1.wild adj. 野生的，荒涼的，猛烈的
wild flowers / animals 野花/野生動(dòng)物 the Wild Animals Club野生動(dòng)物俱樂(lè)部
Many wild animals are in danger . 許多野生動(dòng)物處于危險(xiǎn)之中。
The silly girl was wild about the famous film star .那個(gè)愚蠢的女孩對(duì)那個(gè)著名的影星著了魔
They were wild with joy at the news .他們對(duì)那則消息欣喜若狂。
2.giant
(1) adj.用于動(dòng)植物名詞前，意為“大…” a giant cabbage . 一棵大卷心菜
(2) adj. “巨大的”=very big The giant size packet gives you more for less money .
特大的包裝使你用較少的錢買到超值的分量。
(3) n. 巨人，偉人，天才 Yao Ming is called a giant . 姚明被稱為巨人。
Lu Xun is a giant among writers .魯迅是作家中的大文豪。
3.sadly adv. (more sadly , most sadly) 可惜，令人傷心地
Sadly , it’s very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild .
可悲的是，大熊貓?jiān)谝巴夂茈y生存。
He looked sadly at the dead dog .他傷心地看著那個(gè)死狗。
4. survive v. 活下來(lái)，繼續(xù)存在，幸存
(1) Sadly , it’s very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild .
(2)比…活得久， 在…中生還 She survived her husband . 她比她丈夫活得長(zhǎng)。
Few children survived after the flood . 洪水過(guò)后，生還者極少。
survival adj.幸存 survivor n. 生還者
5.fur n. （動(dòng)物的）毛，皮毛
If hunters catch a giant panda , they will kill it for its fur .
如果獵人捕捉到一只大熊貓，他們就會(huì)殺掉它取他的皮毛。
6.forest (large area of land with trees ) n . 森林 walk through the forest 穿越森林
7.nowhere n . 無(wú)處， 沒(méi)有地方
(1)n. If farmers cut down trees and forests , giant pandas will have nowhere to live .
假如農(nóng)民們砍倒樹(shù)木和森林，大熊貓就會(huì)沒(méi)有生活的地方。
He went nowhere last Saturday . 上星期六他哪里也沒(méi)去。
(2)nowhere near = not nearly = far more 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有， 遠(yuǎn)不及
＄50 is nowhere near enough . 五十美圓遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。
The book is nowhere near interesting . 這本書一點(diǎn)意思也沒(méi)有。
8.danger n.危險(xiǎn) in danger (of) 處于（…的）危險(xiǎn)中 out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)
The boy is badly ill and is in danger . Five days later , he was out of danger .
We should save the wild animals in danger .
The house is in danger of fire . He is in danger of losing his life .
There is no danger of swimming in the river .
9.action n.行動(dòng)，指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的、系統(tǒng)的做法 take actions to do . 采取措施/行動(dòng)做某事
We can take the following actions to protect giant pandas .我們能采取下列行動(dòng)保護(hù)大熊貓。
Actions speak louder than words . 身教重于言教。（事實(shí)勝于雄辯）
You should put your words into actions . 你應(yīng)說(shuō)到做到。
10.protect （keep something/someone safe from/ against danger）
v. 保護(hù)，常與from/ against連用
Parents should protect their children from any harm . 父母應(yīng)保護(hù)子女免受任何傷害
He wears sunglasses to protect his eyes from the sunlight . 他戴太陽(yáng)鏡保護(hù)眼睛免受陽(yáng)光照射
They protect the young plants from the cold . 他們保護(hù)幼苗不受凍。
11.reserve (a special area for wild animals) n. 自然保護(hù)區(qū)
make giant panda reserves bigger 使大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)更大
guild more reserves 建更多的自然保護(hù)區(qū)
12.encourage vt.鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)，支持 援助 encourage sb. to do sth .
encourage farmers to leave the giant panda reserves 鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民們離開(kāi)大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)
His father encouraged him to work harder .他父親鼓勵(lì)他更加努力工作。
The teachers encourage their students in their studies .老師在學(xué)習(xí)上鼓勵(lì)同學(xué)們。
13.safe (adj.) safely (adv.) safety (n.)
It’s good to be __________ at home on a night like this .
He got home ____________ at last .
Did you do anything for your own ______________ ?
He took the little boy to the _______________ .
