1．happen v.（偶然地）發(fā)生
The accident happened at the corner.
那事故發(fā)生在拐角處。
She hoped nothing bad would happen to him.
她希望不會有壞事發(fā)生在他身上。
happen to do碰巧做了……（不能用于進(jìn)行式）
I happened to see him on the street.
我碰巧在街上見到他。
it(so)happens that…碰巧……
It so happened that the famous actor was her brother.
=The famous actor happened to be her brother.
那個(gè)有名的演員碰巧是她的哥哥。
2．secret adj.秘密的，機(jī)密的；隱蔽的；隱瞞的
a secret plan 秘密計(jì)劃
I kept my illness secret from my wife.
我不讓妻子知道我生病。
n.［C］秘密；秘訣，訣竅
keep a secret 守秘密
a top secret 絕密
Their marriage is a secret.
他們的結(jié)婚是個(gè)秘密。
The secret of his success was hard work.
他的成功秘訣就是努力工作。
3．real adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；實(shí)際的；真實(shí)的；真正的，誠實(shí)的
a real experience 實(shí)際的經(jīng)驗(yàn)
the real world 現(xiàn)實(shí)世界
The story was based on real life.
那個(gè)故事是根據(jù)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活而寫的。
Is this real gold?
這確實(shí)是真金的嗎？
4．change v.改變；（使）變化；改換……；將……更換；換零錢
She has changed her minD．
她改變了主意。
He has changed a lot since I saw him last.
自從上次我見到他以來他變了許多。
I’d like to change a ten-dollar bill.
我想把10美元的鈔票換成零錢。
n.［C］變化，變更，更換，交換；［U］零錢
a sudden change in the weather
天氣的突然變化
Did you notice the change of his expression?
你注意到他表情的變化了嗎？
I took a change of clothes with me.
我?guī)Я艘惶讚Q洗的衣服。
You may keep the change.
你可以留下零錢（當(dāng)小費(fèi)）。
5．miserable adj.悲慘的，不幸的，悲哀的；痛苦的
feel miserable 覺得悲哀
miserable weather 陰沉的天氣
a miserable defeat 慘敗
He makes her life miserable.
他使她的生活苦不堪言。
How miserable those children look!
那些小孩看起來多么可憐啊！
6．brave adj.勇敢的，英勇的；無畏的；美麗的，美好的
as brave as a lion 勇如猛獅
a brave new world 美麗新世界
It was brave of him to enter the burning building.
他敢進(jìn)入那燃燒著的房屋，真是勇敢。
7．be afraid of 擔(dān)心……，害怕
Are you afraid of dogs?
你怕狗嗎？
He was afraid of losing face.
他擔(dān)心失面子。
be afraid to do sth.害怕做……
He is afraid to fly in an airplane.
他怕坐飛機(jī)。
Don’t be afraid to ask for help.
不要怕請求幫忙。
be afraid that…擔(dān)憂，擔(dān)心，恐怕
I am afraid that I can’t help you.
恐怕我不能幫你的忙。
［比較］be afraid of doing sth.與be afraid to do sth.
She was afraid of waking her husband up.
她怕（惟恐）吵醒了她的丈夫。（可能因?yàn)樗』蛐枰嗨?/p>
She was afraid to wake her husband up.
她不敢吵醒她的丈夫。（可能因?yàn)樗ε滤麜桓吲d或生氣）
8．choice n.選擇；選擇權(quán)；所選之人或物
make/take a choice 做選擇
Be careful in your choice.
小心選擇。
There is no choice in this matter.
這件事沒有選擇的余地。
have no choice but to do sth.別無選擇只能做……
I had no choice but to accept his demand.
除了接受他的要求，我沒別的選擇。
They had no choice but to wait there.
他們別無選擇只能在那里等待。
This picture is the choice of his collection.
這幅畫是他的收藏品中最好的。
9．power n.力量，能力；體力，智力；權(quán)力；權(quán)力者
brain power 智力
the power of hearing 聽力
beyond(out of)one’s power
（某人的）力所不及的
within one’s power （某人的）力所能及的
come into power/take power 掌權(quán)，掌握政權(quán)
in power 握有政權(quán)的（地），當(dāng)權(quán)的（地）
Carrying this baggage requires a lot of power.
