詞匯導練
1．Dust and dirt soon a____________ if a house is not cleaned regularly.
2．It would be u____________ that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.
3．Despair is a s____________ of weakness.
4．He told a rather rude joke，and everyone looked e____________.
5．The teacher’s explanation c____________ the puzzling problem.
6．We have several questions ____________(關于)the report.
7．This button is for ____________(調整)the volume.
8．The equipment must be bought from a supplier ____________(認可)by the company.
9．His remarks show that he ____________(誤解)my position on the question.
10．Please ____________(包，裹)the box in red paper.
11．A company cannot be sold without the____________(approve) of the shareholders.
12．She fulfilled her____________(ambitious)to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.
1.accumulate 2.unbelievable 3.sign 4.embarrassed 5.clarified 6.concerning 7.adjusting 8.approved 9.misunderstood 10.wrap 11.approval 12.ambition
短語匯集
1．________________ 慶祝
2．________________ 參加
3．________________ 總的來說
4．________________ 釋放；散發，分發
5．________________ 屬于
6．________________ 舉起，抬起
7．________________ 講和；求和
8．________________ 調整；適應
9．________________ 占據(時間或空間)
10．________________ 對……關心
11．________________ 打獵；搜捕
12．________________ 遇見，碰見
1.in celebration of 2.take part in 3.in summary 4.give out 5.belong to 6.hold up 7.make peace 8.adjust...to... 9.take up 10.be concerned about 11.hunt for 12.meet with
語句試譯
1．(回歸課本P38)________ ________that there are so many French words in English________ ________the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
英語中有許多法語單詞的一個原因是法國人曾經統治英國好多年。
2．(回歸課本P33)Do you know of any other________ ________ ________that people around the world use?
你了解世界上與人打招呼的其他方式嗎？
3．(回歸課本P41)________you get into university in the future，you would have to go and________the opportunity.
如果你將來進入大學，你將不得不去利用這個機會。
4．(回歸課本P47)________ ________ ________the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.
人們相信毛利人來自太平洋的波利尼西亞島。
5．(回歸課本P34)He ________ quite ________ whenever it comes to this topic.The British teachers didn’t know what he was talking about or what Thanksgiving was held in celebration of.
每當談到這個話題他就格外興奮。而英國教師就不知道對方在說些什么，也不知道為什么要過感恩節。
1.One reason；is that 2.ways of greeting 3.Should；take 4.It’s believed that 5.gets；excited
核心知識
1.celebration n． 慶祝會；慶祝；贊美
(回歸課本P34)The British teachers didn’t know what he was talking about or what Thanksgiving was held in celebration of.
英國教師不知道他(美國教師)在談什么，也不知道為什么要過感恩節。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P304)There will be a party in celebration of Joan and Dave’s 40th anniversary.
將舉辦一個聚會來慶祝瓊和戴夫結婚40周年。
②(牛津P306)The service was a celebration of his life.
舉行的宗教禮儀頌揚了他的一生。
③How do people celebrate New Year in your country?
你們國家的人怎樣慶賀新年？
易混辨析
celebrate，congratulate
(1)celebrate表“慶祝”，賓語是事，即后接sth.。
(2)congratulate表“祝賀”，其賓語是受到祝賀的人，可組成短語congratulate sb.on sth./doing...。名詞congratulation可構成短語：congratulations to sb.on sth./doing...。
1.The students coming from all over the world held a party to________their teacher’s 70th birthday.
A．congratulate B．memorize
C．celebrate D．honour
解析：選C。句意：來自世界各地的學生為慶祝老師的70大壽舉行了一個聚會。congratulate“祝賀”；memorize“記住；記憶”；celebrate“慶祝”；honour“紀念”。
2．Every year the CCTV will hold an evening party________the Spring Festival.
A．in celebration of B．in honor of
C．in memory of D．in respect of
解析：選A。in celebration of“為……舉行慶祝活動”，in honor of“為了對……表示敬意”，in memory of“作為對……的紀念”，in respect of“關于”。
2.adjust vi. 適應
vt. 調整，調節
(回歸課本P35)It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
觀看那些新外教努力去適應那樣做法非常好玩。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P24)Watch out for sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.當心急轉彎并相應調整車速。
②(朗文P26)Adjusting to the tropical heat was more difficult than I had expected.