14.alive adj. 活著的，無(wú)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，僅作表語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)。多用于人或動(dòng)物。
stay alive 仍然活著 catch a fish alive 活捉一條魚
His father is dead but his mother is still alive .他父親死了，但是他媽媽活著。
living adj. 活的，有生命的。作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)人或物的活力 living things
15.wolf - wolves 狼
Wolves live in family groups if they are in the wild .
16.report n. / v. 報(bào)告
If I finish my report , I’ll be happy . 假如我完成了我報(bào)告，我將很高興。
a school report 一份成績(jī)報(bào)告單
It’s reported that the number of the wild animals in Africa is getting smaller and smaller .
據(jù)報(bào)道，非洲的野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量正變得越來(lái)越少。
17.attack n. / v. 攻擊， 進(jìn)攻
If a bear is in danger , it attacks people . 假如熊處于危險(xiǎn)中，它就會(huì)攻擊人。
The robber attacked the old man . 強(qiáng)盜攻擊了那位老人。
make an attack on … 對(duì)…發(fā)起攻擊
18.spit (spat / spit) v. 吐痰，吐吐沫
Some snakes spit poison if you step on them .假如你踩了它們，蛇會(huì)吐毒液。
Don’t spit on the ground . 不要隨地吐痰
19.step (stepped , stepping) v. 踩，踏上
The woman stepped on my foot , but didn’t say sorry .那個(gè)婦女踩了我的腳，但沒(méi)說(shuō)對(duì)不起。
Step this way . 請(qǐng)走這邊。
20.hunt (go after wild animals for food or sport , look for) v. 打獵，狩獵，搜索
They hunted foxes . 他們狩獵狐貍。
We’ll go hunting tomorrow .我們明天要外出打獵。
hunt for a job 找工作
hunter n. 獵人，打獵者
21.character n. 特點(diǎn)，性格，品質(zhì)
You can tell a man’s character from his handwriting .根據(jù)一個(gè)人的筆跡可以判別他的性格
He has a strong / weak character . 他個(gè)性剛強(qiáng)/軟弱。
They are twins but they have different characters .他們雖為雙胞胎，但性格相當(dāng)不同。
22.medicine n. 藥（不可數(shù)）
take / have medicine (three times a day) 服藥（每天三次）
make medicine from their bones 用它們的骨頭做藥
make … from … 用…制/做… （看不出原材料）
We make paper from wood . 我們用木材造紙。
They make wine from grapes . 他們用葡萄釀酒。
23.loss n. 喪失，損失，失敗
Loss of living areas . 生活區(qū)的失去。
Loss of health is more serious than loss of wealth . 健康的喪失比財(cái)富的損失更嚴(yán)重。
He sold the clothes at a loss of 50 pounds . 他以損失50英鎊的價(jià)格出售那些衣服。
He was at a loss of words . 他不知說(shuō)什么好。
I was at a loss at what to do . 我不知道該干什么。
lose (lost) v. 丟失，失敗
I lost my watch yesterday . Don’t lose heart .別灰心。
Which side lost the game ? 哪一邊比賽失敗了？
24.peaceful adj. 和平的，安寧的
They are peaceful animals if they live in family groups .
假如他們生活在家庭群體中，他們是和平的動(dòng)物
I want to live in a place more peaceful than here . 我想生活在一個(gè)比這里更安全的地方。
peace n. 和平 peacefully adv. 和平地，安寧地
25. continue (go on , keep on , start again after a stop ) v. 繼續(xù)
continue to do / doing sth .繼續(xù)做某事
If farmers continue to make new farmland , wild animals won’t get enough food .
假如農(nóng)民們繼續(xù)造新田，野生動(dòng)物將得不到足夠的食物。
If we continue to build roads , they won’t have suitable homes .
假如我們繼續(xù)造路，他們將沒(méi)有合適的家園。
He continued to read / reading when I spoke to him .我跟他說(shuō)話的時(shí)候他繼續(xù)看書。
To be continued . 未完待續(xù)。
26.suitable (fit , proper) adj. 適合的，適宜的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?suitably adv. 恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
books suitable for children 適合兒童的書
27.sell (sold) v. 賣
Hunters will make a lot of money if they sell elephants’ tusks .