搬運(yùn)這個(gè)行李要很大的力氣。
It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works.
我不懂電腦的運(yùn)作情形。
His wife has him in her power.
他的太太控制著他。
His father is a power in this town.
他的父親是這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上的有力人物。
10．believe in相信（……的）存在；信仰；信賴
Do you believe in God?
你信仰上帝嗎？
I believe him, but I don’t believe in him.
我相信他的話，但不信賴他的人格。
believe v.相信，認(rèn)為
I believe you.
=I believe what you say.
我相信你所說的話。
believe+名+(to be)名（形）
I believe him to be an honest man.
=I believe that he is an honest man.
我認(rèn)為他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。
believe+名+to do
I believe him to have passed the exam.
我相信他已經(jīng)通過考試了。
§2．2 發(fā)散思維
1．in trouble 處于困境（困難）中；有了問題（麻煩）
She is in great trouble,so she needs your advice.
她遇到了很大的困難，所以需要你的忠告。
He was in trouble with the customs.
他在海關(guān)那里有了麻煩。
trouble n.困難，麻煩；煩惱；麻煩的人
What’s the trouble?
怎么啦？（有什么困難？）
Thank you for your trouble.
謝謝你費(fèi)神。
have trouble in doing sth.做某事遇到困難
I had no trouble(in)finding his office.
我毫不費(fèi)力就找到了他的辦公室。
put sb．to the trouble of doing sth.
使某人陷入困境
ask/look for trouble 自找麻煩，自討苦吃
take great trouble to do sth.不辭辛苦地做某事
get into trouble 發(fā)生糾紛，陷入困境
He is a great trouble to his parents.
他使他父母頭痛不已。
v. 使焦慮；麻煩；使煩惱
That student sometimes troubles the teacher with hard questions.
那個(gè)學(xué)生有時(shí)候問難以回答的問題。
Don’t trouble about that.
別為那事?lián)摹?/p>
Don’t trouble to see me off at the station.
別勞駕到車站來送我。
2．it is not always easy to do…,句中it為形式主語，真正的主語是不定式。
It is important to keep healthy.
保持健康是很重要的。
it is+adj.+for sb．to do側(cè)重說明某人做某事的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的性質(zhì)、情況，不涉及人的品性（質(zhì)），這類形容詞有：difficult,hard,easy,important,dangerous,impossible,necessary等。
it is+adj.+of sb．to do側(cè)重表明對某人做某事的評價(jià)，評價(jià)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)是人，此結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞用來描述不定式行為者的性格、品行，這類形容詞有：kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,rude,impolite,naughty等。
It is kind of you to think so much of us.
=You are kind to think so much of us.
難為你這樣替我們著想。
It is very necessary for the students to clean the classroom every day.
此句不能轉(zhuǎn)換成：
The students are necessary to clean the classroom every day.
【基礎(chǔ)鞏固】
§3．1 漢英翻譯
1．一系列的________
答案：a series of
2．前額有疤的男孩________
答案：a boy with a scar on his forehead
3．了解，知道________
答案：learn about
4．處理，應(yīng)對________
答案：do about
5．處于困境中，有麻煩________
答案：in trouble
6．害怕……________
答案：be afraid of
7．偶然遇見，碰上________
答案：come across
8．同……做斗爭________
答案：fight against
9．信任，信仰________
答案：believe in
10．有共同的目標(biāo)________
答案：share the same goals
11．和……作比較________
答案：compare…with/to…
12．轉(zhuǎn)過身，轉(zhuǎn)過來________
答案：turn around
§3．2 單項(xiàng)填空
1．It looks all right in theory,but it won’t__________in practice.
A．use
B．matter
C．care
D．work
解析：work “有效，起作用”。
答案：D
2．He orders me about as if I__________his wife.In fact,I am just visiting.
A．a(chǎn)m
B．have been
C．a(chǎn)m being
D．were
解析：as if引導(dǎo)的從句如表示與事實(shí)相反的事情時(shí)用虛擬語氣。
答案：D
3．I can hardly__________my eyes:a lovely pet dog is sleeping in my room!
A．believe
B．believe in
C．trust
D．trust in
解析：believe one’s eyes/ears “相信某人的眼睛/耳朵”。
答案：A
4．I don’t like her but if she’s the people’s__________for president I’ll obey her.