適應熱帶地區的高溫比我預料的更為困難。
③We’ve had to make some adjustments to the schedule.
我們不得不對日程安排作了一些調整。
3．完成句子
(1)你將很快適應學生生活。
You’ll quickly________yourself________student life.
答案：adjust；to
(2)她過了一段時間才適應獨自生活。
It took her a while ________ ________ ________living alone.
答案：to adjust to
4.My camera can be ________ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
A．treated B．adopted
C．adjusted D．reminded
解析：選C。adjust意為“調整，調節，適應”，符合句意。如The body adjusts itself to changes of temperature.身體能自行調節以適應溫度的變化。
5.I have just been in Australia for a week and I am trying to ________ the new climate here.
A．agree with B．fit in
C．adjust to D．rely on
解析：選C。句意：我在澳大利亞呆了一周了，正在努力地適應這兒的新氣候。adjust to意為“調整以適應”，符合句意。rely on意為“依賴”；agree with有“適合”之意，但多指氣候、品味適合于某人；fit in常和介詞with搭配，也指適合之意。
3.participate vi. 參加
(回歸課本P35)If a man participates in a wedding reception in Brunei，he has to sit with the bridegroom and the other men.
如果一個男人在Brunei參加一個婚禮，他就得和新郎和其他男人坐在一起。
歸納拓展
participate in參加
participant n.參加者，參與者
participation n.參加，參與
例句探源
①(朗文P1489)More than 400 children participated in a cleanup of the park.
400多個孩子參加了公園的清掃活動。
②(牛津P1450)She didn’t participate in the discussion.
她沒有參加討論。
③He has been on an active participant in the discussion.
他一直積極參與這次討論。
易混辨析
participate in，take part in，join (in)，attend
上述詞(組)都表示“參加”。
(1)participate in(較正式)與take part in(較口語化)同義，表示參加活動或在活動中負責。
(2)join為及物動詞，表示“加入某組織(團體、機構)，并為其中一員”，也可用于join sb.(與某人一起)，join sb.in sth./doing sth.(和某人一起做某事)。短語join in指參加正在進行著的活動或游戲等，有時可與take part in換用。
(3)attend用作及物動詞，相當于be present at，指參加會議、典禮、演講、上學等活動。
6．用participate in，take part in，join(in)，attend的適當形式填空
(1)I hope you will________ ________all our club activities.
答案：participate in
(2)Kate________us in dancing and singing，and had a good time.
答案：joined
(3)The headmaster promised us to________our class meeting next week.
答案：attend
(4)Chris________ ________the class discussion enthusiastically.
答案：joined in
4.request vt.& n． 請求，要求
(回歸課本P42)He kept making an OK sign and my classmate and I thought it was a request...
他不斷地打出“OK”的手勢，我的同學和我都認為那是一個表示請求的手勢……
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1693)He was there at the request of his manager.
他按照經理的要求到了那里。
②(朗文P1737)Further details will be sent on request.
詳情承索即寄。
③Students requested that the school provide more computer classes.
學生們請求學校安排更多的計算機課。
④Guests are requested to wear formal attire.
要求客人們穿正裝出席。
易混辨析
request，demand，require
這三個動詞均有“要求，請求”之意。
(1)request是正式用語，指非常正式、有禮貌的請求或懇求，多含擔心因種種原因對方不能答應的意味。
(2)demand一般指理直氣壯地提出強烈要求，或堅持不讓對方拒絕的要求。
(3)require強調根據事業、需要或紀律、法律等而提出的要求。
①He demanded an apology from the student.
②His health requires that he(should)take a good rest.
③May I request your attention?
7．完成句子
(1)我們將努力滿足你的要求。
We’ll try to meet________ ________/________/________.
答案：your requests/needs/demands
(2)要求參觀者不要觸摸繪畫。
Visitors________ ________ ________ ________touch the paintings.