假如獵人們賣掉象牙，他們會(huì)賺到很多錢。
I sold my brother my bike for 50 dollars . 我把我的自行車以五十美圓賣給我的哥哥了。
The book sells well . 這種書銷售很好。
sell out 賣光，賣完
28.train v. 培養(yǎng)，訓(xùn)練
Elephants help farmers if people train them .假如人們訓(xùn)練它們的話，大象會(huì)幫助農(nóng)民。
There are four abilities to train : hearing , reading , speaking , writing
有四種能力要訓(xùn)練：聽(tīng)力、閱讀、口語(yǔ)、寫作。
The young farmer tried to trained his cow to do farm work .
那個(gè)年輕的農(nóng)民試著訓(xùn)練它的牛干農(nóng)活
Grammar
條件狀語(yǔ)從句
(1).在表示假設(shè)情況或討論可能出現(xiàn)的情況的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。
If we grow more bamboo , giant pandas will have more food .
If we don’t protect giant pandas , they will die .
If I see a snake in front of me , I will run the other way .
I will see a lot if camels if I go to North Africa .
Giant pandas will survive if we protect them .
I will see some beautiful birds if I walk through the rainforest .
假如我中午到那里的話，我可以看到喂養(yǎng)動(dòng)物。
If I arrive at noon , I _______________ (see) _________________________ .
假如我仔細(xì)觀察動(dòng)物的話，我將會(huì)為我的班級(jí)報(bào)告獲得足夠的信息。
If I _____________ (watch) the animals carefully , I ____________ (get) enough information _________ my class report .
如果他來(lái)的話，我將打電話給你。
________________________ , I you .
如果明天不下雨的話，我們就去游覽故宮。
If it _______________ (not rain) tomorrow , we ____________ on a trip ______________ .
如果他下周末有空的話，他就去動(dòng)物園。
If he ____________ (have) time next weekend , he’ll go to the zoo .
(2).在表示一個(gè)事實(shí)或必然出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句和從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
If tigers are hungry , they attack people .
If giant pandas have no food , they die .
If a polar bear is hungry , it catches fish from the water .
What do some snakes do if you step on them ?
What do male wolves do if there is danger ?
If tigers live in the wild they hunt for their own food .
They live as a family if they have babies .
如果在野外，狼以家族形式群居。
Wolves if they are in the wild .
如果魚兒離開(kāi)了水，就會(huì)很快死亡。
If a fish ______________________ water , it ____________________ soon .
如果我們砍伐太多的樹(shù)，就會(huì)發(fā)生水災(zāi)或旱災(zāi)。
If we _______________________________ trees , there are floods or draughts .
Reading
I． Useful expressions
the story of Xi Wang 希望的故事 look like a white mouse看上去像只白鼠
call her Xi Wang 叫它希望 weigh just 100 grams 稱到100克
start to go outside her home 開(kāi)始到戶外去 for the first time第一次
eight months later 八個(gè)月后
grow into a healthy giant panda長(zhǎng)成一只健康的大熊貓
at the very beginning 在剛開(kāi)始時(shí) up to 14 hours 高達(dá)14 小時(shí)
eat bamboo shoots and leaves吃竹子的嫩枝和樹(shù)葉
have another baby又生了個(gè)孩子 survive in the wild在野外生存
kill the panda for its fur殺死熊貓以獲取皮毛 cut down trees and forests 砍伐樹(shù)木和森林
have nowhere to live 沒(méi)有住處
leave baby pandas for two whole days on their own讓小熊貓單獨(dú)呆兩天
find baby pandas alone 發(fā)現(xiàn)小熊貓獨(dú)處時(shí) take them away 帶走它們
be in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中 take the following actions采取如下行動(dòng)
make giant panda reserves bigger 擴(kuò)大大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)的范圍
encourage farmers to leave the giant panda reserves 鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民們離開(kāi)大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)
ii Details of the text
1. We called her Xi Wang.
call 稱呼,叫做,后跟賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),如:
We call him Mr .Li.我們叫他李老師。
The boy called Jim is my best friend. 那個(gè)叫做Jim的男孩是我的好朋友。
call的其他用法
1）喊叫，叫醒
Please call me in the morning.請(qǐng)?jiān)缟辖行盐摇?/p>
2）呼喚，召喚
Call the doctor at once.立刻叫醫(yī)生來(lái)。
3）打電話，
make a telephone call.打電話
I called him yesterday. 昨天我打電話給他了。
2.At four months,she weighed about 10 kilograms and she started to go outside her home for the first time.
for the first time 表示第一次，當(dāng)time作“次”解釋，前面又有序數(shù)詞時(shí)要與for連用。 如：
I left home for Beijing in 1998 for the first time.1998年我第一次離家去北京。
When did you meet him for the first time ? 你第一次什么時(shí)候遇到他的？
但：1）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)不與for連用，如：
這將是我第一次看到煙花。
It will be my first time to see the firework.