A．favourite
B．choice
C．a(chǎn)greement
D．meaning
解析：“如人民選她當(dāng)總統(tǒng)，我會服從她”。
答案：B
5．They__________him with flowers as soon as he got off the plane.
A．welcomed
B．protected
C．caught
D．a(chǎn)ccepted
解析：“用鮮花歡迎他。”
答案：A
6．Tom is unhappy.He was badly__________in that shop.
A．fed
B．treated
C．punished
D．examined
解析：be badly treated “受到不公平的對待”。
答案：B
7．Mothers are talkative.It’s perfectly__________to get angry with your mother sometimes.
A．mad
B．good
C．ordinary
D．normal
解析：“媽媽好嘮叨，你有時(shí)對她生氣是很正常的”。
答案：D
8．I looked up again at the audience,realizing that this time these were__________people,not just my mum and dad,who would say “Good job!”
A．living
B．old
C．real
D．true
解析：根據(jù)題意可知，“這一次面對的觀眾是真實(shí)的，而不只是我父母。”
答案：C
9．She said it__________,so I couldn’t hear.
A．with a whisper
B．in a whisper
C．with whisper
D．in whisper
解析：in a whisper或in whispers是固定短語，“小聲地”。
答案：B
10．Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real,and much of__________is strange.
A．what happens
B．what to happen
C．what happening
D．happening
解析：much is strange是主句，of后跟的是賓語從句，故選A項(xiàng)。
答案：A
11．The little boy is naughty.His parents don’t know what to__________him.
A．do about
B．care about
C．deal with
D．talk with
解析：what to do about sb．/sth.“怎樣處理、對付……”，相當(dāng)于how to deal with sb．/sth.
答案：A
12．You should know it is not always easy to do__________.
A．which is right
B．what is right
C．which to be right
D．what to be right
解析：what is right相當(dāng)于something that is right“正確的事”，是名詞性從句，通常在句中作主語、賓語、表語等。
答案：B
13．-How does the plan sound to you?
-__________.
A．Very well
B．Differently
C．Wonderful
D．Possibly
解析：答話用了省略，補(bǔ)全是“It sounds__________to me.”sound作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語。 Very well作形容詞時(shí)意為“健康的，身體好”，不合題意。
答案：C
14．__________with many women, Jane was indeed very fortunate.
A．Comparing
B．To compare
C．To be compared
D．Compared
解析：compared with/to…是固定短語，在句中用作狀語。
答案：D
15．He succeeded__________himself understood in broken English by the foreigners.
A．to make
B．making
C．in making
D．by making
解析：succeed in doing sth.“成功地做了某事”。
答案：C
§3．3 介詞、副詞填空
1．You need a lot __________ practice instead __________ more grammar.
答案：of;of
2．We’d better prepare him __________ the bad news.
答案：for
3．Tom bought a pair __________ black shoes to go __________ his suit.
答案：of;with
4．If you are __________ trouble,you can ask __________ help.
答案：in;for
5．__________ the next corner the bus stopped and picked
__________ three people.
答案：At;up
6．BBC English programmes __________ China __________ explanations __________ Chinese.
答案：for;with;in
7．There was a great scientist __________ history __________ the name Newton.
答案：in;with
8．Please find __________ which train will leave __________ Beijing early the next morning.
答案：out;for
9．Tens __________ thousands of workers went __________ strike __________ the bad conditions the other day.
答案：of;on;against
10．He hadn’t worked hard __________ his lessons; __________ a result he failed __________ the examination.
答案：at;as;in
§3．4 句型轉(zhuǎn)換
完成B句，使其與A句意思相同或相近。（每空一詞）
1．A．Harry has to fight against bad wizards and do the right thing.
B．Harry has to fight against bad wizards and do__________ __________right.
答案：what is
2．A．It is a world of magic and wonders,a world in which anything can happen.
B．It is a world of magic and wonders,__________ __________anything can happen.
答案：one where
3．A．The noise seemed to be coming from behind the picture in the wall.
B．__________ __________ __________the noise__________coming from behind the picture in the wall.
答案：It seemed that;was
4．A．It sounded like a woman crying.
B．It sounded__________ __________a woman__________crying.
答案：as if;was/were
5．A．You will have to fight to save all of us.
B．You will have to do__________ __________ __________to save all of us.
