝蒂企圖投湖自殺。
He drowned a kitten.他淹死了一只小貓。
（2）The noise from the airplane drowned his voice.
來(lái)自飛機(jī)的噪音淹沒(méi)了他的聲音。
The streets were drowned by the floods.
那條街道被洪水所淹沒(méi)。
Mary’s eyes were drowned in tears.
瑪麗的眼睛淚汪汪。
（3）He tried to drown his sorrows in drinks.
他試圖以酒消愁。
（4）He drowned himself in his job.
他埋頭工作。
（5）She was drowning.她快要淹死了。
He fell from a bridge and drowned.
他從橋上掉下去淹死了。
A drowning man will catch at a straw.
［諺語(yǔ)］快淹死的人連一根草都會(huì)抓住；急不暇擇。
*drown可用作動(dòng)詞（vt.＆vi.）。主要義項(xiàng)有：使溺死，淹死；淹沒(méi)；消除；忘卻。
●重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1.for the moment
例句集錦
I have nothing to do for the moment.
我目前沒(méi)事做。
Stop the discussion for the moment.
請(qǐng)暫停討論。
We’re happy living in a flat for the moment,but we may want to move to a house soon.
目前我們住在單元房很滿意，不過(guò)我們不久也許想住個(gè)獨(dú)門(mén)獨(dú)院的房子。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒
Let me speak for a moment.
讓我說(shuō)一會(huì)兒。
For a moment,I almost had nothing to say.
一下子，我?guī)缀跏裁匆舱f(shuō)不出了。
Could you wait for me for a moment？
你能等我一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔?/p>
（2）in a moment 轉(zhuǎn)瞬間，馬上
All her imaginary happiness vanished in a moment.
她想象中的幸福霎時(shí)全部煙消云散了。
Mr Green will come to see you in a moment.
格林先生馬上會(huì)來(lái)看你的。
（3）at the moment（用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)）此刻；（用于過(guò)去時(shí)）當(dāng)時(shí)
They are doing nothing at the moment.
他們此刻什么事也沒(méi)干。
I’m busy at the moment.我此刻忙。
She was sleeping at the very moment.
就在那時(shí)她正在睡覺(jué)。
特別提示
注意moment構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)中不同冠詞的使用。
2.catch fire
例句集錦
The house caught fire.房子著火了。
If a pan of oil catches fire,turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly.
如果油鍋著火，關(guān)掉煤氣，立即蓋上鍋。
With the strong wind,the cottage catches fire easily.
由于大風(fēng)，茅屋很容易著火。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）（be） on fire著火
The company caught fire last night and it is on fire.
那家公司昨晚著火了，現(xiàn)在還在燒。
When he arrived,he found the house was still on fire.
他到的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)那幢房子還在燒。
The fire has been on fire for half an hour.
那場(chǎng)火已經(jīng)燒了半個(gè)小時(shí)了。
（2）make a fire生火
They made a fire to keep warm.
他們生火取暖。
The old woman was about to make a fire to cook dinner when someone knocked at the door.
那位老夫人正要生火做飯，這時(shí)候有人敲門(mén)。
（3）start/light a fire點(diǎn)火
They started a fire to be seen by the rescuing team.
他們點(diǎn)火好讓援救隊(duì)看見(jiàn)。
（4）put out the fire撲滅大火
The fire had been put out before the firemen arrived.
消防隊(duì)員還未趕到大火就被撲滅了。
The fire guards often find campfires that have not been put out completely.
防火警備員經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)未完全熄滅的營(yíng)火。
（5）set...on fire/set fire to縱火，放火燒
The Japanese set fire to his house.
日本人燒了他的家。
Nobody knows who set the house on fire.
沒(méi)有人知道誰(shuí)燒了那幢房子。
特別提示
注意fire所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)中定冠詞、不定冠詞、零冠詞的使用。
3.on the contrary相反地
例句集錦
I thought it was going to clear up.On the contrary,it began to rain.
我原以為天氣會(huì)放晴，相反地，天開(kāi)始下雨了。
-You’ll get tired of it.
你會(huì)厭倦它的。
-On the contrary,I’ll enjoy it very much.
正好相反，我會(huì)很喜歡它的。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）to the contrary相反的（地），有相反的證據(jù)
She says she didn’t go there,and there is no evidence to the contrary.
她說(shuō)她沒(méi)有到那兒去，且沒(méi)有與她的話相反的證據(jù)。
I’ll expect you on Monday unless I hear to the contrary.
我期待你禮拜一來(lái)，除非我接到你相反的通知。
I know nothing to the contrary.
與此相反之事我一概不知。
（2）by contraries有相反的情形，與預(yù)期相反
Many things in our lives go by contraries.
在我們的生活當(dāng)中，許多事情與預(yù)期相反。
She said that dreams go by contraries.
他說(shuō)夢(mèng)境預(yù)兆相反的事。
●必背句型
wish+賓語(yǔ)從句
教材原句
“I wish I could remember more about my mum,” Xiaohua says,“I wish she were here with me and that we weren’t sick.”