答案：are requested not to
(3)我要求他離開。
I requested that________(________)________．
答案：he (should) leave
8．(2010年河北冀州中學高三模擬)It is ________ that all the celebrities in the entertainment circle pay their taxes to the government.
A．commanded B．requested
C．advised D．required
解析：選D。句意：按規定，娛樂圈所有的名人都要向政府繳稅。四個選項中只有require指根據事業、需要、紀律、法律等而提出的要求，故選D。
9.The manager of the hotel requested that their guests ________ after 11∶00 p．m..
A．not to play loud music
B．shouldn’t play loud music
C．don’t play loud music
D．couldn’t play loud music
解析：選B。考查request的用法。句意：賓館的經理要求客人在晚上11點以后不要大聲地播放音樂。request后的賓語從句中應用“(should＋)動詞原形”，故選B。
10. (2011年成都市高三檢測題) Don’t respond to any eMmails________personal information，no matter how official they look.
A．searching B．asking
C．requesting D．questioning
解析：選C。ask for sth.和request sth.都可表示“要求某事物”；而question sth.為“對某事物提出質疑”；search a place表示“搜查某處”。
5.Account
(回歸課本P46)You will have the opportunity to take part in the drumming and dancing，and listen to traditional accounts of bravery as well as play games!
你將不僅有機會玩游戲，還可以參加打鼓、跳舞，聽人們講述傳統的勇敢的故事！
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P13)Delong gave an account of the incident in his book.德龍在他的書中記述了此事。
②(牛津P13)On no account should the house be left unlocked.
離開住宅時千萬要鎖門。
③The Japanese market accounts for 35% of the company’s revenue.
日本市場占該公司收入的35%。
11．完成句子
(1)由于身體不好他退休了。
He retired_______ _______ _______poor health.
答案：on account of
(2)他們在起草計劃時不得不把各種可能性都考慮到。
They had to________every possibility_______ ________/________when drawing up the plan.
＝They had to _______ _______ _______every possibility when drawing up the plan.
答案：take...into account/consideradion；take account of
(3)無論什么理由我都不做。
On no account________ ________ ________it.
答案：will I do
(4)那是他延誤的原因。
That________ ________his delay.
答案：accounts for
6.power n． 能力；權力；能量
(回歸課本P47)The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power over all things including animals，trees，stones and clouds.
平原印第安人信奉the Great Spirit，他支配著包括動物、樹、石頭和云在內的所有東西。
歸納拓展
the power to do sth. 做某事的權力
be in power 在執政，在掌權
be in one’s power 在某人的控制下
be beyond one’s power to do sth.
某人無權/無能力做某事
take/seize power 上臺；當權；執政
come to power 上臺執政；掌權
例句探源
①(牛津P1549)The present regime has been in power for two years.
現政權已經執政兩年了。
②(朗文P1592)De Gaulle came to power in 1958.
戴高樂于1958年開始執政。
③As general manager Wolf has the power to fire or retain the coach.作為總經理，沃爾夫有權解雇或續簽教練。
易混辨析
energy，power，strength，force
(1)energy主要指人的精力、活力和物理學中的能、能量、能源。
(2)power主要指政權、權力，還可泛指做某事的能力，也可指物理學中的動力、功率。
(3)strength強調一個人所具有的力量、力氣。
(4)force主要指為克服阻力使事物運動而實際發出或施加的力量，即物理學中的力；也可指兵力、勢力、武力。
①The boy used force to open the door.
②Some animals have the power to see in the dark.
③Union is strength.
④Young people usually have more energy than the old.
12．完成句子
(1)他當權已有8年了。
He’s been ________ ________now for eight years.
答案：in power
(2)這個政黨是在上次大選中當選執政的。
The party________ ________ ________at the last election.
答案：came to power
(3)音樂可以讓你忘掉悲傷。
Music________ ________ ________to wipe your sadness out.
答案：has the power
(4)醫生們正在竭盡全力救他。
Doctors are doing everything________ ________ ________to save him.
答案：in their power
7.give out 散發；分發；釋放；被用完，耗盡
(回歸課本P43)Japanese people may bow and even give out their business cards to greet others and get upset if people do not look at the cards carefully.