答案：what you can
§3．5 單句改錯(cuò)
下列句子均有一處錯(cuò)誤（或多一詞；或缺一詞；或錯(cuò)一詞），請找出并加以改正。
1．He worked very hard,and still he failed in the examination.
答案：and改為but
2．It’s foolish for him to waste time and money on such useless things.
答案：for改為of
3．There are ten of thousands of people gathering in the square.
答案：ten改為tens
4．You’ll find this book great help in helping you learn English.
答案：在book后加of
5．The boy is thought high of by everybody living in this neighborhood.
答案：high改為highly
6．He put the cake in a secret place where I couldn’t find.
答案：where改為which或that或去掉where
7．I, who is your teacher,will try my best to help you with your study.
答案：is改為are
8．He asked me to send his best regard to your parents.
答案：regard改為regards
9．Tom is quite difference now.He no longer needs to work very hard.
答案：difference改為different
10．You are asked to make your speech easier understand at the meeting.
答案：在understand前加to
【思路開拓】
實(shí)戰(zhàn)類例
1．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________.
A．breaks
B．has broken
C．were broken
D．had broken
解析：本題考查的是虛擬語氣。as if可以引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句。前者用陳述語氣；后者用虛擬語氣，表示與所給事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞用were。由題意“當(dāng)把一支鉛筆部分放入一杯水中時(shí)，它看起來就像斷了似的。”是一種假設(shè)，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，要用過去時(shí)。故答案為C。
又如：
①The woman takes good care of me as if I __________ her own daughter.
A．a(chǎn)m
B．had been
C．have been
D．were(答案：D)
②It seems as if he __________ in a dream.
A．is
B．has been
C．were
D．had been(答案：C)
答案：C
2．I was just about to go to sleep __________ there was a loud knock on the door.
A．while
B．when
C．a(chǎn)s
D．since
解析：本題考查并列連詞when的意義。when作連詞時(shí)，意為①“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，如：
When water becomes solid, we call it ice.②“一……就”,如：We will stand up when the teacher comes in.③“如果”，如：Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.④“雖然；卻”，如：He walks when he might ride.⑤“既然”，如：Why did you write in pencil when you know you should write in ink?⑥“在那時(shí)；正……，突然……”，如：I was doing my homework when the light went out.而while, as和since沒有此意。本題題意是“我正要去睡覺，這時(shí)突然有人大聲地敲門”。
答案：B
3．They __________the train until it disappeared in the distance.
A．saw
B．watched
C．noticed
D．observed
解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞同義詞的辨析。因與until“直到”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用，謂語動(dòng)詞必須為可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，故排除saw“看見”和notice“注意到”。此句表示“注視著”“凝視著”，用watched(kept one’s eyes fixed on)較好，而不用observed(watched carefully)“觀察”。又如：《朗文當(dāng)代英漢雙解詞典》中的例句：She watched the train till it disappeared from sight.“她凝視著火車，直至火車消失在視線外為止。”There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
答案：B
4．These oranges taste __________.
A．good
B．well
C．to be good
D．to be well
解析：本題考查taste作連系動(dòng)詞的用法。動(dòng)詞taste, smell, look, sound和feel可用作連系動(dòng)詞，后面只能接形容詞作表語，表示主語所具有的特征。這時(shí)它們都相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞，因此不可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；也不可用在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。故答案為A。
又如：
-Do you like the music?
-Yes, it __________ beautiful.
A．is sounding
B．sounded
C．sounds
D．is sounded(答案：C)
答案：A
5．__________Jane and Robert had enough sense of humour!
A．What
B．What if
C．Even though
D．If only
解析：本題考查句式結(jié)構(gòu)。由句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知這不是感嘆句，因而不能用what，因?yàn)閃hat引出的感嘆句中，需要在what后加名詞，如：What sense of humour Jane and Robert had!此題亦不可用What if,因?yàn)榫淠?biāo)點(diǎn)符號不是問號。用Even though也不正確，因?yàn)镋ven though引導(dǎo)從句，那么該句就缺少主句了。If only后跟句子是一種特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)，用來表示某人對某事的一種愿望，意為“要是……多好啊！”“但愿……”，通常句子中用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬語氣。此題意為“要是Jane和Robert能多點(diǎn)幽默感該多好啊！”。又如：If only they could find a way to get to the room,or whatever it was,behind the wall.