2）times 前有基數(shù)詞時(shí)不與for連用，如：
當(dāng)他在中國(guó)工作時(shí)去過(guò)三次上海。
He went to Shanghai three times when he worked in China.
3.Eight months later,she was not a small baby any more.
later adv. late 的比較級(jí),意為……之后,過(guò)了……以后
“一段時(shí)間+ later”相當(dāng)于“after+一段時(shí)間”,多用于一般過(guò)去時(shí).如
三天后，他去了英國(guó)。
Three days later,he went to England.=After three days, he went to England.
一周后，他回到了那個(gè)城市。
A week later，he returned to the city.= After a week, he returned to the city
later還可單獨(dú)使用,意為“后來(lái),以后”用于過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí),如:
The rain will stop later. 雨過(guò)會(huì)會(huì)停。
Later the girl found her mother.后來(lái)，那個(gè)女孩找到了她媽媽。
和later有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)，句子
later on 后來(lái) See you later.再見(jiàn) sooner or later.遲早
4.She grew into a healthy young giant panda and weighed 35 kilograms.
grow into 長(zhǎng)成，發(fā)展成
She grew into a big girl.她長(zhǎng)成一個(gè)大姑娘了。
Our hometown has grown into a modern city.我們的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展成一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的城市了。
grow的其他用法
1）連系動(dòng)詞，變得
Truth never grows old.真理永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)。
My mother’s hair is growing gray.媽媽的頭發(fā)正在變白。
2）種植，栽培；養(yǎng)；留
grow rice種水稻 grow a beard 留胡子 grow up長(zhǎng)大
5. At the very beginning,XiWang drank her mother’s milk for up to 14 hours a day.
up to 意為＂達(dá)到，接近，多到，一直到＂
The number of students in our school is up to 5000.我校的學(xué)生數(shù)多達(dá)5000。
He does his home work for up to 3 hours every day.他每天做長(zhǎng)達(dá)3小時(shí)的作業(yè)。
The team did not play up to its best today.那個(gè)球隊(duì)今天沒(méi)有發(fā)揮出最理想的水平。
6. Mothers often leave baby pandas for two whole days on their own.
leave (left)
1)離開(kāi)
He left home in a hurry.他匆忙離開(kāi)家。
2)留下,忘帶
He left her book in the garden.他把書丟在花園里了。
3)把……留給
I will leave my car to you. 我會(huì)把我的車留給你。
4) leave +賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(為形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ),名詞等) ,使……處于……狀態(tài)
leave the door open讓門開(kāi)著
leave the baby by itself把嬰兒?jiǎn)为?dú)留下
leave one on one’s own留下……不管
The woman left her baby on it’s own. 這個(gè)婦女留下她的孩子無(wú)人照看。
5)去,出發(fā) It’s time for us to leave.我們?cè)摮霭l(fā)了。
Integrated skills & Pronunciation
1.live as a family until baby tigers are 2-3 years old 在小老虎兩至三歲前以家庭形式居住
as a family 以家庭形式 as “作為”
She works as a teacher . 她當(dāng)老師。
I think of you as my best friend . 我把你當(dāng)我最好的朋友。
as和like都可以表示“像…一樣”，但作此意解時(shí)，as是連詞，like是介詞，且as表示本身就是，而like本身不是，只是“像”
請(qǐng)盡量照著我寫的這樣寫。 Please try to write like me .= Please try to write as I do .
像他弟弟一樣，他也喜歡體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。_____________ his brother , he likes sports .
他想工人一樣工作。 He works _________ a worker .
他當(dāng)工人。 He works __________ a worker .
as常可用于such as / such…as和the same as的結(jié)構(gòu)中。
我們需要像你一樣的人。 We need such a person as you .
我的主意和你的一樣。 My idea is the same as yours .
我想買像你的一樣的車。 I want to buy the same car as you did .
2.I think you should not buy clothes made of animal fur .我認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)該買動(dòng)物毛皮做的衣服。
made of animal fur是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，表示與clothes之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
make…of…是主動(dòng)短語(yǔ)，意為“用…制成…”，做好成品后仍然看得出原材料。
她喜歡穿絲織的村衫。She likes wearing blouse _________________________ silk .