與別人見面時，日本人會鞠躬，甚至送給對方名片。如果對方不仔細看他們的名片，他們就會不愉快。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P874)She gave out copies of the report to the committee before the meeting.
開會前她將這份報告的復印件分發給委員會成員。
②(朗文P861)The radiator gives out a lot of heat.
散熱器釋放出大量的熱。
③Her patience finally gave out.
她最終忍無可忍了。
13．完成句子
(1)過了一個月，他們的食物貯備消耗殆盡．
After a month their food supplies________ ________.
答案：gave out
(2)飛機飛到大西洋中部時，其中一個發動機出了故障。
One of the plane’s engines________ ________in midAtlantic.
答案：gave out
(3)老師把試卷發給學生。
The teacher________ ________the exam papers to the students.
答案：gave out
(4)這臺機器閃閃發光。
The machine________ ________flashes of light.
答案：gives out
8.in contact with 與……接觸
(回歸課本P43)When you are in contact with people from different cultures，it is important to understand what you can and cannot do.
當你與具備不同文化背景的人打交道時，了解什么是你應該做的，什么是不應該做的，這是很重要的。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P427)Have you kept in contact with any of your friends from college?
你和你大學里的朋友還保持聯系嗎？
②(朗文P430)I’ve made contact with most of the people on the list.
我已與名單上的大部分人取得了聯系。
③Health care workers who come in contact with flu victims should wash their hands frequently.
與流感病人接觸的衛生保健人員應該經常洗手。
14．完成句子
(1)自畢業以來我和我的同班同學通過電子郵件保持聯系。
My classmates and I ________ ________ ________ ________/________ ________each other by email since graduation.
答案：have kept in contact/touch with
(2)每天與這些可愛的孩子在一起他覺得很快樂。
He felt very happy ________ ________ ________ the lovely children every day.
答案：in contact with
9.belong to 屬于，為……的財產；為……的一員
(回歸課本P47)There are many different tribes that belong to the Native American Indian group.
美洲印第安土著民族有許多不同的部落。
歸納拓展
例句探源
(朗文P162)Do the books belong to the school?
這些書是屬于學校的嗎？
(牛津P168)Have you ever belonged to a political party?
你加入過什么政黨嗎？
15．Don’t forget the things________your own!
A．belongs to B．is belonging to
C．is belonged to D．belonging to
解析：選D。句意：別忘記帶上你自己的東西！belonging to your own作定語修飾things，相當于which belong to your own。
16.Just a reminder，please put the book________it belongs.
A．to which B．where
C．which D．in which
解析：選B。句意：溫馨提示：請把書放回原處。此處where引導地點狀語從句。belong意為“應被放置在(某處)”。
句型解析
1【教材原句】 Should you get into university in the future，you would have to go and take the opportunity.(P41)
如果你將來進入大學，你不得不去利用這個機會。
【句法分析】 Should you get...相當于If you should get...。
在虛擬語氣中當條件狀語從句的謂語部分含有had、should或were時，就將這樣的詞had、should或were移到句首把句子寫成倒裝句而將連詞if省略。
①If you were the manager here，what would you do?
Were you the manager here，what would you do?
你若是這里的經理，你會怎么辦？
②If he should act like that again，he would be fired immediately.
Should he act like that again，he would be fired immediately.
要是他再那樣做，他會被立即解雇的。
17．________I known it，I should have told him.
A．Have B．Had
C．Having D．If
解析：選B。考查虛擬語氣。句意：我要是知道這件事就告訴他了。條件句中省略if要把had提至主語前，故選B。
18.(2011年岳陽模擬)________for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school，she might have passed the exam.
A．Had it not been B．Hadn’t it been
C．Was it not D．Were it not
解析：選A。考查虛擬語氣。句意：要不是她在上學的路上被車撞斷了腿，她就會考試及格了。條件狀語從句中若去掉if，則had或were應前置。本句是對過去事情的虛擬，故had提前。
19.(2010年長春外國語學校期中考試)________ I attended the lecture，I ________ a good knowledge of how this happens now.