答案：D
【能力提升】
§6．1 單項(xiàng)填空
1．I can’t possibly do it all by myself.If only my parents__________away on holiday!
A．were
B．a(chǎn)re
C．have been
D．had been
解析：If only后接句子，是固定句型，意為“要是……就好了”，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣。
答案：A
2．__________to visit our school again next year.
A．You are welcomed
B．Welcome you
C．You are welcome
D．You are welcoming
解析：“歡迎某人做某事”要用“sb．is welcome to do sth.”，而不能用welcome sb.to do sth.此是漢語式英語。
答案：C
3．Stop__________in the corner;say whatever it is out loud.
A．talking
B．whispering
C．quarrelling
D．shouting
解析：由后句可知，前句是想說“不要在角落里滴滴咕咕”。
答案：B
4．Just believe__________.You can pass the test;you have been practising so hard.
A．in yourself
B．yourself
C．in you
D．you
解析：believe in oneself “相信自己”。
答案：A
5．-What is happening over there?
-Several people seem__________.
A．to fight
B．fighting
C．to be fighting
D．to have fought
解析：由前句可知，事情正在發(fā)生，故seem后的不定式用進(jìn)行式。
答案：C
6．At the street corner,anyone who was seen carrying a bag,a box,or__________,was stopped by the police.
A．what it is
B．whatever it is
C．what there is
D．whatever there is
解析：whatever常放于or之后，意為“或是任何其他東西”。
答案：B
7．-I think it’s going to be a big problem.
-Yes,it could be.
-I wonder__________we can do about it.
A．if
B．how
C．what
D．that
解析：do about“處理，對付”，常與what連用，不可與how連用。
答案：C
8．I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a simple__________.
A．trick
B．deal
C．test
D．role
解析：“你怎么竟被這么簡單的詭計(jì)愚弄了呢。”
答案：A
9．If you go shopping along with me,I’ll treat you__________an ice-cream.
A．a(chǎn)s
B．for
C．with
D．to
解析：treat sb.to sth.“請某人吃……”；treat作動(dòng)詞，可作“請客”解。
答案：D
10．I’ll never forget my first earthquake.First I heard a noise,which sounded like a train __________under my house.
A．went
B．going
C．was going
D．to go
解析：going是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，相當(dāng)于which was going。
答案：B
11．But rock concerts are exciting.Opera seems slow and__________.
A．a(chǎn)nything boring
B．a(chǎn)nything bored
C．there is anything boring
D．there is anything bored
解析：and連接兩個(gè)句子，后面的句子承前用了省略，即anything seems boring。
答案：A
12．-I want to have my hair cut,but I can’t find a barber shop.
-I know where__________is.Come on,I’ll show you.
A．there
B．it
C．one
D．the one
解析：“我知道哪里有一個(gè)理發(fā)店”，用one指代a barber shop。
答案：C
13．Bill’s mother was always telling him what to do and what not to do,but it didn’t_______.
A．use
B．work
C．stop
D．persuade
解析：work作動(dòng)詞，意為“有效，起作用”。
答案：B
14．-What do you think of his suggestion read at the meeting?
-__________good but I have to give it a second thought.
A．It looks
B．It listens
C．It appears
D．It sounds
解析：“建議聽起來很好”用sound作系動(dòng)詞。
答案：D
15．I’d like to ask you to put an end to the quarrel.I know you have the__________.
A．energy
B．force
C．strength
D．power
解析：“有能力做某事”用power或ability。
答案：D
§6．2 完形填空
Marianne,a schoolgirl,was learning to play the piano,and day after day her father__1__behind as she practiced.How patient and loving he was,and how cleverly he__2__Marianne how to play some particularly difficult piece!She was making__3__and that was excellent.
And there,almost lost in the__4__chair,sat Wolfgang,her four-year-old brother,__5__never had to be told to keep__6__when Marianne was practising.
One evening at sundown the father__7__Marianne’s shoulder,saying she had done remarkably well.__8__the moment Wolfgang climbed on his father’s knee and begged to be allowed to__9__the pretty piece Marianne had now mastered.
What a__10__that was!Picking up his baby son,the father__11__,tapped the tiny nose and said,“Look at your small hands.Why,you__12__span the note（跨鍵）yet.You must wait,little man.You must wait.”