“我真希望我對(duì)媽媽的記憶能更多一些，”小華說(shuō)，“我真希望她就在我身邊，而且我們都沒(méi)患病”。
特別提示
wish后跟賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去時(shí)，與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)。
補(bǔ)充例句
（1）I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round.
但愿北京全年是秋天。
She wishes she were still living with her grandmother.
她希望仍和祖母住在一起。
（2）I wish I hadn’t spent too much money.
我后悔不該花那么多錢(qián)。
He wishes he had not lost the chance.
他真希望沒(méi)有失去機(jī)會(huì)。
（3）I wish it would stop raining.
但愿雨能停止。
I wish you would come soon.
但愿你立刻來(lái)。
疑難突破
1.silent,quiet,still,calm,noiseless
silent 主要指人“沉默的,不出聲的”，但不一定無(wú)活動(dòng)。quiet意為“安靜的,寧?kù)o的”，指人時(shí)表示生性安靜，不易激動(dòng)；用于自然環(huán)境時(shí)，指沒(méi)有干擾活動(dòng)、沒(méi)有喧鬧聲的寂靜狀態(tài)。still意為“安靜的，不動(dòng)的”，不指心理狀態(tài)，指環(huán)境和人“靜的，靜止的”狀態(tài)。 calm意為“鎮(zhèn)靜的，平靜的”，主要指人“沉著鎮(zhèn)定”，指自然界“無(wú)風(fēng)無(wú)浪”。 noiseless意為“聲音很輕的，無(wú)聲的”,常用來(lái)形容機(jī)器。
應(yīng)用
（1）This is a ______ typewriter.
（2）In order not to lose the job,he kept ______ about the matter.
（3）It is a ______ place；I enjoy living here.
（4）Mary is a ______ girl.
（5）He remained ______ in face of danger.
（6）Stand ______ while I take a photo of you.
（7）We visited Beijing in ______ weather.
答案：（1）noiseless （2）silent （3）quiet （4）quiet （5）calm （6）still
（7）calm
2.suggest，advise，persuade
suggest v. 作“建議”講時(shí)，常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)有：suggest sth.建議某事；suggest doing sth.建議做某事；suggest one’s doing sth.建議某人做某事； suggest that sb.（should） do sth.建議某人做某事；作“預(yù)示”講時(shí)，構(gòu)成句型 suggest sth.和 suggest that-clause（不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣）。
advise v.“建議，忠告”，構(gòu)成句型：advise sb.to do sth./advise doing sth./advise that sb.（should） do sth.。
persuade v. “說(shuō)服”，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)persuade sb.to do sth.說(shuō)服某人做某事，等于persuade sb.into doing sth.。
應(yīng)用
（1）I ______ my father to give up smoking,but he didn’t listen to me.
（2）He finally ______ them to sing for free.
（3）I ______ he help his brother with the farm work while he is free.
（4）His pale face ______ that he is in poor health.
（5）My ______ is that the meeting（should） be put off till next Monday.
（6）-When shall we start off ?
-I ______ tomorrow morning.
（7）Can you ______ me what to do next ?
答案：（1）advised （2）persuaded （3）suggest/advise （4）suggests （5）suggestion （6）suggest/advise （7）advise
典例剖析
【例1】（2004年遼寧，26）Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else ______ such a beautiful palace.
A.can you find B.you could find
C.you can find D.could you find
剖析：第一個(gè)分句中使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，第二個(gè)分句常使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，排除B、D項(xiàng)；含有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí)，該句要用部分倒裝，排除C項(xiàng)。
答案：A
【例2】（2004年福建，28）-How do you ______ we go to Beijing for our holidays?
-I think we’d better fly there.It’s much more comfortable.
A.insist B.want
C.suppose D.suggest
剖析：根據(jù)本句的謂語(yǔ)用原形這一現(xiàn)象可知用suggest。按句子結(jié)構(gòu)的劃分，這句話是含有插入語(yǔ)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。插入成分的動(dòng)詞是suggest時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略。insist一詞也有該用法，但與句意不符。如果用suppose之類的詞作插入語(yǔ)，此句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是將來(lái)時(shí)。
答案：D
【例3】（2004年福建，32）-I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
-You ______ her last week.
A.ought to tell B.would have told
C.must tell D.should have told
剖析：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過(guò)去分詞說(shuō)明的是過(guò)去。根據(jù)狀語(yǔ)last week和本句意義，應(yīng)該選should have told，意為“本應(yīng)該上星期告訴她，但你卻沒(méi)有”。
答案：D
【例4】（2004年廣東，35）-Do you mind if I open the window?
-______ I feel a bit cold.
A.Of course not. B.I’d rather you didn’t.
C.Go ahead. D.Why not?
剖析：由I feel a bit cold看，答話者不愿開(kāi)窗。A、C、D都表示“要開(kāi)窗”的意思。
答案：B