我們用絲綢做衣服。 We _______________ clothes _________ silk .
【注】該短語(yǔ)常在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中出現(xiàn)
書是由印刷而成的。 Books ______________________________ paper .
這把小刀是由金屬制成的。 The knife _________________________ metal .
3.They look lovely on me .我穿它們很漂亮。
“衣服+look + adj. +on sb.”意為“衣服穿在某人身上怎么樣”
這件連衣裙你穿很好看。 The dress looks nice _______ you .
這襯衫穿在他身上很帥氣。 The shirt looks smart ___________ him .
【注】如果人作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用“sb. looks +adj.+ in + sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。意為“某人穿了什么衣服怎么樣”
你穿這條連衣裙看上去很不錯(cuò)。 You look nice _______ this dress.
這個(gè)年輕人穿這套衣服更帥。 The young man looks _________________ ____ this suit .
4.Hunters will make a lot of money if they sell elephants’ tusks .
獵人們?nèi)绻u了象牙就會(huì)賺很多錢。
make money意為“賺錢”
他去年賺了很多錢。 He ____________________________ last year .
你認(rèn)為養(yǎng)豬很賺錢嗎？ Dou you think keeping pigs can make good money ?
謀生make one’s living 生火 make a fire 交朋友make friends
犯錯(cuò)誤 make a mistake 取笑 make fun of
Main task & Checkout
1． Mother giant pandas have only one or two babies at a time.
at a time 一次,每次, 表示數(shù)次相同行為中的一次,此處的不能用代替
你一次能從圖書館借幾本書?
How many books can you borrow from the library at a time?
他一次能搬三把椅子.
He can carry three chairs at a time.
我們不能一次做兩件事.
We can’t do two things at a time.
比較: 1)at the time曾經(jīng),一度
我過(guò)去常常在早上散步.I walked in the morning at one time.
2) at times 有時(shí),不時(shí),相當(dāng)于sometimes
通常他們?cè)趯W(xué)校吃午飯,但有時(shí)在附近的飯店吃 .
They usually have lunch in the school,but at times they have it in the restaurant nearby.
3) all the time總是,相當(dāng)于always
晚上你總是呆在家嗎? Do you stay at home all the time in the evening?
2.Their number is getting smaller and smaller. 他們的數(shù)量變得越來(lái)越少了。
get + 比較級(jí)(+ and + 比較級(jí)) 表示“……變得更……(越來(lái)越……)”。
Winter is coming. It’s getting colder and colder. 冬天要來(lái)了,天氣越來(lái)越冷了。
With the development of technology, English is getting more and more important. 隨著科技的發(fā)展,英語(yǔ)越來(lái)越重要了。
If this continues , then there will be no giant pandas in the world.
3.There will be ...”表示“在某處將有……”。這是there be句型的將來(lái)時(shí)形式,也可用“There is going to be ...”結(jié)構(gòu),但其中的be不可用have或has代替。
比較“Sb. will have ...(to do)”表示“某人將有某事(要做)”。
There will be a football match on TV tonight. 今晚電視將播放一場(chǎng)足球比賽。
If farmers cut down trees and forests, giant pandas will have nowhere to live. 如果農(nóng)民們砍伐樹(shù)木和森林,大熊貓將沒(méi)有地方生活了。
4.If farmers keep taking the land，giant pandas will have nowhere to live.
強(qiáng)調(diào)重復(fù)進(jìn)行某一相同的動(dòng)作,常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用.(如:
那個(gè)人站了大約半個(gè)小時(shí).
The man kept standing for about half an hour?
我將在外面等你一個(gè)小時(shí).
有關(guān)動(dòng)物的諺語(yǔ)
I will keep waiting for you for one hour outside..
Early birds catch the worm. 早起的鳥(niǎo)，有食吃。
Kill two birds with one stone. 一箭雙雕；一舉兩得。
Let sleeping dogs lie. 勿惹事生非。
The best fish swim near the bottom. 好魚常在水底游。
Hair by hair you will pull out the horse’s tail. 一根一根拔，拔光馬尾巴。（水滴石穿）
A lazy sheep thinks its wool heavy. 懶羊嫌毛重。
If you don’t enter a tiger’s den, you can’t get his cubs. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。