There was no end of fun during teA．After dinner Marianne helped clear__13__the dishes when the father lit his pipe(煙頭).But the pipe went__14__.He was on his feet.“Listen!Listen!__15__is playing the piece better than ever!”__16__Marianne was washing dishes in the kitchen.
Hie__ 17__following,he went upstairs,the lamp in one hand and his pope in the other.He__18__open the door,and there was little Wolfgang__19__in the darkness.“I love it so!”Whispered the child.
It was the beginning of Mozart’s life of__20__.
1．A．stood
B．hid
C．seated
D．waited
答案：A
2．A．learned
B．found
C．showed
D．a(chǎn)sked
解析：爸爸教她彈鋼琴的方法很聰明，showed“教，指導(dǎo)”。
答案：C
3．A．progress
B．repairs
C．experiment
D．practice
解析：在爸爸的引導(dǎo)下，她取得了可喜的進(jìn)步。
答案：A
4．A．deeply
B．tiny
C．small
D．big
解析：小Wlfgang坐在一把大椅子上，幾乎埋在了里面。
答案：D
5．A．who
B．whom
C．which
D．that
答案：A
6．A．close
B．a(chǎn)way
C．fit
D．quite
答案：D
7．A．held
B．caught
C．patted
D．seized
解析：爸爸拍了拍女兒的肩膀。
答案：C
8．A．For
B．At
C．On
D．By
答案：B
9．A．learn
B．listen
C．play
D．see
答案：C
10．A．fun
B．joke
C．piece
D．job
解析：從沒有摸過鋼琴的小Wolfgang竟提出要彈奏一曲，不是開玩笑嗎？
答案：B
11．A．laughed
B．thought
C．nodded
D．felt
答案：A
12．A．mustn’t
B．can’t
C．don’t
D．shouldn’t
答案：A
13．A．down
B．up
C．off
D．a(chǎn)way
解析：clear away “清除，打掃”。
答案：D
14．A．on
B．out
C．in
D．off
解析：go out“熄滅”。
答案：B
15．A．Marianne
B．Wolfgang
C．Mr.Mozart
D．Mrs.Mozart
解析：爸爸還以為是Marianne彈的呢！
答案：A
16．A．And
B．So
C．But
D．Or
答案：C
17．A．children
B．daughter
C．son
D．wife
解析：女兒在廚房里，兒子在彈琴，和爸爸在一起的只有媽媽了。
答案：D
18．A．pushed
B．left
C．kept
D．struck
解析：push open “推開”。
答案：A
19．A．crying
B．standing
C．playing
D．sitting
答案：C
20．A．study
B．music
C．piano
D．school
解析：小莫扎特開始了從事音樂的一生。
答案：B
§6．3 閱讀理解
A
From early times,man has been interested in art.People have often worked together to collect and save the world’s art treasures.
Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in an art museum called the Louvre（羅浮宮）in Paris,France.The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries.It is the biggest art museum in the world.
The Louvre has not always been a museum.The first building was a fort（堡壘）.In 1190,it was the king’s castle with high walls and a round tower.It had a moat（護(hù)城河）to keep out the enemies.
Over the years,the number of buildings around the castle grew.By 1350,the castle no longer needed a fort.The Louvre became a palace home for French kings and queens.
During time of peace,new treasures were brought in.During the days of war,many treasures were stolen,and the buildings were damaged.
When Francis I became king of France in 1515,he brought in many artists from other countries.One of the artists was Lenardo Da Vinci from Italy.Da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” is the best known painting in the museum today.
In 1793,the Louvre became a public museum,just as it is now.It is a place where art treasure are kept for everyone to enjoy.Every year millions of people from all over the world come to the Louvre to see the masterpieces.
1．How long has the Louvre been a museum?
A．For over 800 years.
B．Since 1350.
C．Since 1515．
D．For over 200 years.
解析：羅浮宮是1793年才成為一個(gè)公共博物館的，距今200多年。
答案：D
2．Most of works of art in the Louvre have been collected probably__________.
A．by the French people
B．by Francis I
C．by Leonardo Da Vinci
D．by people of the world
答案：A
3．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A．Da Vinci once stayed in France.
B．“Mona Lisa”is kept in the Louvre.