A．Were；would have had
B．Had；would have had
C．Had；would have
D．Were；would have
解析：選C。考查條件句中的虛擬語氣。但是條件句是對過去的虛擬，而主句則是對現在的虛擬，因此我們要采取“分段處理，各個擊破”的原則，即：分清虛擬時段，采用相應的虛擬形式。本題條件句部分用had done形式；主句部分用would do形式，所以答案是C。
19.(2010年長春外國語學校期中考試)________ I attended the lecture，I ________ a good knowledge of how this happens now.
A．Were；would have had
B．Had；would have had
C．Had；would have
D．Were；would have
解析：選C。考查條件句中的虛擬語氣。但是條件句是對過去的虛擬，而主句則是對現在的虛擬，因此我們要采取“分段處理，各個擊破”的原則，即：分清虛擬時段，采用相應的虛擬形式。本題條件句部分用had done形式；主句部分用would do形式，所以答案是C。
2【教材原句】 He gets quite excited whenever it comes to this topic . The British teachers didn’t know what he was talking about or what Thanksgiving was held in celebration of.(P34)
每當談到這個話題他就格外興奮。而英國教師就不知道對方在說些什么，也不知道為什么要過感恩節。
【句法分析】 該句使用“get＋adj.”的形式。
(1)“get＋過去分詞”表示使自己處于某種狀態和情況，或表被動意義。
get dressed穿上
get married結婚
get burnt燒傷，曬黑
get paid得以付錢
get drunk喝醉酒
get started開始
(2)“get＋形容詞”表示達到某種狀態或情況。
get well/bored/hungry/worried/fat/fit/cold，etc.
變得(身體)很好/厭煩/饑餓/不安/胖/健康/冷等
20．完成句子
(1)他們剛結婚。
They’ve just________ ________.
答案：got married
(2)你認為他能再次當選嗎？
Do you think he will________ ________？
答案：get reelected
(3)聽到這個消息他變得不安起來。
He________ ________/________at the news.
答案：got worried/upset
21.(2011年衡水中學高三調研)-Where have you been?
-I________in the heavy traffic，or I would have been here earlier.
A．stuck B．had stuck
C．have been stuck D．got stuck
解析：選D。get stuck in...陷入……。由語境可知，此處應用一般過去時。
作文指導
說明文
【體裁導航】
說明文，顧名思義，就是要說清、道明。可見，清晰的描述、不紊的條理、分明的層次和準確的用詞，都是說明文最明顯的特征。
無論是文字敘述還是圖表標識，只要無時間限制，說明文中一般都要用現在時態。
圖表說明文是近年來高考英語寫作的重點、熱點，也是國家英語課程標準所要求掌握的。
做這一寫作題型時，同學們最好能在分清圖與圖之間邏輯關系的基礎上，列出要點，逐條予以說明。這樣，既能避免主次不分，又能有效防止要點的遺漏。
巧用過渡性詞語，能使文章結構緊湊，條理清晰。
中學階段常用的過渡詞語主要有以下幾類：
1．表示時間順序：first, then, afterwards, to begin with, meanwhile, later, soon, finally ...
2．表示空間順序：near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side ...
3．表示并列關系：and, as well as, also, too ...
4．表示因果關系：because, for, since, as a result (of), therefore, thus, thanks to ...
5．表示遞進關系：besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, also, one more thing ...
6．表示比照關系：like, unlike, such as，but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary ...
7．表示條件關系：if, unless, as long as, so long as, on condition that ...
8．表示概括關系：in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up ...