C．The Louvre was once a church as well as a palace.
D．The Louvre is a place of interest to different people from all over the world.
解析：文中沒有說到羅浮宮曾經(jīng)是一座教堂。
答案：C
4．Why is it good for the works of art to be kept in public museums?
A．In public museums works of art will not be stolen.
B．In public museums works of art will not be damaged.
C．In public museums artists can study the works of art.
D．In public museums everyone has a chance to enjoy the works of art.
解析：根據(jù)文章最后一段的后兩句話可推知答案。
答案：D
B
Bringing Art into Hospitals
The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play an important role in helping patients to get better.
As part of nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the museums and into public places,some of the country’s best artists have been called in to change older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings.Of the 2 500 national health service hospitals in Britain,almost 100 now have very valuable collections of present art in passages,waiting areas and treatment rooms.
These recent movements first started by one artist,Peter Senior,who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s.He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society,and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience(觀眾).
A common hospital waiting room might have as many as 5 000 visitors each week.What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art!Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patient’s waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975.Believed to be Britain’s first hospital artist.Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.
The effect is stricking.Now in the passages and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colours,playful images（形象）and restful courtyards.
The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness.A study has shown that patients who had a view onto gardens needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.
1．Some best artists of Britain have been called in to__________.
A．set up new hospitals
B．make the corners of the hospital collect paintings
C．bring art into hospitals
D．help patients recover from serious illnesses
解析：從第二段第一句話“As part of nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the museums and into public places,some of the country’s best artists have been called in to change older hospitals and to soften the hard eges of modern buildings.”可以看出英國讓一些好的藝術(shù)家把藝術(shù)帶進(jìn)醫(yī)院。
答案：C
2．After the improvement of the hospital environment,__________.
A．patients no longer take drugs to kill their pains
B．patients don’t have to stay long in hospital
C．patients need fewer pain killers when they suffer from an illness
D．patients feel happy in hospital
解析：細(xì)讀全文可知，醫(yī)院環(huán)境的改進(jìn)可以減輕病人的痛苦。
答案：C
3．It can inferred from the passage that__________.
A．the role of hospital environment is being recognized
B．hospital artists have done more than doctors
C．exhibitions attract more audience in hospitals than in museums
D．the hospital is a better place for people than the museum in Britain
解析：這是一道綜合理解題，通讀全文我們可以得出A為最佳答案。
答案：A
C
In the summers,March to September,there are interesting guided tours of the Lincoln’s Inn Library from 9:30 to 11:30 am.It’s otherwise closed to the publiC．If you are fortunate enough to be there at that time for a tour,you’ll find on the library wall the legal motto in Latin:“Corlege,Ledge,Gredge”“On behalf of the King,the law,and the people”.
Lincoln’s Inn Field’s is the largest Garden Square in central London.In the 14th century,it was common land and used as a games field by the students at Lincoln’s Inn,in the building development of the early 17th century,a group of speculators（投機(jī)商）asked for permission from Parliament to develop the land as a housing estate.Lincoln’s Inn lawyers tried to persuade Parliament to prevent the speculative building and the following legal battle lasted almost 20 years.Finally a compromise（妥協(xié)）was reached.The developers could build around the fields provided the central part forever and be open and unbuilt.
Walk ahead towards the center of the Gardens,and you can see the wooden pavilion through the trees where used to be the 17th century execution spot（刑場）.Leave the gardens by the path to your right at the pavilion going north and you’ll almost opposite Sir John Soane’s Museum at numbers 12 to 14 Lincoln’s Inn Fields.Sir John Soane built the three houses you see across the road,numbers 12,13 and 14 over a period of some thirty years.At the time of his death in 1837,Soane had leased（租借）the front parts of numbers 12 and 14 and had the whole of number 13 plus the ground and basement floors add the back of numbers 12 and 14 as his own home.It’s this area that now forms the Soane Museum.This extraordinary museum is not only a collection of many different objects but a collection of architectural styles and examples of the builder’s art in using space and lighting as well.
1．If you are lucky enough,you can see some interesting places in the Lincoln’s Inn Library in __________.
A．February
B．August
C．December
D．October
答案：B
2．The argument between the lawyers and the speculators started__________.
A．in the fourteenth century
B．in the eighteenth century
C．in the early seventeenth century
D．twenty years later
答案：C
3．The Soane Museum used to be__________.
A．the execution spot
B．a(chǎn) game field
C．the garden square
D．a(chǎn) certain person’s living place
答案：D
4．According to the passage,which of the following statements is probably true?
A．You are likely to read this article in a guidebook.
B．You can visit the lincoln’s Inn Library all the year round.
C．Parliament agreed to build houses in the central part of the square.
D．The Soane Museum has collected only Sir John Soane’s objects.
解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句，第二段最后一句和第三段最后一句可排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)。
答案：A
5．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．The Wonderful Museum.
B．Walking Tour of London.
C．The Largest Garden Square.
D．The Lincoln’s Inn Library.
答案：B
§6．4短文改錯(cuò)
Kick had always trouble of school. One year Mr. Lee,the 1．__________
schoolmaster,said that Kick will have to leave. 2．__________
Dick’s father immediately went to Mr. Lee and ask why. 3．__________
“He cheated in the exam,”Mr. Lee showed him two paper. 4．__________
“This paper is Susan’s and this one’s Dick.They’re 5．__________
exactly same.He just copied from her.”“But maybe she 6．__________
copied from my son.You can’t prove of it 7．__________
was the other way.”“Look this,”Mr. Lee said.“Susan 8．__________
didn’t know an answer to this question,so she wrote, 9．__________
‘I don’t know’,and your son wrote,‘Neither do I’.” 10．__________
答案：
1．of→in/at 2．will→would
3．a(chǎn)sk→asked 4．paper→papers
5．Dick→Dick’s 6．same前加the
7．去掉of 8．this前加at
9．a(chǎn)n→the 10．√
§6．5 書面表達(dá)
請根據(jù)來信內(nèi)容用英文寫一封回信。
Dear John,
I’m writing to you from Beijing.I hope you had a pleasant journey back and everything is well with you.
We are very happy about the “Friendship School”relations established(建立)between us.This provides(提供)a good chance for us to know more about American schools and students.We are sure our friendship will become closer in the future.We shall do our best towards this end.Thanks for the stamps you brought to me when you visited my family.My brother is a stamp collector and likes them so much.I enclose also some stamps for you from my brother and hope you like them.Please tell me something about your family and your school life.What do you do in your spare time?How are you getting along with your studies?Do you find it difficult to speak Chinese?
Best regards.
Yours,
Li Wei
參考答案：
Dear Li Wei,
I’ve just received your letter and I am very pleased with it.
I enjoyed my stay in China very much.And I am very happy to have made so many Chinese friends when I visited your great country last month.
Thank you for your wonderful stamps.I like them very much,especially the“monkey stamp”.
Now I’ll tell you something about myself.I study in a middle school near my house.I go there on foot.I have many subjects to study,such as English,mathematics,etc.I have three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.In my spare time I play basketball or table-tennis.I also like skating and dancing.
I hope to visit your country again.I am beginning to miss you so badly.Chinese is really difficult to study.Would you please help me?I wish to learn it well.
Remember me to your parents and brother.
Yours forever,
John
【資料選摘】
Time talks. It speaks more plainly(明白地) than words. Time communicates in many ways.
Consider the different parts of the day, for example. The time of the day when something is done can give a special meaning to the event. Factory managers in the United States fully realize the importance of an announcement made during the middle of the morning or afternoon that takes everyone away from his work.
In the United States, it is not customary(習(xí)慣的) to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving(刮臉) or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very urgent(緊急的) and requires immediate attention. It is the same with telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he probably thinks it is a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the all communicates its importance.
The meanings of time differ in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstanding arises(出現(xiàn)) between people from cultures(文化) that treat time differently.
In the United States, people tend(趨向于) to think of time as something fixed in nature, something from which one can not escape. As a rule, Americans think of time as a road into the future, along which one progresses. The road has many sections(段), which are to be kept separate…“one thing at a time”. Thus, an American may feel angry when he has made an appointment(約會) with someone and then finds a lot of other things happening at the same time.
Americans look ahead and are concerned(與……有關(guān)系) almost entirely with the future. The American idea of the future is limited, however. It is the foreseeable future and not the future of involving(牽連) many centuries.
Since time has much different meanings in different cultures, communication is often difficult. We will understand each other a little better if we can keep this fact in mind.