【寫作示例】
由于現代科學技術的發展，人們現在的日常生活已與幾十年前的大不一樣。那么，隨著社會和科學技術的進一步發展，未來人們的生活又會是什么樣的呢？請你以“未來生活”為主題，從人類的工作、身體的變化、生活的環境、交通設施、溝通方式、住房等方面，展開想象，描述一下未來美好的生活。
要求：1.想象合理，表達清晰，有條理。
2．描述你想象中的未來生活。
3．詞數：120～150。
【寫作要領】
本文的體裁是說明文，主題是未來的生活，時態應為一般將來時。
要求學生預測并適當描述幾十年以后生活可能發生的變化，表達自己對未來美好的愿望。文章可以分為三部分：一、開頭，二、主體，三、結尾。第一部分(第1段)開門見山，直接點題，指出未來的生活肯定會發生巨大的變化。第二部分(第2和3段)發揮想象，具體闡述。可從人們日常生活的各個方面(工作、交通、教育學習、休閑娛樂、環境等)入手。第三部分(第4段)提出建議，表達自己美好的愿望。
【金點模板】
一、開頭(表達個人觀點)
I suppose that ...
Personally, I think that ...
With science and technology developing, it is certain that ...
二、主體
1．句型
In the future we will...
More people will be able to ...
At that time, people will be using ...
There will be no need to ...
2．過渡詞
besides/in addition/what’s more/furthermore而且
for example/for instance/such as舉例
instead of代替，而不是
not only ...but also ...不但……而且……
in other words換句話說
that is to say也就是說
三、結尾
1．句型
Compared to the life today, the future life will be ...
No matter what happens in the future, we will ...
2．過渡詞
altogether總之；above all 最重要的是；however然而
【范文點評】
The Future Life
①With science and technology developing fast, it is certain that the future life will be more convenient and fastpaced.In the future we will have more free time and we may change jobs several times in our career.②More people will be able to work at home, doing less manual work but more learning and thinking, which will make our brains bigger and bodies smaller.
③Besides, transportation will become cleaner, faster, cheaper and not so crowded.④There will be no need to worry about the environment being polluted while traveling, for new fuels and engines will be used.
At that time，⑤people will be using the Internet to shop and do business while stores will be more like entertainment parks.⑥People will live in green houses and keep in touch with each other by using advanced videophones which can also be used for shopping and banking.
⑦Altogether, compared to the life we live today，the future life will be totally different. ⑧However, no matter what happens in the future, as long as we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different，we will be well prepared for whatever the future may have in store and enjoy a happier and healthier life.
點評：
①由復合結構“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”引出話題，自然流暢。
②此句準確得體地運用了非謂語動詞作狀語和非限制性定語從句。
③使用過渡詞besides，把話題自然引到“交通方式的變化”上。
④準確使用There is no need to do...句型，且多處使用非謂語動詞，如：to worry，being polluted，traveling。
⑤使用while來銜接兩個不同的未來變化；前一個分句用將來進行時使舉例時語言更生動形象。
⑥by引導的方式狀語中包含有一個定語從句。
⑦用altogether引出對上面兩段的猜想的總結。
⑧由轉折詞however銜接兩個句子，使句意互相照應，文章連貫流暢。
【類題嘗試】
自1978年以來，我國海外留學生回國人數逐年上升。請在Shanghai Daily上發表一篇文章，根據圖表敘述海外人員歸國情況，分析回歸原因，并希望更多的海外學者回國創業。
要求：1.可根據內容要點適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；
2．詞數150左右，短文開頭已寫好，不計入總詞數。
參考詞匯：制定政策-work out policies，海歸人員-returnee
There has been a reversal of the braindrain since 1978 across the country.___________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
There has been a reversal of the braindrain since 1978 across the country.Between 1978 and 2007, about 7,000 overseas Chinese returned to Shanghai after completing their studies abroad.They accounted for about 25% of all returnees nationwide.The year 2008 has witnessed a boom.The number of returnees came up to 15,000.By the end of 2009, a further 22,000 have returned to this city.
The reversal of the braindrain mainly arises from three facts.Firstly, our government values overseas Chinese scholars highly, encourages them to return home to start their own careers and has worked out a series of preferential policies.In Shanghai, the famous international city, they can enjoy a modern lifestyle.Secondly, China’s economy has been developing at a high speed, which provides them with a vast space of development.
Many returnees have achieved outstanding success in scientific research or in highlevel management.They are playing a more and more important role.Thirdly, the current global financial crisis leaves many overseas out of work or at the edge of being laid off.They feel more secure at home because the economy is more stable.
I hope that more overseas Chinese can head home.There is a bright future ahead of them.